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Comparison of the pathogenicity of two US porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus isolates with that of the Lelystad virus.

The Lelystad virus or one of two US isolates (VR2385, VR2431) of porcine reproductive and respiratory syndrome virus were given intranasally to 25 4-week-old cesarian-derived colostrum-deprived pigs. Pigs from these groups were necropsied at 1, 2, 3, 5, 7, 10, 15, 21, or 28 days postinoculation. The Lelystad virus and VR2431 induced mild transient pyrexia, dyspnea, and tachypnea. VR2385 induced labored and rapid abdominal respiration, pyrexia, lethargy, anorexia, and patchy dermal cyanosis. All three isolates induced multifocal tan-mottled consolidation involving 6.8% (n = 9; SEM = 3.4) of the…

Shedding and enrichment of the glycolipid-anchored complement lysis inhibitor protectin (CD59) into milk fat globules.

Protectin (CD59) is a glycolipid-anchored inhibitor of the membrane attack complex (MAC) of human complement (C) that protects blood cells, … hed in MFG and imply that secretion of glycophospholipid-anchored molecules, e.g. into cow milk and colostrum, could be exploited as a means of producing bioactive molecules that need to be targeted into cell membranes.

Studies of enteric pathogens and gamma-globulin levels of neonatal calves in Sweden.

Faecal and blood samples were taken from 10-30% of calves, 36 hours to 14 days old, in 47 dairy herds in different regions of Sweden from Se … , compared with calves without diarrhoea, but the difference was not significant. One litre more of colostrum at the first feed increased the level of total protein of the calves' sera by 1.4 g/l (p = 0.05). Calves born between May and September had a 2.0 g/l higher (p < 0.001) serum concentration of gamma-globulin than calves born between October and April …

Serum IgA subclasses and molecular forms in HIV infection: selective increases in monomer and apparent restriction of the antibody response to IgA1 antibodies mainly directed at env glycoproteins.

In a study population representing different CDC stages of HIV infection, 58% exhibited IgA hypergammaglobulinemia resulting from proportion … s. Dominating IgA1 anti-HIV responses were also observed in two secretory IgA samples isolated from colostrum of healthy HIV seropositive mothers, suggesting that a similar isotype restriction exists in the mucosal IgA compartment. The binding of IgA1 to HIV proteins contrasted markedly to that observed with identical concentrations of IgG purified from the …

Prevention of Porcine Epidemic Diarrhea Virus With Nanotube-Adjuvanted Oral DNA Vaccines.

Porcine epidemic diarrhea virus (PEDV) causes severe diarrhea in piglets. The ideal route of protection against PEDV for piglets is through … periment, results show that the DNA vaccine administered orally induced higher levels of IgA in the colostrum of vaccinated sows compared to mock vaccination. The survival rate of the farrowed piglets was higher at 84% for the DNA-oral group compared to that of the mock vaccination group (68%). In conclusion, the cPNTs-adjuvanted DNA vaccine can not only ge …

Engaging South Asian Communities in the United Kingdom to Explore Infant Feeding Practices and Inform Intervention Development: Application of the REPLACE Approach.

Breastfeeding in UK Pakistani and Bangladeshi communities is positively and negatively influenced by cultural beliefs and practices. The LIF … g decisions, (3) Pardah (modesty) and being unable to breastfeed in front of others, (4) Discarding colostrum (first breast milk), (5) Pre-lacteal feeds (feeds within a few hours of birth and before any breast or formula milk has been given) and complementary feeding before the baby is 6 months old, and (6) The belief that bigger babies are better and that …

Добавление женских собак живыми дрожжами Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. bulardii CNCM I-1079 выступает в качестве стабилизатора кишечника и модулятора иммунометаболического фенотипа щенков.

