Результаты поиска

Cost-effectiveness Analysis of Nutrition Facts Added-Sugar Labeling and Obesity-Associated Cancer Rates in the US.

ImportanceObesity-associated cancer burdens are increasing in the US. Nutrition policies, such as the Nutrition Facts added-sugar labeling, may reduce obesity-associated cancer rates.ObjectiveTo evaluate the cost-effectiveness of Nutrition Facts added-sugar labeling and obesity-associated cancer rates in the US.Design, setting, and participantsA probabilistic cohort state-transition model was used to conduct an economic evaluation of added-sugar labeling and 13 obesity-associated cancers among 235 million adults aged 20 years or older by age, sex, and race/ethnicity over a median follow-up of

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… in added sugar content, resulting in a reduction of 8.25% of added-sugar intake associated with the policy intervention | FDA’s Regulatory Impact Analysis; UK sugar reduction strategy 8 , 9 3. … and a 0.23-point BMI reduction among overweight/obese individuals | A meta-analysis of prospective cohort studies 12 Assumption: an 8-oz sugar-sweetened beverage contains 20 g of added sugar based on NHANES; non–sugar-sweetened beverage added sugars has the same impact; the association between added …

The Evaluation of Cytotoxic Properties from CCB-2 Sugar Complexes Against TNBC and Non-TNBC Cells.

OBJECTIVE: The progress from Boron Neutron Capture Therapy (BNCT) development urged us to explore new targeted and selective boron carriers. Firstly, we reported the successful synthesis of CCB-2 which exerts a cytotoxic effect against triple negative breast cancer (TNBC) cells. We introduced the new modification of CCB-2 with sugar and alcohol sugars to enhance its solubility in hoping to increase cellular uptake. METHODS: CCB-2 fructose complex (CCB-2-F), CCB-2 sorbitol complex (CCB-2-Sor), and CCB-2 xylitol complex (CCB-2-Xy) were obtained with small size within nano-specific particle. All…

Dietary Sugar Exposure and Oral Health Status in Children with Autism Spectrum Disorder: A Case-control Study.

This case-control study compared dietary sugar exposure and oral health status between children with and without Autism Spectrum Disorder (ASD), aged 5-12 years (n = 136, each). Data regarding socio-demographics, child's oral hygiene practices and behavior, diet-related behavior, oral habits and dental trauma were obtained. Child's diet on the previous day was recorded using 24-h recall method and sugar exposure was calculated using Dental Diet Diary (D3) mobile application. Oral Hygiene Index-Simplified (OHI-S), deft and DMFT were recorded. Results showed no significant differences in sugar e

Liver lipidome signature and metabolic pathways in nonalcoholic fatty liver disease induced by a high-sugar diet.

Dietary sugar is an important determinant of the development and progression of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD). However, the molecular mechanisms underlying the deleterious effects of sugar intake on NAFLD under energy-balanced conditions are still poorly understood. Here, we provide a comprehensive analysis of the liver lipidome and mechanistic insights into the pathogenesis of NAFLD induced by the chronic consumption of high-sugar diet (HSD). Newly weaned male Wistar rats were fed either a standard chow diet or an isocaloric HSD for 18 weeks. Livers were harvested for histological,

Influence of total sugar intake on metabolic blood markers at 8 years of age in the Childhood Obesity Project.

PURPOSE: We aimed to characterize the association of dietary sugar intake with blood lipids and glucose-related markers in childhood. METHODS: Data from the multicentric European Childhood Obesity Project Trial were used. Three-day weighed dietary records were obtained at 8 years of age along with serum concentrations of triglycerides, total cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C), glucose, and insulin. Total sugar intake comprised all mono- and disaccharides; different sugar sources were defined. Linear regression models were applied to

Cost-Effectiveness of a National Sugar-Sweetened Beverage Tax to Reduce Cancer Burdens and Disparities in the United States.

BackgroundSugar-sweetened beverage (SSB) consumption contributes to obesity, a risk factor for 13 cancers. Although SSB taxes can reduce intake, the health and economic impact on reducing cancer burdens in the United States are unknown, especially among low-income Americans with higher SSB intake and obesity-related cancer burdens.MethodsWe used the Diet and Cancer Outcome Model, a probabilistic cohort state-transition model, to project health gains and economic benefits of a penny-per-ounce national SSB tax on reducing obesity-associated cancers among US adults aged 20 years and older by inco

Analysis of aroma components from sugarcane to non-centrifugal cane sugar using GC-O-MS.

