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Evaluating vector competence for Yellow fever in the Caribbean.

The mosquito-borne disease, Yellow fever (YF), has been largely controlled via mass delivery of an effective vaccine and mosquito control interventions. However, there are warning signs that YF is re-emerging in both Sub-Saharan Africa and South America. Imported from Africa in slave ships, YF was responsible for devastating outbreaks in the Caribbean. In Martinique, the last YF outbreak was reported in 1908 and the mosquito Aedes aegypti was incriminated as the main vector. We evaluated the vector competence of fifteen Ae. aegypti populations for five YFV genotypes (Bolivia, Ghana, Nigeria, S…

Eastern equine encephalitis--New Hampshire and Massachusetts, August-September 2005.

During August-September 2005, the New Hampshire Department of Health and Human Services reported seven cases of human eastern equine encepha … of, arboviral encephalitis in the United States and promotion of preventive measures such as local mosquito control and use of insect repellent.

An OpIE2-DsRed marker disrupts female blood-feeding and shortens lifespan in the malaria vector Anopheles gambiae.

Anopheles gambiae is one of the principal vectors of human malaria. Over the past 2 decades, transgenic mosquito strains have been essential … appeared normal and fertile. Given the potential utility of dominant, female-specific sterility for mosquito control, we established additional strains controlling for transgene content and integration site, confirming that the OpIE2-DsRed cassette caused the defect. Behavioral assays showed that females exhibited normal attraction to a membrane feeder but failed …

On the necessity of accounting for age structure in human malaria transmission modeling.

Malaria is one of the most common mosquito-borne diseases widespread in tropical and subtropical regions, causing thousands of deaths every year in the world. In a previous paper, we formulated an age-structured model containing three structural variables: (i) the chronological age of human and mosquito populations, (ii) the time since they are infected, and (iii) humans waning immunity (i.e. the progressive loss of protective antibodies after recovery). In the present paper, we expand the analysis of this age-structured model and focus on the derivation of entomological and epidemiological re

Знания, отношение и практика в отношении денге и их переносчика среди врачей Малаканда, Пакистан.

Эпидемия денге (ДФ) все чаще признается в качестве одной из основных в мире болезней, передаваемых комарами, и вызывает значительную заболеваемость и смертность в тропических и субтропических странах. В большинстве районов Пакистана лихорадка денге носит эндемический характер и по-прежнему является проблемой здравоохранения. Знания, отношение и практика могут играть важную роль в борьбе с этим заболеванием. Текущее исследование направлено на определение уровня знаний, отношения и практики в отношении лихорадки денге среди медицинских работников, а также на изучение уровня знаний и отношения к

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Dengue fever (DF) is increasingly recognized as one of the world's major mosquito borne diseases and causes significant morbidity and mortal … mosquito bites rather than elimination of breeding places. Although the knowledge regarding DF and mosquito control measure was quite high among the medical practitioners but this knowledge was not put into practice. Further studies are required to aware the people about dengue and its vector in order to get prevention and control.

In silico identification and study of potential anti-mosquito juvenile hormone binding protein (MJHBP) compounds as candidates for dengue virus - Vector insecticides.

Dengue has become a huge global health burden. It is currently recognized as the most rapidly spreading mosquito-borne viral disease. Yet, there are currently no licensed vaccines or specific therapeutics to manage the virus, thus, scaling up vector control approaches is important in controlling this viral spread. This study aimed to identify and study in silico, potential anti-mosquito compounds targeting Juvenile hormone (JH) mediated pathways via the Mosquito Juvenile Hormone Binding Protein (MJHBP). The study was implemented using series of computational methods. The query compounds includ

Vector competence of Swedish Culex pipiens mosquitoes for Japanese encephalitis virus.

BACKGROUND: Japanese encephalitis virus (JEV) is an emerging mosquito-borne Orthoflavivirus that poses a significant public health risk in many temperate and tropical regions in Asia. Since the climate in some endemic countries is similar to temperate climates observed in Europe, understanding the role of specific mosquito species in the transmission of JEV is essential for predicting and effectively controlling the potential for the introduction and establishment of JEV in Europe. METHODS: This study aimed to investigate the vector competence of colonized Culex pipiens biotype molestus mosqu

Secretory NS1' protein of orthoflavivirus promotes viral transmission to mosquitoes by suppressing the RNAi pathway.

Orthoflaviviruses are recognized as significant emerging mosquito-borne pathogens globally. Members of the Japanese encephalitis (JE) serogroup can be distinguished from other orthoflaviviruses by the presence of an additional non-structural protein (NS1'). However, the role of the NS1' protein in the virus's life cycle and transmission remains incompletely understood. This study demonstrates that the acquisition of the secretory NS1' protein from JE serogroup viruses by mosquitoes from infected hosts significantly suppresses the antiviral effect of the RNA interference pathway, thereby facili

Characterizing the Wolbachia infection in field-collected Culicidae mosquitoes from Hainan Province, China.

BACKGROUND: Mosquitoes are vectors of many pathogens, such as malaria, dengue virus, yellow fever virus, filaria and Japanese encephalitis virus. Wolbachia are capable of inducing a wide range of reproductive abnormalities in their hosts, such as cytoplasmic incompatibility. Wolbachia has been proposed as a tool to modify mosquitoes that are resistant to pathogen infection as an alternative vector control strategy. This study aimed to determine natural Wolbachia infections in different mosquito species across Hainan Province, China. METHODS: Adult mosquitoes were collected using light traps,

Arbovirus detection in synanthropic mosquitoes from the Brazilian Amazon and in mosquito saliva using Flinders Technology Associates cards.

