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Устные бесплатные бумажные сессии.

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Обязательный экзамен по патологии: лишний или необходимый?

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Amino acid metabolism in immune cells: essential regulators of the effector functions, and promising opportunities to enhance cancer immunotherapy.

Amino acids are basic nutrients for immune cells during organ development, tissue homeostasis, and the immune response. Regarding metabolic reprogramming in the tumor microenvironment, dysregulation of amino acid consumption in immune cells is an important underlying mechanism leading to impaired anti-tumor immunity. Emerging studies have revealed that altered amino acid metabolism is tightly linked to tumor outgrowth, metastasis, and therapeutic resistance through governing the fate of various immune cells. During these processes, the concentration of free amino acids, their membrane bound tr

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… Urothelial Cancer NCT03374488 III Completed BMS-986205 Biological: Relatlimab Biological: Nivolumab Advanced Cancer NCT03459222 I/II Recruiting Biological: Nivolumab Radiation: Radiation Therapy Drug: Temozolomide Glioblastoma NCT04047706 I Recruiting Drug: Nivolumab Endometrial Adenocarcinoma, Endometrial Carcinosarcoma … III | Completed BMS-986205 | Biological: Relatlimab Biological: Nivolumab | Advanced Cancer | NCT03459222 | I/II | Recruiting Biological: Nivolumab Radiation: Radiation Therapy Drug: Temozolomide | Glioblastoma | NCT04047706 | I | Recruiting Drug: Nivolumab | Endometrial Adenocarcinoma, Endometrial Carcinosarcoma …

Imaging of abdominal and pelvic infections in the cancer patient.

Infections are the most commonly encountered complications in patients with cancer. The classical signs and symptoms of infections are often not present in this patient population, which makes the diagnosis more challenging. Host factors play a major role in the development and prognosis of infections in cancer patients; these can be related to the underlying type of malignancy (solid organ versus hematological), tumor burden, anatomic obstruction, altered integrity of barriers (skin or mucosa), treatment-related factors (from chemotherapy, radiation treatment, surgery, interventional procedur

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… Fig. 22 Soft-tissue infection complicating radiation therapy in a 65-year-old woman with endometrial carcinosarcoma and type 2 diabetes mellitus. a Coronal reconstructed intravenous contrast-enhanced CT image of the pelvis demonstrates skin thickening and breakdown in the medial right thigh (arrowheads …

Rare Diseases of the Orbit.

This article provides an overview of rare orbital diseases. Congenital malformations, inflammatory diseases, benign and malignant neoplasias are described. Although it represents a relatively small area of the body the orbit contains multiple different tissues. Therefore, a great variety of diseases can be found within the orbital space. That is the reason, why both the completeness and the level of detail in the description of particular diseases must be somewhat limited. Nevertheless, clinical manifestations, important aspects of diagnosis, treatment strategies, and, when specific data are a

Ribosomal rodeo: wrangling translational machinery in gynecologic tumors.

Gynecologic cancers are a significant cause of morbidity and mortality among women worldwide. Despite advancements in diagnosis and treatment, the molecular mechanisms underlying the development and progression of these cancers remain poorly understood. Recent studies have implicated translational machinery (ribosomal proteins (RPs) and translation factors (TFs)) as potential drivers of oncogenic processes in various cancer types, including gynecologic cancers. RPs are essential components of the ribosome, which is responsible for protein synthesis. In this review paper, we aim to explore the

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… EC is classified into various histological subtypes, such as endometroid, serous, clear cell, mixed, undifferentiated, carcinosarcoma, mesonephric-like, and gastrointestinal mucinous, being endometroid is the most prevalent [ 12 ]. …

PLP2 Could Be a Prognostic Biomarker and Potential Treatment Target in Glioblastoma Multiforme.

ObjectiveThis study aimed to discern the association between PLP2 expression, its biological significance, and the extent of immune infiltration in human GBM.MethodsUtilizing the GEPIA2 and TCGA databases, we contrasted the expression levels of PLP2 in GBM against normal tissue. We utilized GEPIA2 and LinkedOmics for survival analysis, recognized genes co-expressed with PLP2 via cBioPortal and GEPIA2, and implemented GO and KEGG analyses. The STRING database facilitated the construction of protein-protein interaction networks. We evaluated the relationship of PLP2 with tumor immune infiltrates

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… PLP2 gene was significantly downregulated in Lymphoid Neoplasm Diffuse Large B-cell Lymphoma (DLBC), Pheochromocytoma and Paraganglioma (PCPG), Prostate adenocarcinoma (PRAD), Skin Cutaneous Melanoma (SKCM), Testicular Germ Cell Tumors (TGCT), Uterine Corpus Endometrial Carcinoma (UCEC), and Uterine Carcinosarcoma …

An overview of antibody-drug conjugates in oncological practice.

