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Development of a Horseradish Peroxidase-Based Electrochemical Biosensor for Melatonin Detection.

A horseradish peroxidase (HRP)-based electrochemical biosensor was developed for melatonin (MLT) detection using a graphene-modified screen-printed electrode (G/SPE). HRP was immobilized at different temperatures (4 °C and 20 °C) and enzyme amounts (10 and 20 µL of 5 mg/mL HRP solution) to optimize the performance of the biosensors. FTIR analysis confirmed successful enzyme immobilization, while differential pulse voltammetry (DPV) showed a clear oxidation peak of MLT at 1.1 V with enhanced current responses for HRP-modified electrodes. The optimal biosensor, prepared at 4 °C with 10 µL enzyme…

Intestinal production of melatonin and its putative role as a circadian organizer.

Pineal melatonin is a potent synchronizer within the circadian system. Certain extra-pineal tissues also synthesize melatonin, including the gastrointestinal organs, whose melatonin contents can exceed that of pineal severalfold. Considering the role of pineal melatonin as a general synchronizer, we investigated whether the intestinal melatonin could serve a similar role in the local organization of the metabolic events, as a core element of the Food-Entrainable Oscillator (FEO). To be considered so, the intestinal secretory activity should meet some requirements: it should have self-sustained…

Preventive Antiarrhythmic Properties of Melatonin in Experimental Diabetic Cardiomyopathy in Rats.

Diabetes mellitus (DM) promotes cardiac arrhythmias, whereas melatonin confers antiarrhythmic effects. Cellular targets modified by DM and melatonin largely overlap, which warrants testing melatonin as an antiarrhythmic agent in DM. Herein, we evaluated electrophysiological and antiarrhythmic properties of melatonin in the experimental DM model. Experiments were performed in 41 control and 71 diabetic rats. 34 diabetic animals were treated with melatonin (orally, 10 mg/kg daily) for 1 month, and 37 diabetic animals received a placebo. Electrophysiological studies included electrocardiography, …

Visible light, oxidative stress, and reproduction: The protective role of melatonin.

Melatonin, a hormone produced by the pineal gland and reproductive tissues, regulates circadian rhythms, antioxidant activity, and fertility. Artificial light at night suppresses melatonin, leading to increased oxidative stress and compromised sperm and egg quality. During assisted reproductive technologies (ART), light exposure generates harmful reactive oxygen species (ROS), impairing gametes and embryos. Melatonin counteracts ROS, enhances antioxidant defenses, and improves embryo development, blastocyst formation, and implantation. This review examines melatonin's protective role in reprod…

Preclinical Evidence for a Drug-Drug Interaction Between Cannabinol and Melatonin.

The worldwide legalization of medicinal cannabis has led to an increased use of products made by commercial operators. These products often contain minor cannabinoids such as cannabinol (CBN) which are advertised to improve sleep. Products are also available in which CBN is combined with conventional therapies, with a common product containing both CBN and the widely used sleep-aid melatonin. The combination of CBN and melatonin provides potential for a pharmacokinetic drug-drug interaction (DDI) given that cannabinoids are known to inhibit drug-metabolizing enzymes. Indeed, we recently report…

Effects of melatonin on in vitro oocyte maturation and embryo development in pigs.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: In vitro fertilization (IVF) efficiency in pigs remains suboptimal, partly due to oxidative stress during oocyte maturation and embryo development. Melatonin (MLT), an endogenous antioxidant, has been proposed as a beneficial supplement in reproductive culture systems. This study aimed to evaluate the effects of different concentrations of MLT on in vitro porcine oocyte maturation and subsequent embryo development. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Ovaries were obtained from prepubertal gilts at a local slaughterhouse. A total of 1142 cumulus-oocyte-complexes (COC) were allocated int…

Melatonin in Glaucoma: Integrative Mechanisms of Intraocular Pressure Control and Neuroprotection.

Background: Glaucoma is a leading cause of irreversible visual loss worldwide, characterized by progressive retinal ganglion cell (RGC) degeneration and optic nerve damage. Current therapies mainly focus on lowering intraocular pressure (IOP), yet fail to address pressure-independent neurodegenerative mechanisms. Melatonin, an endogenously produced indoleamine, has gained attention for its potential in modulating both IOP and neurodegeneration through diverse cellular pathways. This review evaluates the therapeutic relevance of melatonin in glaucoma by examining its mechanistic actions and eme…

Quantification of Melatonin with Immunoassay and Liquid Chromatography-Tandem Mass Spectrometry.

Melatonin, a key hormone in regulating circadian rhythms and sleep-wake cycles, presents challenges for quantification in C57BL/6 mice. C57BL/6 mice are the most used mouse strain for laboratory studies due to their inherent melatonin deficiency. This strain exhibits very low or undetectable melatonin levels in the pineal gland and blood, complicating standardization efforts in melatonin research. Here we present two primary techniques for melatonin detection in C57BL/6 mouse blood: radioimmunoassay (RIA), using the Novolytix (formerly Buhlmann) kit, and liquid chromatography-tandem mass spect…

Мелатонин улучшает астроглиоз и микроглиоз в мышечной модели купризоны.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ И ЦЕЛЬ: В ряде исследований сообщалось, что мелатонин участвует в совершенствовании подстрекательского процесса, совершенствовании функции миелина и регенерации центральной нервной системы (ЦНС). Нынешнее исследование направлено на оценку защитного воздействия мелатонина в кустарной зоне (КХЗ) в результате повреждения миелина в корпусе каллосум (КЦ) и изучение вероятных основополагающих механизмов способности к ремиелинации и/или нейрозащиты.Мы управляли кухонной зоной в чау в одиночестве каждый день. 6 Мы изучали демиэлизацию с помощью пятна LFB, пятна олигодендроцита с

