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International gestational age-specific centiles for blood pressure in pregnancy from the INTERGROWTH-21st Project in 8 countries: A longitudinal cohort study.

BACKGROUND: Gestational hypertensive and acute hypotensive disorders are associated with maternal morbidity and mortality worldwide. However … dy (2009 to 2016) was conducted across 8 diverse urban areas in Brazil, China, India, Italy, Kenya, Oman, the United Kingdom, and the United States of America. We enrolled healthy women at low risk of pregnancy complications. We measured blood pressure using standardised methodology and validated equipment at enrolment at <14 weeks, then every 5 ± 1 we …

Utility of shock index in 24,636 patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome.

BACKGROUND: Shock index is a bedside reflection of integrated response of the cardiovascular and nervous systems. We aimed to evaluate the utility of shock index (heart rate/systolic blood pressure) in patients presenting with acute coronary syndrome (ACS). METHODS: We analyzed pooled data from seven Arabian Gulf registries; these ACS registries were carried out in seven countries (Qatar, Bahrain, Kuwait, UAE, Saudi Arabia, Oman and Yemen) between 2005 and 2017. A standard uniform coding strategy was used to recode each database using each registry protocol and clinical research form. Patient…

Incidence and impact of cardiorenal anaemia syndrome on all-cause mortality in acute heart failure patients stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction in the Middle East.

AIMS: This study aims to evaluate the incidence and impact of cardiorenal anaemia syndrome (CRAS) on all-cause mortality in acute heart failure (AHF) patients stratified by left ventricular ejection fraction (LVEF) status in the Middle East. METHODS AND RESULTS: Data were analysed from 4934 consecutive patients admitted to 47 hospitals in seven Middle Eastern countries (Saudi Arabia, Oman, Yemen, Kuwait, United Arab Emirates, Qatar, and Bahrain) with AHF from February to November 2012. CRAS was defined as AHF with estimated glomerular filtration rate of <60 mL/min and low haemoglobin (<13 g/d…

Anthropometric Characterization of Impaired Fetal Growth: Risk Factors for and Prognosis of Newborns With Stunting or Wasting.

IMPORTANCE: Stunting (short length for age) and wasting (low body mass index [BMI] for age) are widely used to assess child nutrition. In contrast, newborns tend to be assessed solely based on their weight. OBJECTIVE: To use recent international standards for newborn size by gestational age to assess how stunted and wasted newborns differ in terms of risk factors and prognoses. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: A cross-sectional study with follow-up until hospital discharge was conducted at urban sites in Brazil, China, India, Italy, Kenya, Oman, England, and the United States that are part…

A novel locus for an autosomal recessive hereditary spastic paraplegia (SPG35) maps to 16q21-q23.

BACKGROUND: The hereditary spastic paraplegias (HSPs) are a group of clinically and genetically heterogeneous neurodegenerative disorders in which the cardinal pathologic feature is upper motor neuron degeneration leading to progressive spasticity and weakness of the lower limbs. To date, 14 autosomal recessive HSP loci have been mapped. METHODS: We have identified a large consanguineous Omani family in which an autosomal recessive form of HSP is segregating. The age at onset varied from 6 to 11 years and the course of the disease is progressive with intellectual disability and is associated …

Physical and mental health impact of perimenopause, menopause and post menopause in a diverse global population (MARIE Project- Global Chapter WP 2a): cross-sectional quantitative data from a mixed-methods study.

BACKGROUND: Menopause is a major global health issue affecting cisgender women, transgender people, and gender-diverse populations, yet it r … from UK, Rwanda, Nigeria, Ghana, Tanzania, Sri Lanka, India, Pakistan, Nepal, Malaysia, Singapore, Oman and Brazil. Here, we report the quantitative component of the broader mixed-methods study within MARIE WP2a. The present analysis focuses exclusively on cross-sectional quantitative data to characterise symptom burden and associated health domains a …

Clinical presentation and outcomes of acute coronary syndromes in the gulf registry of acute coronary events (Gulf RACE).

OBJECTIVE: To identify the characteristics, treatments and hospital outcomes for patients diagnosed with acute coronary syndromes (ACS) in the Gulf area. METHODS: Prospective, multinational, multicentre, observational survey of consecutive ACS patients who were admitted to 65 hospitals during May 2006. RESULTS: A total of 1484 ACS patients were recruited. The mean age was 55 years, and 76% were men. The final discharge diagnosis was ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (STEMI) in 37%, non-ST-segment elevation myocardial infarction (NSTEMI) in 32%, left bundle branch block myocardial in

An Audit Assessing Compliance With CURB-65 (Confusion, Urea, Respiratory Rate, Blood Pressure, and Age ≥65 Years) Documentation in Adult Patients Admitted With Community-Acquired Pneumonia at a Tertiary Institution in Trinidad and Tobago.

