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MRI in the diagnosis of MS: a prospective study with comparison of clinical evaluation, evoked potentials, oligoclonal banding, and CT.

We compared the diagnostic capabilities of MRI to CT, evoked potentials (EP), and CSF oligoclonal banding analysis in a prospective evaluation of 200 patients with suspected multiple sclerosis (MS). MRI was the best method for demonstrating dissemination in space. An abnormal appropriate EP in monosymptomatic disease was usually supported by MRI and CSF analysis as being predictive of MS as a clinical diagnosis. A normal appropriate EP study was not satisfactory because MRI and CSF analysis often did not support a diagnosis of non-MS. When there is agreement between three of these paraclinical…

A genetic-epigenetic interplay at 1q21.1 locus underlies CHD1L-mediated vulnerability to primary progressive multiple sclerosis.

Multiple Sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease with an unpredictable course towards progressive disability. Treating progressive MS is challenging due to limited insights into the underlying mechanisms. We examined the molecular changes associated with primary progressive MS (PPMS) using a cross-tissue (blood and post-mortem brain) and multilayered data (genetic, epigenetic, transcriptomic) from independent cohorts. In PPMS, we found hypermethylation of the 1q21.1 locus, controlled by PPMS-specific genetic variations and influencing the expression of prox…

Effectiveness of blood flow-restricted slow walking on mobility in severe multiple sclerosis: A pilot randomized trial.

OBJECTIVE: We tested the safety, feasibility, and effectiveness of blood flow restriction-empowered low-intensity interval walking exercise (BFR-W) compared with conventional intensive overground walking (CON-W) at improving gait speed and functional capacity in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS) and severe gait disabilities. METHODS: 24 patients (58 ± 5 years; 7 males) with progressive MS (Expanded Disability Status Scale 5.5 - 6.5) were randomized to receive 12 rehabilitation sessions over 6 weeks. The BFR-W group (n = 12) performed interval walking (speed paced by a metronome that incre…

Changes in CB1 receptors in motor-related brain structures of chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis mice.

Recent studies have examined the changes in the activity of cannabinoid signaling system in multiple sclerosis (MS), as a way to explain the efficacy of cannabinoid compounds to alleviate spasticity, pain, tremor and other signs of this autoimmune disease. In the present study, we have further explored this issue by examining density, mRNA expression and activation of GTP-binding proteins for the cannabinoid CB1 receptor subtype in several brain structures of mice with chronic relapsing experimental allergic encephalomyelitis (CREAE), a chronic model of MS that reproduces many of the pathologi…

Recruitment of the multiple sclerosis cohort within the European Mobilise-D clinical validation study-lessons learnt, baseline demographics and clinical characteristics.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a common cause of disability in working age adults. Current clinical assessments are inadequate at disability assessment or predicting clinically relevant outcomes. Loss of mobility is an important functional disability to people with MS. Mobilise-D aims to develop, validate, and implement a digital mobility solution which measures unsupervised mobility performance across several chronic conditions, including MS, using a single wearable device. METHODS: Six hundred two adults with MS, an Expanded Disability Status Scale (EDSS) score of 3.0-6.5, documente…

Can Multiple Sclerosis be Managed Over a Lifetime? A Rare 72-Year Journey of Pediatric-Onset to Secondary Progressive Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system characterized by cumulative neurological disability over time. Median survival from symptom onset in large cohort studies is approximately four decades, although substantially prolonged disease courses are uncommon. Pediatric-onset MS (POMS), defined by symptom onset before age 18, accounts for 3%-5% of cases and may follow a prolonged but ultimately progressive trajectory. We report the case of an 83-year-old Iranian woman with an approximately 72-year history of MS, representing an exceptionally prolong…

Множественная склерозовая патофизиология: всеобъемлющий обзор генетических, экологических и иммунологических факторов.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой сложное хроническое нервное и нейро-дегенеративное расстройство центральной нервной системы. В этом всеобъемлющем обзоре обобщаются факты, свидетельствующие о том, что первостепенная задача в НР заключается в устранении разрыва между противовоспалительной терапией и неэффективными стратегиями нейрозащиты, что требует применения подхода, предусматривающего двойные цели. В этом документе рассматривается важнейшая роль генетической предрасположенности, при этом особое внимание уделяется аллее HLA-DRB1*15:01 и другим не связанным с HLA loci, а также эк

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, chronic neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder of the central nervous system. This comprehensive review synthesizes evidence to argue that the paramount challenge in MS is bridging the disconnect between anti-inflammatory therapies and ineffective neuroprotective strategies, necessitating a dual-target approach…

MicroBiota-Derived SCFAs in Multial Sclerosis: от иммунного приминга до нейродегенерации.