A total of 84 volatile aroma components were determined in the 9 samples of sugarcane to non-centrifugal sugar (NCS), including 15 alcohols, 12 aldehydes, 10 ketones, 17 carboxylic acids, 11 pyrazines, 7 phenols, 3 esters, 3 hydrocarbons, and 2 sulfur compounds. Of these compounds, 10 were with high flavor dilution (FD) factors based on the aroma extract dilution analysis (AEDA). 4-Hydroxy-2,5-dimethyl-3(2H)furanone exhibited the highest FD factor of 2187, followed by (E)-2-nonenal, 2-hydroxy-3-methyl-2-cyclopentene-1-one, and 4-allyl-2,6-dimethoxyphenol with a FD factor of 729. The odor compo

A comparison of sugar-tong and volar-dorsal splints for provisional immobilization of distal radius fractures in the adult population.

INTRODUCTION: Distal radius fractures are extremely common injuries affecting a wide range of patient demographics. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the outcomes of distal radius fractures managed initially with closed reduction and immobilization in either a below elbow volar-dorsal splint versus sugar-tong splint prior to conversion into a short arm cast. METHODS: We performed a retrospective study of patients with distal radius fractures placed in a sugar-tong (n = 45) and volar-dorsal splint (n = 36). Anteroposterior and lateral radiographs were evaluated immediately after closed

Overlapping spatial clusters of sugar-sweetened beverage intake and body mass index in Geneva state, Switzerland.

BACKGROUND: Obesity and obesity-related diseases represent a major public health concern. Recently, studies have substantiated the role of sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs) consumption in the development of these diseases. The fine identification of populations and areas in need for public health intervention remains challenging. This study investigates the existence of spatial clustering of SSB intake frequency (SSB-IF) and body mass index (BMI), and their potential spatial overlap in a population of adults of the state of Geneva using a fine-scale geospatial approach. METHODS: We used data o

Effect of metformin on insulin levels, blood sugar, and body mass index in polycystic ovarian syndrome cases.

INTRODUCTION: Polycystic ovarian syndrome (PCOS) presents as an extremely heterogeneous condition that includes chronic anovulation, hyperandrogenism, hyperlipidemia, and hyperinsulinemia along with enlarged polycystic ovaries. Insulin resistance is thought to be a pathogenic factor in women having PCOS along with increased incidence of metabolic disturbances. MATERIALS AND METHODS: After obtaining ethical clearance, the girls of various colleges in Patiala were verbally sensitized to the symptoms of PCOS, and then given semistructured proformas subsequent to written informed consent. The stu

Direct immobilization of sugar probes on bovine serum albumin-coated gold substrate for the development of glycan biosensors.

Glycan biosensors based on surface plasmon resonance (SPR) spectroscopy have attracted a great deal of interest due to their potential applications in numerous biological and biomedical fields. Controlled immobilization of sugar probes on a gold substrate is believed to be critical for the performance of these SPR biosensors. In this regard, herein the authors report a direct coupling of mannose probes with bovine serum albumin (BSA) layer on the gold substrate via a squaric acid-mediated reaction under mild conditions, in which the BSA layer provides not only reactive amine groups but also a

The use of povidone-iodine and sugar solution in surgical wound dehiscence in the head and neck following radio-chemotherapy.

Povidone-iodine is known for successfully treating surgical wounds; the combination between povidone-iodine and sugar, also called Knutson's formula, has been proposed to improve wound healing. Currently, no studies have investigated the effects of Knutson's formula to treat defects in wound closure following radio-chemotherapy in the head and neck region. The aim of this study is to evaluate the efficacy of Knutson's formula in improving the wound-healing process in patients who underwent radio-chemotherapy after surgery for head and neck cancer. The study, conducted from August 2013 to Janua

Historicizing Modern Slavery: Free-Grown Sugar as an Ethics-Driven Market Category in Nineteenth-Century Britain.