Antibody-drug conjugates (ADCs) are designed to manipulate the toxic efficacy of specific chemotherapeutic compounds, employing the high affinity of antibody-mediated delivery so as to drive them selectively to target cancer cells. These immunoconjugates encompass the general tendency towards precision medicine and avert the systemic toxicities of conventional chemotherapy, accomplishing an improved therapeutic index. Cumulative experience acquired from first-generation ADCs offers new perspectives to these promising therapeutic modalities for various hematological and solid cancers and propel

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… Front Oncol 2020 ; 10 : 118 . 32117765 10.3389/fonc.2020.00118 PMC7028697 75 Lopez S Perrone E Bellone S , et al Preclinical activity of sacituzumab govitecan (IMMU-132) in uterine and ovarian carcinosarcomas . …

Therapeutic Targeting of DNA Damage Repair in the Era of Precision Oncology and Immune Checkpoint Inhibitors.

Cancer manifestation is a multistep process involving accumulation of various genetic and epigenetic changes that results in oncogenic "hallmarks of cancer" processes including genomic instability. Exploitation of aberrant DNA-damage response (DDR) mechanisms in cancer is in part a goal of many therapeutic strategies, and recent evidence supports the role of targeting DDR in modulating the tumor immune microenvironment to enhance immunotherapeutic response. Improved cancer profiling, including next-generation and whole-genome mutational sequencing of tumor tissue, as well as circulating nuclei

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… HRR mutation and MSS | Olaparib + pembrolizumab + paclitaxel | PFS, ORR NCT05065021 | Ovarian cancer | Niraparib + dostarlimab | Biomarker-guided treatment, ORR, PFS, CA125 response rate, DCR NCT04713514 | Ovarian cancer | OSE2101 + pembrolizumab | PFS, ORR, OS NCT03651206 | Ovarian or endometrial carcinosarcoma …

Phosphodiesterase 7: a potential novel therapeutic target in ovarian cancer.

INTRODUCTION: Chemoresistance and disease relapses in epithelial ovarian cancer (EOC) highlight the need for novel therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated phosphodiesterase 7A (PDE7A) as a potential target in ovarian cancer treatment. METHODS: Gene expression was performed by RNA sequencing data comparing high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC) and fallopian tube samples. The PDE7 inhibitor BRL 50481, alone or combined with paclitaxel (PTX), was tested in drug-sensitive A2780 and multi-resistant OVCAR3 cells by Diphenyltetrazolium bromide (MTT) assay. To validate data from the high

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… proposed, in 2016, a dualistic model comprising two major groups of EOC: i) type I tumors, which include low-grade serous, endometrioid, clear cell and mucinous carcinomas, malignant Brenner tumor and seromucinous carcinoma; ii) type II tumors that encompass high-grade serous ovarian carcinoma (HGSOC), carcinosarcoma …

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors and the cancer patient: from diabetes to cardioprotection and beyond.

Sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i), a new drug class initially designed and approved for treatment of diabetes mellitus, have been shown to exert pleiotropic metabolic and direct cardioprotective and nephroprotective effects that extend beyond their glucose-lowering action. These properties prompted their use in two frequently intertwined conditions, heart failure and chronic kidney disease. Their unique mechanism of action makes SGLT2i an attractive option also to lower the rate of cardiac events and improve overall survival of oncological patients with preexisting cardiovascu

Current Status of 68Ga-Pentixafor in Solid Tumours.

Chemokine receptor CXCR4 is overexpressed in neoplasms and its expression is related to tumour invasion, metastasis and aggressiveness. 68Ga-Pentixafor is used to non-invasively image the expression of CXCR4 in tumours and has been widely used in haematological malignancies. Recent evidence shows that therapies targeting CXCR4 can increase the chemosensitivity of the tumour as well as inhibit tumour metastasis and aggressiveness. 68Ga-Pentixafor has shown promise as an elegant radiotracer to aid in the selection of patients whose tumours demonstrate CXCR4 overexpression and who therefore may b

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… CXCR4 is overexpressed in more than 30 types of human cancer, including uterine carcinosarcoma, lung squamous cell carcinoma, colorectal adenocarcinoma, pancreatic adenocarcinoma, bladder urothelial carcinoma, lung adenocarcinoma, breast cancer, melanoma and lymphoid neoplasms such as diffuse large B-cell …

Fucoidan Structure and Activity in Relation to Anti-Cancer Mechanisms.