Множественный склероз (MS) — хроническое нервно-воспалительное и нейродегенеративное расстройство, характеризующееся обезвоживанием, аксоновым повреждением и широкомасштабным нарушением целостности центральной нервной системы (КНС). Клинически неоднородные и часто представленные в молодом возрасте, особенно среди женщин-МС, проявляются с нарушениями двигательных установок, когнитивными нарушениями, депрессией, усталостью, сексуальными и сенсорными дисфункциями и автономными нарушениями. Несмотря на достижения в иммунотерапии, в том числе в области борьбы с заболеваниями и моноклональными антит

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disorder characterized by demyelination, axonal injury, and widespread disruption of central nervous system (CNS) integrity. Clinically heterogeneous and often presenting in young adults-especially women-MS manifests with motor deficits, cognitive impairment, depres…

Comparison of multifocal visual evoked potential, standard automated perimetry and optical coherence tomography in assessing visual pathway in multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: Multifocal visual evoked potentials (mfVEP) measure local response amplitude and latency in the field of vision. OBJECTIVE: To compare the sensitivity of mfVEP, Humphrey visual field (HVF) and optical coherence tomography (OCT) in detecting visual abnormality in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. METHODS: mfVEP, HVF, and OCT (retinal nerve fiber layer [RNFL]) were performed in 47 MS-ON eyes (last optic neuritis [ON] attack >or=6 months prior) and 65 MS-no-ON eyes without ON history. Criteria to define an eye as abnormal were: (1) mfVEP amplitude/latency - either amplitude or laten…

Transorbital sonography reveals retrobulbar optic nerve neuroaxonal changes in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: The optic nerve (ON), as an extension of the central nervous system, reflects multiple sclerosis (MS) pathological processes. Transorbital sonography (TOS) is emerging as a novel technique to detect ON changes. Our aim was to investigate retrobulbar ON morphometric changes in MS and their relationship with prior history of optic neuritis. METHODS: 122 MS subjects were enrolled, 68 with and 54 without history of optic neuritis. ON diameters without and with sheath were measured at 3 mm (OND3 and ONSD3) and 5 mm (ONSD5) posterior to the optic disc; myelination index (MI=ONSD3/ONSD5)…

Роль растворимых биомаркеров в лечении множественных склерозов и нервно-воспалительных заболеваний.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой сложное хроническое заболевание с иммунной помощью, характеризующееся острым и прогрессивным воспалительным повреждением центральной нервной системы. MS проявляется клинически с непредсказуемыми неврологическими симптомами в результате точечных провокационных атак, а также постепенного нейродегенерации, что в значительной степени способствует долгосрочному развитию инвалидности. По мере развития методов лечения разработка более индивидуализированных стратегий охватывает различные механизмы травмирования, которые могут быть целенаправленными или про

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a complex, chronic immune-mediated disease characterized by acute and progressive inflammatory damage of the central nervous system. MS manifests clinically with unpredictable neurological symptoms from focal inflammatory attacks as well as gradual neurodegeneration which contribute significantly to long-term disability progression…

Age-related small vessel disease: a potential contributor to neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system wherein, after an initial phase of transient neurological defects, slow neurological deterioration due to progressive neuronal loss ensues. Age is a major determinant of MS progression onset and disability. Over the past years, several mechanisms have been proposed to explain the key drivers of neurodegeneration and disability accumulation in MS. However, the effect of commonly encountered age-related cerebral vessel disease, namely small vessel disease (SVD), has been largely neglected and c…

Письмо редактору: комментарий к "первичному зрительскому повреждению коры головного мозга в результате транссинптического дегенерации после оптического нейрита: систематический обзор исследований нейроимации".

В настоящем письме рассматривается систематический обзор, проведенный " Хсиао " и др. " по транссинптической дегенерации (ТСР) в оптическом неуриите " (ОН), с уделением особого внимания нескольким областям для дальнейшей разведки в целях оптимизации клинического управления. Существенным пробелом является отсутствие индивидуализированного анатомического анализа мозга при оценке ОВД. Будущие исследования должны включать индивидуализированные модели мозга с использованием таких методов, как морфометрия на поверхности и объемный анализ, в целях более эффективной оценки ОВД и ру

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This letter addresses the systematic review by Hsiao et al. on trans-synaptic degeneration (TSD) in optic neuritis (ON), highlighting severa … can significantly improve patient management, particularly for those with autoimmune diseases like multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorder. By combining immune marker monitoring with neuroimaging, clinicians can adjust immunosuppressive therapies based on realtime changes in immune activity and visual function. This comprehensive approach will …

Достижения в фармакологии каннабиноидных рецепторов: от структурного анализа рецептора до открытия лиганда.