OBJECTIVE: Circadian and sleep disruption may increase the risk and severity of SARS-CoV-2 infections, but the role of night shift work and disturbed sleep in the development of long-COVID remains inadequately investigated. We prospectively examined the association of night work and sleep disturbances with risk of long-COVID. METHODS: We followed participants of the COVICAT study, a population-based cohort of adults in Catalonia, Spain between 2021 and 2023. Night shift work and sleep characteristics were assessed in 2021. Long-COVID was defined as the report of persistent symptoms (>3 months

Effect of sugar-free Qishan granules on glucose and lipid metabolism and insulin resistance in a rat model of prediabetes.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of the Traditional Chinese Medicine Qishan granules (TCM Qishan) on glucose and lipid metabolism, plasma adiponectin, and insulin resistance (IR) in a rat model of prediabetes. METHODS: A prediabetic rat model was established by high-fat diet-feeding. Sugar-free Qishan granules, rosiglitazone, or no treatment were then administered for 10 weeks, after which body mass, fasting blood glucose (FBG), 2-h postprandial blood glucose (2hPG), hemoglobin A1c (HbA1c), fasting insulin (FINS), 2-h postprandial insulin (2hINS), plasma adiponectin (APN), plasma lipids,

Hybridity has a greater effect than paternal genome dosage on heterosis in sugar beet (Beta vulgaris).

BACKGROUND: The phenomenon of heterosis is critical to plant breeding and agricultural productivity. Heterosis occurs when F1 hybrid offspring display quantitative improvements in traits to levels that do not occur in the parents. Increasing the genome dosage (i.e. ploidy level) of F1 offspring can contribute to heterosis effects. Sugar beet (Beta vulgaris) provides a model for investigating the relative effects of genetic hybridity and genome dosage on heterosis. Sugar beet lines of different ploidy levels were crossed to generate diploid and triploid F1 offspring to investigate the effect of

Hearing Status in Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus According to Blood-Sugar Control: A Comparative Study.

INTRODUCTION: It seems that diabetes mellitus (DM) can affect the auditory system due to neuropathy, micro-vascular complications, and hearing cell damage during hyperglycemic states. In the current study, we aimed to compare hearing status in patients with type 2 DM (T2DM) according to their blood-sugar control status. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This cross-sectional study was carried out in 104 patients with T2DM attending the diabetic clinics of Guilan University of Medical Sciences within a period of 1 year (2014-2015). One group consisted of 52 patients with poor control and the other consist

Fermentable Sugar Ingestion, Gas Production, and Gastrointestinal and Central Nervous System Symptoms in Patients With Functional Disorders.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: Functional gastrointestinal disorders (FGID) are defined by broad phenotypic descriptions and exclusion of recognizable disease. FGIDs cause multi-organ symptoms and abnormal results in a wide range of laboratory tests, indicating broad mechanisms of pathogenesis. Many patients with FGID develop symptoms following ingestion of fermentable sugars; we investigated the associations between symptoms and intestinal gas production following sugar provocation tests to elucidate mechanisms of FGID. METHODS: We performed fructose and lactose breath tests in 2042 patients with a diag…

Determination of the binding affinities of Neisseria meningitidis serogroup W capsule polymerase with two nucleotide sugar substrates.

OBJECTIVE: Meningococcal meningitis is a public health burden. Immunization strategies have reduced global incidence of the disease. Glycoconjugate vaccines are the most effective type of vaccine to combat most causes of meningococcal meningitis. These vaccines contain capsular polysaccharide fragments from disease-causing serogroups of Neisseria meningitidis that are chemically attached to a carrier protein. The enzymes responsible for capsular polysaccharide synthesis can serve as tools to make these critical vaccine components. One such enzyme is the N. meningitidis serogroup W capsule poly

A pooled analysis of dietary sugar/carbohydrate intake and esophageal and gastric cardia adenocarcinoma incidence and survival in the USA.

BACKGROUND: During the past 40 years, esophageal/gastric cardia adenocarcinoma (EA/GCA) incidence increased in Westernized countries, but survival remained low. A parallel increase in sugar intake, which may facilitate carcinogenesis by promoting hyperglycaemia, led us to examine sugar/carbohydrate intake in association with EA/GCA incidence and survival. METHODS: We pooled 500 EA cases, 529 GCA cases and 2027 controls from two US population-based case-control studies with cases followed for vital status. Dietary intake, assessed by study-specific food frequency questionnaires, was harmonized

Impact of liver fat on the differential partitioning of hepatic triacylglycerol into VLDL subclasses on high and low sugar diets.

Dietary sugars are linked to the development of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) and dyslipidaemia, but it is unknown if NAFLD itself influences the effects of sugars on plasma lipoproteins. To study this further, men with NAFLD (n = 11) and low liver fat 'controls' (n = 14) were fed two iso-energetic diets, high or low in sugars (26% or 6% total energy) for 12 weeks, in a randomised, cross-over design. Fasting plasma lipid and lipoprotein kinetics were measured after each diet by stable isotope trace-labelling.There were significant differences in the production and catabolic rates o…