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Prevalence, Deaths, and Disability-Adjusted Life Years Due to Musculoskeletal Disorders for 195 Countries and Territories 1990-2017.

OBJECTIVE: To report the levels and trends of prevalence, deaths, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) due to musculoskeletal disorder … 817.2, 23,542.1]). The greatest increases from 1990 were found in Chile (10.8% [95% UI 6.6, 15.4]), Benin (8.8% [95% UI 6.7, 11.1]), and El Salvador (8.5% [95% UI 5.5, 11.9]). CONCLUSION: There is a large burden of musculoskeletal disorders globally, with some notable inter-country variation. Some countries have twice the burden of other countries. Inc …

Adverse events in adults with latent tuberculosis infection receiving daily rifampicin or isoniazid: post-hoc safety analysis of two randomised controlled trials.

BACKGROUND: An important problem limiting treatment of latent tuberculosis infection is the occurrence of adverse events with isoniazid. We combined populations from phase 2 and phase 3 open-label, randomised controlled trials, to establish risk factors for adverse events during latent tuberculosis infection treatment. METHODS: We did a post-hoc safety analysis based on data from two open-label, randomised controlled trials done in health-care facilities in Australia, Benin, Brazil, Canada, Ghana, Guinea, Indonesia, Saudi Arabia, and South Korea. Participants were consenting adults (aged ≥18 …

Control of pyrethroid-resistant Anopheles gambiae s.l. with Sovrenta® 15WP, a new isoxazoline insecticide for indoor residual spraying.

INTRODUCTION: An expanded portfolio of more effective WHO-prequalified insecticides for indoor residual sparing (IRS) is needed to provide a … gainst wild free-flying pyrethroid-resistant An. gambiae sl at the Covè experimental hut station in Benin. Mosquito mortality was recorded every 24 h for up to 168 h post-exposure. Sovrenta® 15 WP was compared to Actellic® 300CS, a WHO/PQ-listed pirimiphos-methyl IRS insecticide applied at 1000 mg a.i./m2 RESULTS: In laboratory cone bioassays, Sovrenta® …

A systematic review of the epidemiology and the public health implications of stroke in Sub-Saharan Africa.

BACKGROUND: With approximately 11 million strokes occurring annually worldwide, and over 6.5 million deaths annually, stroke has made its pl … ow as 10.9% in Cameroon. Few studies reported on the economic costs of stroke in the region; two in Benin, two in Nigeria and one in Tanzania. CONCLUSION: The increasing incidence/prevalence, lifestyle factors and interactions with other diseases, including major communicable diseases, stroke is becoming a pressing public health problem for SSA. Reduci …

Leveraging Polio Geographic Information System Platforms in the African Region for Mitigating COVID-19 Contact Tracing and Surveillance Challenges: Viewpoint.

BACKGROUND: The ongoing COVID-19 pandemic in Africa is an urgent public health crisis. Estimated models projected over 150,000 deaths and 4, … g app and platform were piloted between April and June 2020; they were then put to use in Zimbabwe, Benin, Cameroon, Uganda, Nigeria, and South Sudan, and their use has generated some palpable successes with respect to COVID-19 surveillance. However, the COVID-19 health facility-based surveillance app has been used more extensively, as it has been used …

Is it time to use nucleic acid amplification tests for identification of persons with sexually transmitted infections?: evidence from seroprevalence and behavioral epidemiology risk surveys in men with chlamydia and gonorrhea.

Chlamydia and gonorrhea are common sexually transmitted infections (STIs) that can cause multiple problems, and can be easily treated, but frequently present without symptoms. Because of this, commonly used syndromic diagnosis misses a majority of infected persons. Previously, diagnostic tests were expensive and invasive, but newer nucleic-acid amplification tests (NAATs) are available that use urine to non-invasively test for these infections. These analyses used data from seroprevalence studies conducted in five militaries. Data included self-reported current symptoms of STIs as well as chla

Outpatient management of fever in children with sickle cell disease (SCD) in an African setting.