Врачебное и рекреационное использование сативы Каннабис было признано на протяжении тысяч лет. Сегодня для лечения различных заболеваний, включая хроническую боль, эпилепсию, множественный склероз и тошноту, вызванную химиотерапией, используются лекарства, полученные от каннабиса. Вместе с тем расстройства, связанные с потреблением каннабиса, стали третьим по распространенности расстройством, связанным с потреблением психоактивных веществ в мире. Основными целями, которые способствуют воздействию каннабиса и его аналогов, являются рецепторы каннабиноидов. Несмотря на их важность, механизмы мод

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The medicinal and recreational uses of Cannabis sativa have been recognized for thousands of years. Today, cannabis-derived medicines are used to treat a variety of conditions, including chronic pain, epilepsy, multiple sclerosis, and chemotherapy-induced nausea. However, cannabis use disorder (CUD) has become the third most prevalent substance use disorder …

Regnase-1 in cDC1 controls T cell priming and shapes the dynamics of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS), in which various immune cells contribute to disease progression, yet the role of dendritic cells (DCs) remains incompletely understood. The RNA-binding protein Regnase-1 plays an important role in regulating immune cell function, but its function in DCs, particularly conventional type 1 DCs (cDC1), has not been defined. METHODS: We investigated the role of Regnase-1 in cDC1 and its impact on experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE) on Regnase-1 fl/+ Xcr1 -Cre+ and contr…

Micronutrients in Autoimmune Diseases: Shining a Light on Vitamin D, Cobalamin, Folate, and Iron Metabolism.

Background: Autoimmune diseases (AIDs) are characterized by chronic inflammation and tissue damage resulting from abnormal immune responses. While genetic and environmental factors play significant roles in disease development, essential micronutrient deficiencies (MNDs) represent a critical and often overlooked contributor. Methods: This review examines the interactions between micronutrients and immune cells, focusing on vitamin D, vitamin B12, folate (FA), and iron, and their roles in AIDs, such as rheumatoid arthritis, autoimmune thyroid disorders, multiple sclerosis, systemic lupus erythe…

Multiple Sclerosis and Aging: The Dynamics of Demyelination and Remyelination.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration. Life expectancy and age of onset in MS patients have been rising over the last decades, and previous studies have shown that age affects disease progression. Therefore, age appears as one of the most important factors in accumulating disability in MS patients. Indeed, the degeneration of oligodendrocytes (OGDs) and OGD precursors (OPCs) increases with age, in association with increased inflammatory activity of astrocytes and microglia. Similarly, age-rel…

Asymptomatic Herpes Simplex Virus Type 1 Infection Causes an Earlier Onset and More Severe Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an increasingly prevalent progressive autoimmune and debilitating chronic disease that involves the detrimental recognition of central nervous system (CNS) antigens by the immune system. Although significant progress has been made in the last decades on the biology of MS and the identification of novel therapies to treat its symptoms, the etiology of this disease remains unknown. However, recent studies have suggested that viral infections may contribute to disease onset. Interestingly, a potential association between herpes simplex virus type 1 (HSV-1) infection and…

Multimorbidity and chronic co-prescription networks and potential interactions in adult patients with epilepsy: MorbiNet study.

We constructed epilepsy multimorbidity networks to study associations with chronic conditions, and co-prescriptions and drug-disease network … y preceding epilepsy included cerebrovascular accident (OR: 3.59), congenital anomalies (2.18), and multiple sclerosis (1.33); and following epilepsy: dementia (1.91), personality disorder (1.59), alcohol abuse (1.22), and Parkinson (1.21). Mental retardation (13.08), neurological cancer (8.49), benign neoplasm (4.69), infections (3.14), and psychosis (1.58) might p …

Associations between chronic active lesions and clinical outcomes in multiple sclerosis: A systematic literature review.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. Emerging evidence suggests that chronic disease processes within the central nervous system are important drivers of the ongoing disability accumulation in people with MS (pwMS). Chronic lesion activity driven by smoldering neuroinflammation is considered one of the neuropathological hallmarks of disease progression in worsening disability. Our understanding of the role of chronic active lesions (CALs) in MS pathology has expanded with improvements in imaging technology. Three in vivo imaging biom…