Introduction Community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality worldwide. Early severity assessment is essentia … e compliance with CURB-65 documentation at SGHC, consistent with findings from studies conducted in Oman, China, and Ireland. Education through CME sessions and regular reminders significantly improved compliance rates. The findings reinforce the importance of ongoing clinical education and guideline sensitisation in improving adherence to evidence-bas …

Epidemiologic characteristics, serotypes, and antimicrobial susceptibilities of invasive Streptococcus pneumoniae isolates in a nationwide surveillance study in Lebanon.

Invasive pneumococcal disease (IPD) associated with Streptococcus pneumonia is a major public health problem worldwide for all age groups, including in Lebanon. Prevention through vaccination remains the most valuable tool to decrease the burden of disease. Pneumococcal conjugate vaccine 7 (PCV7), marketed internationally including in the Middle East and North Africa region for the prevention of IPD, was introduced in Lebanon in 2006, followed by PCV10 and PCV13 in 2010. However, none of these is currently part of the Extended Program of Immunization schedule and published data on IPD incidenc

Prevalence and Clinical Features of Polyendocrine Metabolic Ovarian Syndrome in the Gulf Cooperation Council Countries: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis.

Background: Polyendocrine metabolic ovarian syndrome (PMOS/PCOS) is the most common hormonal disorder in women of reproductive age and is li … prevalence of PMOS was 17.59% (95% CI: 12.98-23.40%). Country-level estimates ranged from 6.56% in Oman to 23.0% in Saudi Arabia. Heterogeneity across all analyses was extremely high (I2 = 99.6%), and meta-regression identified the diagnostic tool as the single most important source of variation, explaining 42.7% of between-study variance. Studies usi …

Sevuparin for the treatment of acute pain crisis in patients with sickle cell disease: a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

BACKGROUND: There are no approved treatments for vaso-occlusive crises in sickle cell disease. Sevuparin is a novel non-anticoagulant low molecular weight heparinoid, with anti-adhesive properties. In this study, we tested whether sevuparin could shorten vaso-occlusive crisis duration in hospitalised patients with sickle cell disease. METHODS: We did a multicentre, double-blinded, placebo-controlled, phase 2 study in 16 public access clinical hospitals in the Netherlands, Lebanon, Turkey, Bahrain, Oman, Saudi Arabia, and Jamaica. Patients aged 12-50 years with a diagnosis of sickle cell disea…

Prevalence, Incidence, and Years Lived With Disability Due to Gout and Its Attributable Risk Factors for 195 Countries and Territories 1990-2017: A Systematic Analysis of the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

OBJECTIVE: To describe the levels and trends of point prevalence, annual incidence, and years lived with disability (YLD) for gout and its a … m 1990 to 2017 were the US (34.7% [95% UI 27.7%, 43.1%]), Canada (28.5% [95% UI 21.9%, 35.4%]), and Oman (28.0% [95% UI 21.5%, 34.8%]). Globally, high body mass index and impaired kidney function accounted for 32.4% (95% UI 18.7%, 49.2%) and 15.3% (95% UI 13.5%, 17.1%), respectively, of YLD due to gout in the 2017 estimates. The YLD attributable to the …

Health in times of uncertainty in the eastern Mediterranean region, 1990-2013: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2013.

BACKGROUND: The eastern Mediterranean region is comprised of 22 countries: Afghanistan, Bahrain, Djibouti, Egypt, Iran, Iraq, Jordan, Kuwait, Lebanon, Libya, Morocco, Oman, Pakistan, Palestine, Qatar, Saudi Arabia, Somalia, Sudan, Syria, Tunisia, the United Arab Emirates, and Yemen. Since our Global Burden of Disease Study 2010 (GBD 2010), the region has faced unrest as a result of revolutions, wars, and the so-called Arab uprisings. The objective of this study was to present the burden of diseases, injuries, and risk factors in the eastern Mediterranean region as of 2013. METHODS: GBD 2013 i…

[WHO growth standards for infants and young children].

