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Overview on Molecular Biomarkers for Laryngeal Cancer: Looking for New Answers to an Old Problem.

Laryngeal squamous cell cancer (LSCC) accounts for almost 25-30% of all head and neck squamous cell cancers and is clustered according to the affected districts, as this determines distinct tendency to recur and metastasize. A major role for numerous genetic alterations in driving the onset and progression of this neoplasm is emerging. However, major efforts are still required for the identification of molecular markers useful for both early diagnosis and prognostic definition of LSCC that is still characterized by significant morbidity and mortality. Non-coding RNAs appear the most promising

Targeting fibrosis, mechanisms and cilinical trials.

Fibrosis is characterized by the excessive extracellular matrix deposition due to dysregulated wound and connective tissue repair response. Multiple organs can develop fibrosis, including the liver, kidney, heart, and lung. Fibrosis such as liver cirrhosis, idiopathic pulmonary fibrosis, and cystic fibrosis caused substantial disease burden. Persistent abnormal activation of myofibroblasts mediated by various signals, such as transforming growth factor, platelet-derived growth factor, and fibroblast growh factor, has been recongized as a major event in the occurrence and progression of fibrosi

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… Pei G Yao Y Yang Q Lymphangiogenesis in kidney and lymph node mediates renal inflammation and fibrosis Sci. Adv. 2019 5 eaaw5075 10.1126/sciadv.aaw5075 31249871 PMC6594767 22. Majo J Klinkhammer BM Boor P Tiniakos D Pathology and natural history of organ fibrosis Curr. Opin. …

Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in

A Systematic Review of Glioblastoma-Targeted Therapies in Phases II, III, IV Clinical Trials.

Glioblastoma (GBM), the most frequent and aggressive glial tumor, is currently treated as first line by the Stupp protocol, which combines, after surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. For recurrent GBM, in absence of standard treatment or available clinical trials, various protocols including cytotoxic drugs and/or bevacizumab are currently applied. Despite these heavy treatments, the mean overall survival of patients is under 18 months. Many clinical studies are underway. Based on clinicaltrials.org and conducted up to 1 April 2020, this review lists, not only main, but all targeted therapi

Inflammation in cancer: therapeutic opportunities from new insights.

As one part of the innate immune response to external stimuli, chronic inflammation increases the risk of various cancers, and tumor-promoting inflammation is considered one of the enabling characteristics of cancer development. Recently, there has been growing evidence on the role of anti-inflammation therapy in cancer prevention and treatment. And researchers have already achieved several noteworthy outcomes. In the review, we explored the underlying mechanisms by which inflammation affects the occurrence and development of cancer. The pro- or anti-tumor effects of these inflammatory factors

Monoclonal Antibodies Approved for Cancer Therapy

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… VEGFR-3 (Flt4) mediates lymphangiogenesis in response to VEGF-C and VEGF-D. Targets for bevacizumab, ramucirumab, and small molecule receptor tyrosine kinase inhibitors are shown. …

PI3K/AKT сигнализирующий путь: молекулярный перекресток в опухоли и терапевтические инновации.

PI3K/AKT сигнализирующий путь служит центральным регулирующим узлом, регулирующим основные клеточные процессы, включая рост, распространение, метаболизм, выживание и миграцию. В контексте развития опухоли и рака аберральная активация этого пути приводит к злокачественным преобразованиям, усиливает инвазивный и метастатический потенциал и оказывает сопротивление терапевтическому вмешательству, что в конечном счете приводит к прогрессированию опухоли и более низким клиническим результатам. В этом исследовании всесторонне изучается ИП3К/АКТ, сигнализирующий о его причастности к различным человече

Cancer Metabolism as a Therapeutic Target and Review of Interventions.

Cancer is amenable to low-cost treatments, given that it has a significant metabolic component, which can be affected through diet and lifestyle change at minimal cost. The Warburg hypothesis states that cancer cells have an altered cell metabolism towards anaerobic glycolysis. Given this metabolic reprogramming in cancer cells, it is possible to target cancers metabolically by depriving them of glucose. In addition to dietary and lifestyle modifications which work on tumors metabolically, there are a panoply of nutritional supplements and repurposed drugs associated with cancer prevention and

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… Mechanism Its anticancer activity involves the reversal of P-glycoprotein-mediated chemoresistance, modulation of the Hedgehog, mTOR, and Wnt/β-catenin pathways, angiogenesis and lymphangiogenesis inhibition, and potential interference with cancer-stromal interactions [ 150 ]. …

The dual balance of the cytokine network: key messengers of immune activation and triggers of cytokine storm.

The cytokine network is the central regulatory system for intercellular communication within the immune system. Its proper function depends on the dynamic balance between pro-inflammatory and anti-inflammatory cytokines. Through complex positive and negative feedback loops, this balance precisely regulates the intensity and duration of immune responses, thereby playing a critical role in both physiological and pathological states. This review systematically summarizes the compositional features and classification framework of the cytokine network, as well as the mechanisms by which it maintain

The Role of Plant-Derived Natural Products as a Regulator of the Tyrosine Kinase Pathway in the Management of Lung Cancer.

