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Histone Deacetylases (HDACs) Guided Novel Therapies for T-cell lymphomas.

T-cell lymphomas are a heterogeneous group of cancers with different pathogenesis and poor prognosis. Histone deacetylases (HDACs) are epigenetic modifiers that modulate many key biological processes. In recent years, HDACs have been fully investigated for their roles and potential as drug targets in T-cell lymphomas. In this review, we have deciphered the modes of action of HDACs, HDAC inhibitors as single agents, and HDACs guided combination therapies in T-cell lymphomas. The overview of HDACs on the stage of T-cell lymphomas, and HDACs guided therapies both as single agents and combination

Hypoxia-Inducible Factor-1: A Novel Therapeutic Target for the Management of Cancer, Drug Resistance, and Cancer-Related Pain.

Hypoxia-inducible factor-1 (HIF-1) is a key transcription factor that regulates the transcription of many genes that are responsible for the adaptation and survival of tumor cells in hypoxic environments. Over the past few decades, tremendous efforts have been made to comprehensively understand the role of HIF-1 in tumor progression. Based on the pivotal roles of HIF-1 in tumor biology, many HIF-1 inhibitors interrupting expression, stabilization, DNA binding properties, or transcriptional activity have been identified as potential therapeutic agents for various cancers, yet none of these inhi

Деменция, расстройства настроения и старение.

С повышением возраста и продолжительности жизни в мире как в развитых, так и в развивающихся странах риск развития когнитивных потерь и расстройств настроения значительно возрастает в той мере, в какой после достижения возраста 65, этот риск почти удваивает каждый 5 Спустя годы. В результате, соответствующий рост неинфекционных заболеваний поразит людей со слабоумием и расстройствами настроения, связанными с болезнью Альцгеймера, множественным склерозом, депрессией и тревогой. На клинической основе многочисленные факторы риска и представления, которые связаны с утратой интеллектуальных способн

Изучение протеомных иммунопрофилей: общие неврологические и иммунологические пути в множестве склерозов и типов 1 Болит диабет.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Интерес к изучению типа 1 Уровень сахарного диабета (T1DM) и множественного склероза (MS) возрос в связи с их значительным негативным воздействием на качество жизни пациентов и серьезными последствиями для системы здравоохранения. Хотя клинические симптомы T1DM отличаются от таких симптомов MS, как поджелудочная неисправность β-клеток в T1DM и демиелинация в центральной нервной системе (CNS) в MS, обе патологии рассматриваются в качестве аутоиммунных заболеваний с общими патогенными путями, которые включают, в частности, автофагию, воспаление и дегенерацию. Учитывая труд

Aplidin (plitidepsin) is a novel anti-myeloma agent with potent anti-resorptive activity mediated by direct effects on osteoclasts.

Despite recent progress in its treatment, Multiple Myeloma (MM) remains incurable and its associated bone disease persists even after complete remission. Thus, identification of new therapeutic agents that simultaneously suppress MM growth and protect bone is an unmet need. Herein, we examined the effects of Aplidin, a novel anti-cancer marine-derived compound, on MM and bone cells. In vitro, Aplidin potently inhibited MM cell growth and induced apoptosis, effects that were enhanced by dexamethasone (Dex) and bortezomib (Btz). Aplidin modestly reduced osteocyte/osteoblast viability and decreas

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… Mechanistic studies revealed that these protective effects of Btz are due to inhibition of osteocyte apoptosis and autophagic cell death [ 26 ]. …

Predicting new drug indications for prostate cancer: The integration of an in silico proteochemometric network pharmacology platform with patient-derived primary prostate cells.

BackgroundDrug repurposing enables the discovery of potential cancer treatments using publically available data from over 4000 published Food and Drug Administration approved and experimental drugs. However, the ability to effectively evaluate the drug's efficacy remains a challenge. Impediments to broad applicability include inaccuracies in many of the computational drug-target algorithms and a lack of clinically relevant biologic modeling systems to validate the computational data for subsequent translation.MethodsWe have integrated our computational proteochemometric systems network pharmac

Targeting Abnormal Hematopoietic Stem Cells in Chronic Myeloid Leukemia and Philadelphia Chromosome-Negative Classical Myeloproliferative Neoplasms.

Myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are unique hematopoietic stem cell disorders sharing mutations that constitutively activate the signal-transduction pathways involved in haematopoiesis. They are characterized by stem cell-derived clonal myeloproliferation. The key MPNs comprise chronic myeloid leukemia (CML), polycythemia vera (PV), essential thrombocythemia (ET), and primary myelofibrosis (PMF). CML is defined by the presence of the Philadelphia (Ph) chromosome and BCR-ABL1 fusion gene. Despite effective cytoreductive agents and targeted therapy, complete CML/MPN stem cell eradication is r

Targeting the ubiquitin-proteasome system: a novel therapeutic strategy for neuroblastoma.

Neuroblastoma (NB) stands as a common and formidable malignant tumor among children, characterized by marked tumor heterogeneity and resistance to conventional treatments. Central to the regulation of protein stability, localization, and function is the process of ubiquitination-a critical protein modification. The therapeutic potential of drugs that target deubiquitination, demonstrated in the treatment of refractory multiple myeloma, warrants investigation in the context of NB. This review endeavors to demystify the intricate biological implications of ubiquitination within NB pathology, syn

Circadian clock and cancer.

Circadian rhythms play a critical role in regulating physiological and behavioral processes, such as the sleep-wake cycle, hormone secretion, and metabolism. These rhythms are controlled by endogenous biological clocks, which are synchronized with environmental cues, primarily the light-dark cycle. Notably, disruption or reprogramming of circadian rhythms is closely associated with cancer initiation, progression, and treatment response. At the molecular level, the dysregulation of core clock genes can disturb normal cellular rhythms, leading to aberrant cell proliferation, impaired DNA repair,

Computational study of SENP1 in cancer by novel natural compounds and ZINC database screening.

Introduction: Sentrin-specific protease 1 (SENP1) is a protein whose main function is deSUMOylation. SENP1 inhibits apoptosis, and increases angiogenesis, estrogen and androgen receptor transcription and c-Jun transcription factor, proliferation, growth, cell migration, and invasion of cancer. The in vivo and in vitro studies also demonstrated which natural compounds, especially phytochemicals, minerals, and vitamins, prevent cancer. More than 3,000 plant species have been reported in modern medicine. Natural compounds have many anti-cancerous andanti-turmeric properties such as antioxidative,

Роль и функции " Ирисина " : перспективы последних изменений и неевродегенеративных заболеваний.

Irisin — пептид, полученный из фибронектина типа III, содержащего домен белка 5 (FNDC5) и производимый главным образом мышечными волокнами в соответствии с регулированием пероксисомных прорациатрированных рецепторов гамма-коативатора 1-альфа (PGC1α) во время упражнения. Ирисин стал объектом обширных исследований в силу его потенциала как метаболического регулятора и его антиоксидантных свойств. В частности, она связана с защитными действиями в мозгу. Несмотря на растущий интерес, остается много вопросов относительно молекулярных механизмов, лежащих в основе их воздействия. В настоящем обзоре р

HOTTIP Predicts Poor Survival in Gastric Cancer Patients and Contributes to Cisplatin Resistance by Sponging miR-216a-5p.

Gastric cancer (GC) is a significant public health burden worldwide, and cisplatin resistance is the leading cause for the failure of chemotherapy in this disease. Previous studies have revealed that HOXA transcript at the distal tip (HOTTIP) is involved in the pathology of GC and is associated with poor overall survival. However, the functional role of HOTTIP in GC chemoresistance remains unclear. In this study, quantitative real-time PCR was used to analyze HOTTIP expression in GC cell lines and in tissues of GC patients who received cisplatin-based chemotherapy. The mechanism of HOTTIP-medi

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… A functionalized single-walled carbon nanotube-induced autophagic cell death in human lung cells through Akt-TSC2-mTOR signaling. Cell Death. Dis. 2:e159. 10.1038/cddis.2011.27 Mehrpour M., Esclatine A., Beau I., Codogno P. (2010). Overview of macroautophagy regulation in mammalian cells. …

Update on current diagnosis and management of anaplastic thyroid carcinoma.

Well-differentiated thyroid carcinoma has a favorable prognosis with a 5-year survival rate of over 95%. However, the undifferentiated or anaplastic type accounting for < 0.2%, usually in elderly individuals, exhibits a dismal prognosis with rapid growth and disappointing outcomes. It is the most aggressive form of thyroid carcinoma, with a median survival of 5 mo and poor quality of life (airway obstruction, dysphagia, hoarseness, persistent pain). Early diagnosis and staging are crucial. Diagnostic tools include biopsy (fine needle aspiration, core needle, open surgery), high-resolution ultr

Progress on the Application of Bortezomib and Bortezomib-Based Nanoformulations.