Because hospitalization and intravenous antibiotics for treatment of a potentially fatal bacterial infection in febrile children with sickle cell disease (SCD) are difficult to apply, outpatient treatment has been considered in developed countries for selected patients. Eligibility criteria and procedures may differ in developing countries because of unique economic and social conditions. After clinical evaluation within 36 hr of the onset of a fever exceeding 38.5 degrees C, children with SCD who are being closely followed as a part of a SCD cohort in Cotonou (West Africa), were treated as ou

Spatial epidemiology of malaria by bed net utilization in 19 sub-Saharan African countries: a DHS-based study (2013-2023).

BACKGROUND: Malaria remains a major public health concern in Sub-Saharan Africa, where prevention efforts such as insecticide-treated nets ( … 159, Z-score = 239.06, p ≤ 0.001). Hotspot areas identified by the Getis-Ord Gi* statistic included Benin, Burkina Faso, Togo, Uganda, Rwanda, and parts of Republic of the Congo and Mozambique. SaTScan analysis detected 34 significant malaria clusters overall, with 23 clusters among no bed net users, 25 among ITN users, and 12 among untreated bed net us …

Cancer survival in sub-Saharan Africa (SURVCAN-3): a population-based study.

BACKGROUND: The Cancer Survival in Africa, Asia, and South America project (SURVCAN-3) of the International Agency for Research on Cancer aims to fill gaps in the availability of population-level cancer survival estimates from countries in these regions. Here, we analysed survival for 18 cancers using data from member registries of the African Cancer Registry Network across 11 countries in sub-Saharan Africa. METHODS: We included data on patients diagnosed with 18 cancer types between Jan 1, 2005, and Dec 31, 2014, from 13 population-based cancer registries in Cotonou (Benin), Abidjan (CÔte d…

The Prevalence of Prostate Cancer Among Young Men Below 55 Years of Age in Nigeria.

IntroductionProstate cancer is the most common cancer in men. It was initially a disease of older men above the age of 55 years. Of recent, there has been reports of increase in the number of young men MethodsData on the prevalence of young men ResultsIn 4864 men diagnosed with malignancies before age 55, PCa was the second common, following liver cancer. Out of a total of 4091 cases of PCa in all age groups, 355 were diagnosed in men ConclusionsPCa is the second most common cancer in young Nigerian men aged< 55 years preceded by liver cancer. The proportion of young men with PCa was 8.86%. It

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… 106 126 136 105 56 28 27 16.77 NAUTH 2009–2016 743 0 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 9 9 21 42 86 134 152 138 103 47 18.16 Yenagoa 2009–2016 56 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 5 1 8 8 16 11 5 1 1.37 Maiduguri 2016 39 0 0 0 0 0 2 0 0 0 0 4 11 4 8 4 3 3 .95 Calabar 2009–2016 188 0 0 0 0 0 1 0 0 2 9 12 15 47 35 27 20 10 10 4.60 Benin … | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 5 | 1 | 8 | 8 | 16 | 11 | 5 | 1 | 1.37 Maiduguri 2016 | 39 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | | 4 | 11 | 4 | 8 | 4 | 3 | 3 | .95 Calabar 2009–2016 | 188 | 0 | 0 | | 0 | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 | 2 | 9 | 12 | 15 | 47 | 35 | 27 | 20 | 10 | 10 | 4.60 Benin …

Comparing Intravenous Labetalol and Intravenous Hydralazine for Managing Severe Gestational Hypertension.

Background Hypertensive disorders of pregnancy are the leading causes of both maternal morbidity and maternal mortality. Hypertensive disord … conducted in the labor, delivery, and antenatal ward of the Central and Stella Obasanjo Hospital in Benin City. A total of 120 women with severe pregnancy-induced hypertension were randomly assigned to two groups: Group X, consisting of 60 pregnant women, received IV hydralazine at a slow rate of 5 mg for five minutes, repeated every 20 minutes (maximum …

Ferroquine and artesunate in African adults and children with Plasmodium falciparum malaria: a phase 2, multicentre, randomised, double-blind, dose-ranging, non-inferiority study.