One of the most common malignant tumors worldwide is lung cancer, and it is associated with the highest death rate among all cancers. Traditional treatment options for lung cancer include radiation, chemotherapy, targeted therapy, and surgical resection. However, the survival rate is low, and the outlook is still dreadfully dire. The pursuit of a paradigm change in treatment approaches is, therefore, imperative. Tyrosine kinases (TKs), a subclass of protein kinases, regulate vital cellular function by phosphorylating tyrosine residues in proteins. Mutations, overexpression, and autocrine parac

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… Lung cancer metastasis is a highly complex process that involves the lung cancer microenvironment and lung cancer stem cells (LCSCs) as well as a variety of processes such as EMT development, angiogenesis, and lymphangiogenesis. …

Natural Products as Anticancer Agents: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Natural products have been an invaluable and useful source of anticancer agents over the years. Several compounds have been synthesized from natural products by modifying their structures or by using naturally occurring compounds as building blocks in the synthesis of these compounds for various purposes in different fields, such as biology, medicine, and engineering. Multiple modern and costly treatments have been applied to combat cancer and limit its lethality, but the results are not significantly refreshing. Natural products, which are a significant source of new therapeutic drugs, are cu

Circular RNAs in cancer.

Circular RNA (circRNA), a subtype of noncoding RNA, has emerged as a significant focus in RNA research due to its distinctive covalently closed loop structure. CircRNAs play pivotal roles in diverse physiological and pathological processes, functioning through mechanisms such as miRNAs or proteins sponging, regulation of splicing and gene expression, and serving as translation templates, particularly in the context of various cancers. The hallmarks of cancer comprise functional capabilities acquired during carcinogenesis and tumor progression, providing a conceptual framework that elucidates t

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… morphological alterations and changes in cell‐cell or cell‐matrix interactions, accompanied by dysregulation of E‐cadherin, N‐cadherin, and extracellular proteases. 1 , 22 , 125 EMT is arguably essential for modulating invasion and metastasis. 22 The upregulated circFNDC3B in OSCC promotes EMT and lymphangiogenesis …

Targeting cytokine and chemokine signaling pathways for cancer therapy.

Cytokines are critical in regulating immune responses and cellular behavior, playing dual roles in both normal physiology and the pathology of diseases such as cancer. These molecules, including interleukins, interferons, tumor necrosis factors, chemokines, and growth factors like TGF-β, VEGF, and EGF, can promote or inhibit tumor growth, influence the tumor microenvironment, and impact the efficacy of cancer treatments. Recent advances in targeting these pathways have shown promising therapeutic potential, offering new strategies to modulate the immune system, inhibit tumor progression, and o

Mechanisms of resistance to tyrosine kinase inhibitor-targeted therapy and overcoming strategies.

Tyrosine kinase inhibitor (TKI)-targeted therapy has revolutionized cancer treatment by selectively blocking specific signaling pathways crucial for tumor growth, offering improved outcomes with fewer side effects compared with conventional chemotherapy. However, despite their initial effectiveness, resistance to TKIs remains a significant challenge in clinical practice. Understanding the mechanisms underlying TKI resistance is paramount for improving patient outcomes and developing more effective treatment strategies. In this review, we explored various mechanisms contributing to TKI resistan

Haematological Diseases in the Tropics

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… Although the prime role of platelets is in haemostasis, several other important roles have been recognized in recent years including wound repair, tissue healing, antimicrobicidal properties, lymphangiogenesis, tumour metastasization and maintenance of blood vessel integrity. …

ISEV2019 Abstract Book

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Tumor biomarkers for diagnosis, prognosis and targeted therapy.

Tumor biomarkers, the substances which are produced by tumors or the body's responses to tumors during tumorigenesis and progression, have been demonstrated to possess critical and encouraging value in screening and early diagnosis, prognosis prediction, recurrence detection, and therapeutic efficacy monitoring of cancers. Over the past decades, continuous progress has been made in exploring and discovering novel, sensitive, specific, and accurate tumor biomarkers, which has significantly promoted personalized medicine and improved the outcomes of cancer patients, especially advances in molecu

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… growth, and ultimately promotes rapid tumor cell proliferation and migration. 406 VEGFR-3 has similar functions to VEGFR-2, but its action site is mainly in the lymphatic blood vessels. 401 , 415 VEGFR-3 is expressed in the lymphatic endothelial cells 415 and mainly binds to VEGF-C and VEGF-D to induce lymphangiogenesis …

UMIB Summit 2015

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ISEV2018 абстрактная книга

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62nd Annual Conference of the Indian Society of Gastroenterology, February 10th - 13th, 2022, Pune.

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… Keywords ATP7B, Genotype-phenotype, Metabolic liver disease, Wilson disease, WD Young Investigator Award Session 007 Gut lymphangiogenesis modulates gut immunity and attenuates systemic inflammation in decompensated cirrhosis Pinky Juneja 1 , Dinesh Tripathi 1 , Impreet Kaur 1 , Sumati Rohilla 1 … Conclusion Targeted gut and mesenteric lymphangiogenesis leading to an improved functional lymphatic drainage and gut immunity may serve as an emerging therapy for patients with decompensated cirrhosis. …