Время на промежутках - это стрессовый период для обеих сучек и их щенков. Было предложено использовать биотики, например у свиней, для улучшения состояния здоровья свиней, их репродуктивных функций и, в свою очередь, здоровья и функционирования их потомства. Цель настоящего исследования заключалась в оценке воздействия как на плотины, так и на щенков дополнения сучек живыми дрожжами Saccharomyces cerevisiae var. buulardii CNCM I-1079 (SB-1079) во время второй части периода беременности и кормления. В общей сложности было зарегистрировано 36 сучек средних и крупных пород. Они были разделены на

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Time around parturition is a stressful period for both bitches and their puppies. The use of probiotics has been proposed, e.g., in pigs, to … ted to energy metabolism. Regarding reproductive performances, SB-1079 improved gross energy of the colostrum (1.4 vs. 1.2 kcal of ME/g) as well as the concentration of protein in milk at Day 7 after parturition (10.4 vs. 7.6%). SB-1079 also reduced the odds of having low birth weight in the litter. At puppy's level, a modulation of immunometabolic phenotyp …

Participatory epidemiology on major camel calf health and management problems in pastoral and semi-pastoral zones of Somali region, Ethiopia.

A cross-sectional study was conducted from May 2017 to March 2019. A participatory epidemiological appraisal was used to gain a rapid overvi … cour, ticks, and nonspecific pneumonia; poor management and husbandry practices such as restrictive colostrum feeding, lack of concentrate and salt supplementation and inappropriate housing; shortage of feed; and scarce seasonal variation in water. Additionally, the livestock herders not only showed their knowledge of common camel calf diseases for affected …

Practice of Breastfeeding and its Barriers among Women Working in Tertiary Level Hospitals.

INTRODUCTION: Breastfeeding provides ideal food for newborns and prevents recurrent infection and malnutrition in infants. In Nepal, breastf … ne using statistical package of social sciences. RESULTS: Breastfeeding practice was universal and colostrum was fed by 195 (94%) women. Pre-lacteal feeding was given by 14 (7%) women and 119 (57%) initiated breastfeeding within one hour of birth. Total of 93 (45%) children were exclusively breastfed for any duration while 10 (11%) were exclusively breastf …

Xenotransplantation - A special case of One Health.

The chronic shortage of human transplants to treat tissue and organ failure has led to the development of xenotransplantation, the transplan … organisms by selection of virus-free animals, treatment of donor pigs by antiviral drugs, vaccines, colostrum deprivation, early weaning, Caesarean delivery, embryo transfer and/or gene editing should be undertaken to supply an increasing number of potential recipients with urgently required transplants. The methods developed for the detection and eliminati …

Transplacental transmission of bovine tick-borne pathogens: Frequency, co-infections and fatal neonatal anaplasmosis in a region of enzootic stability in the northeast of Brazil.

Bovine tick-borne disease (TBD) constitutes a worldwide group of diseases that result in great losses for dairy and beef cattle. With regard … rom the calves within 3h of birth, and haemogram and nPCR assays were performed in all animals. Pre-colostrum serology was achieved in 34 animals. The Student's t-test was used to compare the haemogram results between animals that were positive and negative for the haemoparasites. The cows were seropositive for all agents in at least one of the examinations …

Investigations concerning the prevalence of Coxiella burnetii and Chlamydia abortus in sheep in correlation with management systems and abortion rate in Lower Saxony in 2004.

The intracellular bacteria Coxiella (C) burnetii and Chlamydia (Chl) abortus induce abortion in sheep and also affect humans. While Chl. abo … .9%), C burnetii was detected in 21.6% of the placenta samples of normal births and in 12.5% of the colostrum samples by PCR. Aborted fetuses and the corresponding placentas were negative in C burnetii-PCR, but in most of them and also in many other placenta samples Chl. abortus could be detected by PCR and DNA microarray. This survey shows a low overall pr …

Homologous whole bacterin vaccination is not able to reduce Streptococcus suis serotype 9 strain 7997 transmission among pigs or colonization.

Streptococcus suis (S. suis) is an important porcine pathogen worldwide, and antibiotics are often applied to treat or prevent clinical signs. Vaccination could be an alternative measure to reduce the abundant use of antimicrobials. The aim of this study was to determine the effect of vaccination with homologues whole bacterin vaccine containing S. suis serotype 9 strain 7997 on transmission of this serotype among pigs and on mucosal colonization. Caesarean derived, colostrum deprived pigs (N=50) were housed pair wise. Thirteen pairs were vaccinated intramuscularly with 2-3×10(9) colony formin…

Construction, crystal structure and application of a recombinant protein that lacks the collagen-like region of BclA from Bacillus anthracis spores.