Fucoidan is a natural derived compound found in different species of brown algae and in some animals, that has gained attention for its anticancer properties. However, the exact mechanism of action is currently unknown. Therefore, this review will address fucoidans structure, the bioavailability, and all known different pathways affected by fucoidan, in order to formulate fucoidans structure and activity in relation to its anti-cancer mechanisms. The general bioactivity of fucoidan is difficult to establish due to factors like species-related structural diversity, growth conditions, and the ex

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… The Effect of Fucoidan, a Potential New, Natural, Anti-Neoplastic Agent on Uterine Sarcomas and Carcinosarcoma Cell Lines: ENITEC Collaborative Study. Arch. Immunol. Ther. Exp. 2018 doi: 10.1007/s00005-019-00534-9. submitted for publication. 72. …

An Overview of Advances in Rare Cancer Diagnosis and Treatment.

Cancer stands as the leading global cause of mortality, with rare cancer comprising 230 distinct subtypes characterized by infrequent incidence. Despite the inherent challenges in addressing the diagnosis and treatment of rare cancers due to their low occurrence rates, several biomedical breakthroughs have led to significant advancement in both areas. This review provides a comprehensive overview of state-of-the-art diagnostic techniques that encompass new-generation sequencing and multi-omics, coupled with the integration of artificial intelligence and machine learning, that have revolutioniz

The "Road" to Malignant Transformation from Endometriosis to Endometriosis-Associated Ovarian Cancers (EAOCs): An mTOR-Centred Review.

Ovarian cancer is an umbrella term covering a number of distinct subtypes. Endometrioid and clear-cell ovarian carcinoma are endometriosis-associated ovarian cancers (EAOCs) frequently arising from ectopic endometrium in the ovary. The mechanistic target of rapamycin (mTOR) is a crucial regulator of cellular homeostasis and is dysregulated in both endometriosis and endometriosis-associated ovarian cancer, potentially favouring carcinogenesis across a spectrum from benign disease with cancer-like characteristics, through an atypical phase, to frank malignancy. In this review, we focus on mTOR d

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… DICE trial) has been initiated, investigating the addition of sapanisertib (TAK-228; an oral dual mTORC1/mTORC2 inhibitor) to paclitaxel in the treatment of advanced/recurrent epithelial ovarian, fallopian tube, or primary peritoneal cancer (clear-cell, endometrioid, and high-grade serous type, and carcinosarcoma …

34th Европейский конгресс патологии - резюме.

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Резюме: 31 Европейский конгресс патологии.

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Trial Watch: combination of tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) and immunotherapy.

The past decades witnessed the clinical employment of targeted therapies including but not limited to tyrosine kinase inhibitors (TKIs) that restrain a broad variety of pro-tumorigenic signals. TKIs can be categorized into (i) agents that directly target cancer cells, (ii) normalize angiogenesis or (iii) affect cells of the hematologic lineage. However, a clear distinction of TKIs based on this definition is limited by the fact that many TKIs designed to inhibit cancer cells have also effects on immune cells that are being discovered. Additionally, TKIs originally designed to target hematologi

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… Melanoma Merkel cell carcinoma Neuroendocrine tumors NSCLC Ovarian cancer Pancreatic cancer Peritoneal cancer Pleural mesothelioma Prostate cancer RCC Salivary gland cancer Sarcoma SCLC Serous adenocarcinoma Solid tumors Thyroid cancer TNBC Trabecular carcinoma of the skin Urothelial cancer Uterine carcinosarcoma …

Abscopal Effect in Radiation Therapy: The Immune Mechanisms and Clinical Advances.

The abscopal effect is a systemic antitumor response to localized radiotherapy (RT) that has emerged as a central focus in the era of immunotherapy. Clinical evidence demonstrates that local RT can induce regression of distant, nonirradiated metastases, including cases of complete remission. However, the effect remains unpredictable, with marked variation in clinical outcomes ranging from complete regression to paradoxical progression. The mechanistic basis for this heterogeneity and optimal strategies to enhance abscopal effects remain incompletely understood. This review synthesizes current

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… Okamoto K., Yoshio K., Shirakawa S., et al., “Pure Abscopal Effect in a Patient With Advanced Uterine Carcinosarcoma,” Radiology Case Reports 18 (2023): 2447–2451. 52. …

The Proceedings of the 19th International Cancer Imaging Society Meeting and Annual Teaching Course : Verona, Italy. 7 - 9 October 2019.

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… Uterine carcinosarcoma (UCS), also known as the malignant mixed mesodermal tumour or malignant mixed Müllerian tumour (MMMT), most commonly present as an endometrial mass with a prolonged enhancement that distends the endometrial cavity and endocervical canal, mimicking a myoma delivery [2]. … Diagnostic accuracy of 3.0T diffusion-weighted MRI for patients with uterine carcinosarcoma: Assessment of tumour extent and lymphatic metastasis. J Magn Reson Imaging. 2018;48:622-631. 3. Huang YL, Ueng SH, Chen K, Huang YT, Lu HY, Ng KK, et al. …