Although arbovirus transmission and identifying target vectors may provide a baseline for planning disease control strategies, there are many gaps in knowledge regarding these mosquitoes and viral species in urban, rural, or sylvatic habitats in the Brazilian Amazon. Our goal was to screen for dengue, chikungunya, and Zika viruses in synanthropic mosquitoes and with Flinders Technology Associates (FTA) cards using insect saliva. Mosquitoes were caught using ovitraps and aspirators in the city of Porto Velho, Rondônia, Brazil. Honey-baited FTA cards were placed in mosquito cages for 15 days; wh

Preparing the United States for Zika Virus: Pre-emptive Vector Control and Personal Protection.

Discovered in 1947 in a monkey in the Zika forest of Uganda, Zika virus was dismissed as a cause of a mild illness that was confined to Africa and Southeast Asia and transmitted by Aedes mosquitoes. In 2007, Zika virus appeared outside of its endemic borders in an outbreak on the South Pacific Island of Yap. In 2013, Zika virus was associated with a major neurological complication, Guillain-Barré syndrome, in a larger outbreak in the French Polynesian Islands. From the South Pacific, Zika invaded Brazil in 2015 and caused another severe neurological complication, fetal microcephaly. The mosqui

Studies on mosquitoes breeding in rock pools on inselbergs around Zaria, northern Nigeria.

BACKGROUND & OBJECTIVES: Rainwater often collects in depressions on rocks to form pools that are ideal breeding sites of mosquito vectors of diseases. Knowledge on the existence of disease vectors in these remote and relatively inaccessible locations could improve epidemiologic understanding and control capabilities. This study identifies mosquito species, their relative abundance and physicochemical characteristics of breeding microhabitats in rock pools on four inselbergs in northern Nigeria. METHODS: Soup ladle dipper was used to obtain representative samples of larval mosquitoes breeding

Targeting Sex Determination to Suppress Mosquito Populations.

Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insuficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Aedes aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing,

Dengue fever transmission between a construction site and its surrounding communities in China.

BACKGROUND: Due to an increase in mosquito habitats and the lack facilities to carry out basic mosquito control, construction sites in China are more likely to experience secondary dengue fever infection after importation of an initial infection, which may then increase the number of infections in the neighboring communities and the chance of community transmission. The aim of this study was to investigate how to effectively reduce the transmission of dengue fever at construction sites and the neighboring communities. METHODS: The Susceptible-Exposed-Infectious/Asymptomatic-Recovered (SEIAR) …

Controlling the development of the dengue vector Aedes aegypti using HR3 RNAi transgenic Chlamydomonas.

The Aedes aegypti mosquito plays an important role in the spread of diseases, including epidemic ones, such as dengue fever, Zika virus disease, yellow fever, and chikungunya disease. To control the population of Ae.aegypti, we transferred an HR3 RNAi fragment into the microalgae Chlamydomonas, which serves as food for Ae.aegypti larvae. Results showed that the HR3 RNAi transgenic algal strains were lethal to Ae.aegypti. The integumentary system of larvae fed with HR3 RNAi transgenic algal strains was severely damaged. Muscles of the larvae were unevenly distributed and disordered, and their m

Targeting sex determination to suppress mosquito populations.

Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next-generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Ae. aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing,

Targeting Sex Determination to Suppress Mosquito Populations.

Each year, hundreds of millions of people are infected with arboviruses such as dengue, yellow fever, chikungunya, and Zika, which are all primarily spread by the notorious mosquito Aedes aegypti. Traditional control measures have proven insufficient, necessitating innovations. In response, here we generate a next generation CRISPR-based precision-guided sterile insect technique (pgSIT) for Aedes aegypti that disrupts genes essential for sex determination and fertility, producing predominantly sterile males that can be deployed at any life stage. Using mathematical models and empirical testing

A web based relational database management system for filariasis control.

UNLABELLED: The present study describes a RDBMS (relational database management system) for the effective management of Filariasis, a vector borne disease. Filariasis infects 120 million people from 83 countries. The possible re-emergence of the disease and the complexity of existing control programs warrant the development of new strategies. A database containing comprehensive data associated with filariasis finds utility in disease control. We have developed a database containing information on the socio-economic status of patients, mosquito collection procedures, mosquito dissection data, f

Challenges of Robust RNAi-Mediated Gene Silencing in Aedes Mosquitoes.

In this study, we report the complexities and challenges associated with achieving robust RNA interference (RNAi)-mediated gene knockdown in the mosquitoes Aedes aegypti and Aedes albopictus, a pivotal approach for genetic analysis and vector control. Despite RNAi's potential for species-specific gene targeting, our independent efforts to establish oral delivery of RNAi for identifying genes critical for mosquito development and fitness encountered significant challenges, failing to reproduce previously reported potent RNAi effects. We independently evaluated a range of RNAi-inducing molecules

Randomized Trial of Targeted Indoor Spraying to Prevent Aedes-Borne Diseases.

BACKGROUND: Targeted indoor residual spraying focuses insecticide applications on common resting surfaces of Aedes aegypti mosquitoes (an arboviral disease vector) in houses, such as exposed lower sections of walls and under furniture. METHODS: We conducted a two-group, parallel, unblinded, cluster-randomized trial in Merida, Mexico, to quantify the efficacy of targeted indoor residual spraying for preventing aedes-borne diseases (chikungunya, dengue, or Zika). Children 2 to 15 years of age were enrolled from households in 50 clusters of five-by-five city blocks. Households in 25 clusters rec