Spores of Bacillus anthracis, the causative agent of anthrax, are enclosed by an exosporium, which consists of a basal layer surrounded by a … inactivated spores. The tBclA protein was used to purify a pool of specific antibodies from bovine colostrum whey samples from cows inoculated with the Sterne strain anthrax vaccine, which also showed reactivity with B. anthracis spores. Together, these results demonstrate that tBclA provides a safer and more effective way to the production and purificatio …

Developmental aspects and factors influencing the synthesis and status of ascorbic Acid in the pig.

Ascorbic acid synthesis in the pig occurs at mid-pregnancy, but activity of the enzyme l-gulono-gamma-lactone oxidase (GLO) declines thereafter during gestation and remains low when the pig nurses the sow. During late gestation the ascorbic acid concentration in the fetus increases, but serum and liver ascorbic acid concentration in the sow declines without affecting the dam's liver GLO activity. It is presumed that as gestation progresses an increased amount of maternal ascorbic acid is transferred to the fetus and to the mammary gland. Colostrum and milk are rich sources of the vitamin and s…

Septicaemia and arthritis in pigs experimentally infected with Pasteurella multocida capsular serotype A.

Twenty-five caesarean-derived, colostrum-deprived (CDCD) pigs and 18 specific pathogen-free pigs, aged 8 to 14 weeks, were inoculated intranasally or intratracheally with Pasteurella multocida capsular serotype A, isolated from a severe pneumonic lesion in a growing pig. The pigs were killed for necropsy on day 6 or 14 post-inoculation (PI) or, in the case of the only fatally infected animal, examined at the time of death. One CDCD pig, inoculated intratracheally with 5 ml of a bacterial suspension containing 1.7x10(9) colony-forming-units/ml, died of septicaemia on day 1 PI. Histological lesi…

Pathogenicity of Actinobacillus minor, Actinobacillus indolicus and Actinobacillus porcinus strains for gnotobiotic piglets.

The purpose of the study was to evaluate the clinical significance of Actinobacillus minor, Actinobacillus porcinus and Actinobacillus indolicus strains in gnotobiotic piglets. Twenty-two 6-h-old Caesarean-delivered and colostrum-deprived piglets were intranasally and orally inoculated with 2 x 10(6) colony-forming units of an A. minor (group 2; n = 9), A. indolicus (group 3; n = 5), or A. porcinus (group 4; n = 8) strain. Six other piglets were inoculated in the same way with phosphate-buffered saline solution and used as controls (group 1). All pigs were observed for clinical signs and recta…

Infection of pregnant women with hepatitis B and C viruses and risks for vertical transmission.

Pregnant women infected with hepatitis B and C viruses pose a risk for infecting their newborn infants by vertical transmission. We studied … HBV was significantly higher in women older than 30 years old (p < 0.05). HBsAg was found in blood, colostrum and vaginal exudate of two pregnant women; HBsAg was detected in the gastric aspirate but not in the blood of the two newborn infants. HBeAg and IgM-HBc were not detected in any of the samples. DNA-HBV was detected in serum of seven women, and DNA-H …

Experimental infection of newborn piglets with Yersinia enterocolitica: an animal model of enteritis.

Newborn, colostrum-deprived Large White piglets infected with a human isolate of Yersinia enterocolitica biotype 4 serotype 0:3 were used as an animal model of yersiniosis. Within 3 hours of birth and before being fed, 14 piglets were inoculated orogastrically with 10 ml of bacterial suspension containing about 3 x 10(10) colony forming units of Y. enterocolitica, followed by 10 ml of 10% NaHCO3 solution. A further 14 litter mates acted as controls. The animals were reared on an artificial milk formula and humanely killed at 3 or 5 days after infection. Of the 14 infected piglets, 11 became an…

[Increased immune response in broilers after administration of natural food supplements].

The trial involved broilers from the 4th to the 56th day of life. The first group P1 (n = 30) received commercial mashes with supplements of 0.5% biomass of freshwater algae (Chlorella vulgaris). The second group P2 (n = 30) received 0.9% dried cow's colostrum and 0.9% dried brewer's yeasts in addition to the algae (0.2%). All the ingredients came from fluid-bed drying at temperatures maximally 50 degrees C. Control group K (n = 30) consisted of broilers which received commercial mashes only. At the age of 21, 33 and 56 days, 10 birds of each group were killed, and basic hematological values w…