The growth pattern of healthy breastfed infants deviates to a significant extent from the NCHS/WHO international reference. In particular, this reference is inadequate because it is based on predominantly formula-fed infants, as are most national growth charts in use today. The WHO multicentre growth reference study (MGRS), aimed at describing the growth of healthy breastfed infants living in good hygiene conditions, was conducted between 1997 and 2003 in 6 countries from diverse geographical regions: Brazil, Ghana, India, Norway, Oman and the United States. The study combined a longitudinal f…

Genetic and molecular architecture of multiple sclerosis in gulf cooperation council populations: A scoping review and regional precision-neurology perspective.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is increasingly recognized across Gulf Cooperation Council (GCC) countries, where rising disease burden … ic, vitamin D receptor, and vitamin d-binding protein signals. Qatar, the United Arab Emirates, and Oman remain underrepresented in accessible primary MS genetic literature. Across all layers, the evidence is biologically informative but constrained by small cohorts, single-country designs, incomplete extractability, limited replication, and heterogene …

Awareness, knowledge and attitudes towards artificial intelligence among nursing students: a systematic review protocol.

INTRODUCTION: Internationally, nursing students' awareness and familiarity with artificial intelligence (AI) remain a challenge as evidenced … ional policy on AI integration and highlight the critical evidence gap in the GCC region, including Oman, thereby contributing to the advancement of AI-ready nursing education internationally. A key focus will be mapping geographic variation, with particular attention to the GCC region where empirical evidence remains sparse. PROSPERO REGISTRATION NUM …

Epidemiology of Bladder Cancer in the Arab World: 2019 Global Burden of Disease Data.

BackgroundUrinary bladder cancer (UBC) has unique epidemiology. It is well known that some Arab countries have higher incidence of UBC due to certain risk factors, including schistosomiasis and smoking.MethodsWe systematically reviewed the Global Burden of Disease study (GBD) database for the year 2019. We queried GBD study database using results tool for UBC in the 22 Arab countries and compared the age-standardized incidence rate (ASIR), death rate (ASDR), mortality-to-incidence ratio (MIR) and Disability-Adjusted Life Years (ASDALYs) in Arab countries with global values.ResultsThe Arab popu

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… They included the following countries: Jordan, Syria, Lebanon, Palestine, Saudi Arabia, Iraq, Kuwait, Qatar, Bahrain, United Arab Emirates (UAE), Oman, Yemen, Egypt, Sudan, Libya, Algeria, Tunisia, Morocco, Djibouti, Somalia, Mauritania, and Comoros. … 145.879 Egypt | 19.142 | 13736.161 | 578.166 Iraq | 13.817 | 2940.165 | 537.884 Jordan | 8.695 | 532.211 | 335.826 Kuwait | 10.735 | 245.480 | 431.737 Lebanon | 30.183 | 1574.175 | 1188.374 Libya | 11.391 | 545.607 | 437.898 Mauritania | 3.131 | 61.289 | 123.800 Morocco | 4.276 | 1256.646 | 166.255 Oman …

Burden of cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region, 2005-2015: findings from the Global Burden of Disease 2015 Study.

ObjectivesTo estimate incidence, mortality, and disability-adjusted life years (DALYs) caused by cancer in the Eastern Mediterranean Region (EMR) between 2005 and 2015.MethodsVital registration system and cancer registry data from the EMR region were analyzed for 29 cancer groups in 22 EMR countries using the Global Burden of Disease Study 2015 methodology.ResultsIn 2015, cancer was responsible for 9.4% of all deaths and 5.1% of all DALYs. It accounted for 722,646 new cases, 379,093 deaths, and 11.7 million DALYs. Between 2005 and 2015, incident cases increased by 46%, deaths by 33%, and DALYs

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… Change in age-specific incident rates ranged between −17.1% in Bahrain and 25.2% in Oman relative to the overall change in incident cases (Table 1 ). … Deena Alasfoor, MSc, Ministry of Health, Al Khuwair, Oman. Raghib Ali, MSc, University of Oxford, Oxford, United Kingdom. Reza Alizadeh-Navaei, PhD, Gastrointestinal Cancer Research Center, Mazandaran University of Medical Sciences, Sari, Iran. …

Adie's syndrome in a recovered case of Bell's palsy - A rare case report.

This article describes a rare case where a patient developed Adie's pupil after recovering from Bell's palsy. Adie's pupil, caused by parasympathetic involvement, presents as a dilated, poorly reactive pupil with reduced accommodation; Bell's palsy involves facial nerve dysfunction leading to facial paralysis, usually resolving within 6 months. The patient, with a prior history of fully resolved Bell's palsy, presented with right-sided Adie's pupil and absent deep tendon reflexes. Diagnosis was confirmed with 0.125% pilocarpine. While Adie's pupil has been linked to other conditions, its occur