BACKGROUND: Artemisinin-based combination therapies (ACTs) are the recommended first-line treatment for uncomplicated Plasmodium falciparum malaria. Ferroquine is a new combination partner for fast-acting ACTs such as artesunate. We aimed to assess different doses of ferroquine in combination with artesunate against uncomplicated P falciparum malaria in a heterogeneous population in Africa. METHODS: We did a phase 2, multicentre, parallel-group, double-blind, randomised, dose-ranging non-inferiority trial at eight African hospitals (two in Gabon, three in Burkina Faso, one in Benin, and two i…

Azithromycin use in labour to prevent sepsis among pregnant women undergoing vaginal delivery in Nigeria (AZIN-V): a study protocol for a hybrid type 2 effectiveness-implementation trial.

INTRODUCTION: Nigeria has the highest number of maternal deaths globally, and maternal peripartum sepsis is one of the leading causes of mat … y of Ilorin Teaching Hospital Health Research Ethics Committee: ERC/PAN/2025/03/0581; University of Benin Teaching Hospital Health Research Ethics Committee: ADM/E22/A/VOL. VII/483117141; Aminu Kano Teaching Hospital Research Ethics Committee: AKTH/MAC/SUB/12 A/P-3/VI/2509 and Irrua Specialist Teaching Hospital Research Ethics Committee: ISTH/HREC/20241 …

[Evaluation of the lifetime of nail markings during polio vaccinations in Chad].

BACKGROUND: SID (Supplemental Immunization Days) is a special strategy intended to accelerate eradication of poliomyelitis in countries where it is still endemic (India, Afghanistan, and Pakistan in Asia, and Nigeria in Africa). This strategy is also applied in Nigeria's neighbours (Cameroon, Chad, Niger and Benin). Since the poliomyelitis virus was imported from Nigeria in 2001, Chad has reported cases of poliomyelitis every year. After 30 SIDs in Chad and the inaccurate or false attribution of side-effects to polio vaccines, some groups persistently refuse polio vaccination. To ascertain the…

Burden of malaria in pregnancy among adolescent girls compared to adult women in 5 sub-Saharan African countries: A secondary individual participant data meta-analysis of 2 clinical trials.

BACKGROUND: Malaria is among the top causes of death in adolescent girls (10 to 19 years) globally. Adolescent motherhood is associated with … ucted using data from 5,804 pregnant women participating in 2 malaria prevention clinical trials in Benin, Gabon, Kenya, Mozambique, and Tanzania between 2009 and 2014. Of the sample, 1,201 participants were adolescent girls with a mean age of 17.5 years (standard deviation (SD) 1.3) and 886 (73.8%) of them primigravidae. Among the 4,603 adult women wit …

Mechanisms and causes of death after abdominal surgery in low-income and middle-income countries: a secondary analysis of the FALCON trial.

BACKGROUND: Death after surgery is devasting for patients, families, and communities, but remains common in low-income and middle-income countries (LMICs). We aimed to use high-quality data from an existing global randomised trial to describe the causes and mechanisms of postoperative mortality in LMICs. To do so, we developed a novel framework, learning from both existing classification systems and emerging insights during data analysis. METHODS: This study was a preplanned secondary analysis of the FALCON trial in 54 hospitals across seven LMICs (Benin, Ghana, India, Mexico, Nigeria, Rwanda…

The global HIV response at 40.

It is helpful to divide the global HIV response into three phases: The first, from about 1980 to 2000, represents "Calamity". The second, fr … ncing recipient - ranks 126th of 157 countries, below Haiti, Ghana, the Congo Republic, Senegal and Benin. Consider how many recipients of major HIV development finance fall into the bottom fifth: Namibia, Botswana, Eswatini (formerly Swaziland), Malawi, South Africa, Tanzania, Zambia, Uganda, Lesotho, Ethiopia, Mozambique, Cote D'Ivoire and Nigeria. Of …