Bortezomib (BTZ) is the first proteasome inhibitor approved by the Food and Drug Administration. It can bind to the amino acid residues of the 26S proteasome, thereby causing the death of tumor cells. BTZ plays an irreplaceable role in the treatment of mantle cell lymphoma and multiple myeloma. Moreover, its use in the treatment of other hematological cancers and solid tumors has been investigated in numerous clinical trials and preclinical studies. Nevertheless, the applications of BTZ are limited due to its insufficient specificity, poor permeability, and low bioavailability. Therefore, in r

Roles and Clinical Significances of ATF6, EMC6, and APAF1 in Prognosis of Pancreatic Cancer.

Background: Pancreatic cancer (PC) is prevalent among malignant tumors with poor prognosis and lacks efficient therapeutic strategies. Endoplasmic reticulum (ER) stress and apoptosis are associated with chronic inflammation and cancer progression. However, the prognostic value of ER stress-related, and apoptosis-related genes in PC remains to be further elucidated. Our study aimed at confirming the prognostic values of the ER stress-related genes, ATF6, EMC6, XBP1, and CHOP, and the apoptosis-related gene, APAF1, in PC patients. Methods: Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis 2 (GEPIA2

New Insights into the Relationship between Gut Microbiota and Radiotherapy for Cancer.

Cancer is the second most common cause of death among humans in the world, and the threat that it presents to human health is becoming more and more serious. The mechanisms of cancer development have not yet been fully elucidated, and new therapies are changing with each passing day. Evidence from the literature has validated the finding that the composition and modification of gut microbiota play an important role in the development of many different types of cancer. The results also demonstrate that there is a bidirectional interaction between the gut microbiota and radiotherapy treatments f

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… Some studies have found that X-ray irradiation can significantly induce autophagy in parental cells, while radiation-tolerant cells rarely undergo autophagic cell death, suggesting that cell radiation sensitivity is related to autophagic cell death [ 139 ]. …

Cellular zinc metabolism and zinc signaling: from biological functions to diseases and therapeutic targets.

Zinc metabolism at the cellular level is critical for many biological processes in the body. A key observation is the disruption of cellular homeostasis, often coinciding with disease progression. As an essential factor in maintaining cellular equilibrium, cellular zinc has been increasingly spotlighted in the context of disease development. Extensive research suggests zinc's involvement in promoting malignancy and invasion in cancer cells, despite its low tissue concentration. This has led to a growing body of literature investigating zinc's cellular metabolism, particularly the functions of

Роли глюкагонового пептида 1 Агонисты-рецепторы в биологии иммунных клеток и аутоиммунных/аутоинфлампмидативных заболеваниях.

Глукагон-подобный peptide-1 (В тыс.GLP-1) — гормон, полученный кишечником, необходимый для поддержания глюкозы гомеостаза через многочисленные физиологические пути: инсулина, ингибирующего секрецию глюкагонов, замедляющего опустошение желудочков, усиливающего чувство полноты и подавляющего аппетит. С тех пор GLP-1 может разлагаться при помощи дипептидила пептидаза 4, GLP-1 рецепторные агонисты (GLP-1RAs) были разработаны для решения этой проблемы деградации. В настоящее время GLP-1RAs стали высокоэффективными методами лечения для управления типом 2 сахарный диабет и ожирение. Помимо их хорошо

The role of lncRNA NEAT1 in human cancer chemoresistance.

Chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective methods in clinical cancer treatment. However, chemotherapy resistance is an important reason for poor chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis, which has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, it is very important to deeply study and analyze the mechanism of cancer chemotherapy resistance and its regulatory factors. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (LncRNA NEAT1) has been shown to be closely associated with chemotherapy resistance in cancer. NEAT1 induces cancer cell resi

The Complexities of Diagnosis with Co-Existing Gaucher Disease and Hemato-Oncology-A Case Report and Review of the Literature.

Hematological abnormalities are the most common early symptoms of Gaucher disease (GD), with an increased risk of hematopoietic system malignancies reported in patients with GD. GD may be associated with monoclonal and polyclonal gammopathies; however, the mechanism of association of GD with multiple myeloma (MM) remains uncertain. Enzyme replacement therapy (ERT) has been shown to improve patients' cytopenia and it seems to facilitate anti-myeloma therapy in patients with co-occurring GD and MM. Although it is necessary to demonstrate the deficiency of enzymatic activity, as well as using gen

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… What is also worth noting is the importance of glucocerebrosidase (Gcase) in the process of autophagic cell death (as a positive mediator). …