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Several investigations have reported that melatonin is involved in the amelioration of the inflammatory process, improvement of myelin function, and regeneration in the central nervous system (CNS). The current study aimed to evaluate the protective effect of melatonin in cuprizone (CPZ)-induced myelin damage in the corpus callosum (C…

Evaluation of salivary melatonin and MMP-9 levels in periodontal diseases.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate salivary matrix metalloproteinase-9 (MMP-9) and melatonin levels in individuals with periodontal health, gingivitis, and periodontitis. DESIGN: A total of 170 participants were enrolled in this study. They included 57 periodontally healthy individuals, 58 gingivitis patients, and 55 periodontitis patients. Saliva samples were collected by passive drool technique. The levels of MMP-9 and melatonin in saliva were measured biochemically using the ELISA method. RESULTS: Salivary MMP-9 levels in the periodontitis group were significantly higher tha…

Chronobiotic and cytoprotective activity of melatonin in the cardiovascular system. Doses matter.

A circadian disruption, manifested by disturbed sleep and low-grade inflammation, is commonly seen in cardiovascular diseases (CVDs). The decline in plasma melatonin, which is a conserved phylogenetic molecule across all known aerobic creatures, is also a common feature in CVDs. The daily evening pineal melatonin surge synchronizes both the central pacemaker located in the hypothalamic suprachiasmatic nuclei and myriads of cellular clocks in the periphery ("chronobiotic effect"). Melatonin also has cytoprotective properties, acting primarily not only as an antioxidant by buffering free radical…

A Comprehensive Review on the Role of Melatonin's Anesthetic Applications in Pediatric Care.

Anesthesia is critical to pediatric care, ensuring the safety and comfort of children undergoing medical procedures. With a growing interest in alternative anesthetic agents, melatonin has emerged as a promising candidate due to its sedative, analgesic, anti-inflammatory, and neuroprotective properties. This comprehensive review explores the potential applications of melatonin in pediatric anesthesia. We delve into the pharmacological characteristics of melatonin, its anesthetic properties, and its clinical applications in pediatric care, including preoperative sedation, adjunct to general ane…

The effect of phototherapy treatment on serum melatonin levels in term newborns.

BACKGROUND/AIM: The aim of this study was to investigate the effect of phototherapy treatment on serum melatonin levels in term newborn infants. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This study was planned as a single-center, prospective, observational, case-control study. Term infants (gestation week ≥37 weeks) who received at least 6 h of phototherapy due to jaundice constitute the phototherapy group, while the term infants without jaundice and who were exclusively breastfed constitute the control group. Melatonin levels were examined by taking blood samples from babies in both groups at 02:00 at night. Me…

Unveiling the Protective Role of Melatonin in Osteosarcoma: Current Knowledge and Limitations.

Melatonin, an endogenous neurohormone produced by the pineal gland, has received increased interest due to its potential anti-cancer properties. Apart from its well-known role in the sleep-wake cycle, extensive scientific evidence has shown its role in various physiological and pathological processes, such as inflammation. Additionally, melatonin has demonstrated promising potential as an anti-cancer agent as its function includes inhibition of tumorigenesis, induction of apoptosis, and regulation of anti-tumor immune response. Although a precise pathophysiological mechanism is yet to be estab…

Melatonin and Its Role in the Epithelial-to-Mesenchymal Transition (EMT) in Cancer.

The epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a cell-biological program that occurs during the progression of several physiological proc … target genes act downstream of the EMT master TFs; thus, Twist1 upregulates the levels of miR-10b. Melatonin is an endogenously produced hormone released mainly by the pineal gland. It is widely accepted that melatonin exerts oncostatic actions in a large variety of tumors, inhibiting the initiation, progression and invasion phases of tumorigenesis. The mo …

Role of melatonin in mitigation of insulin resistance and ensuing diabetic cardiomyopathy.

Addressing insulin resistance or hyperinsulinemia might offer a viable treatment approach to stop the onset of diabetic cardiomyopathy, as t … , and, ultimately, systolic heart failure are the outcomes of these pathophysiological alterations. Melatonin is a ubiquitous indoleamine, a widely distributed compound secreted mainly by the pineal gland, and serves a variety of purposes in almost every living creature. Melatonin is found to play a leading role by improving myocardial cell metabolism, decr …

Melatonin Sources in Sheep Rumen and Its Role in Reproductive Physiology.

In mammals, the melatonin (Mel) concentration in the gastrointestinal tract is 400 times greater than in the pineal gland. However, the origin of Mel in the gastrointestinal tract and its role in reproductive regulation remains unclear. Therefore, we analyzed three potential Mel sources (feed, microorganisms, and the rumen wall) for their contribution to high Mel levels in the rumen and their biological effects. The feed contained high Mel concentrations, and Mel in rumen fluid and blood peaked two hours after feeding. Rumen microbial analysis showed a strong positive correlation between Mel a…

The potential therapeutic role of melatonin in organ fibrosis: a comprehensive review.

Organ fibrosis is a pathological process characterized by the inability of normal tissue cells to regenerate sufficiently to meet the dynamic repair demands of chronic injury, resulting in excessive extracellular matrix deposition and ultimately leading to organ dysfunction. Despite the increasing depth of research in the field of organ fibrosis and a more comprehensive understanding of its pathogenesis, effective treatments for fibrosis-related diseases are still lacking. Melatonin, a neuroendocrine hormone synthesized by the pineal gland, plays a crucial role in regulating biological rhythms…

Melatonin and Ramelteon for the treatment of delirium: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of melatonin and melatonergic agonist for the treatment of delirium in hospitalized patients. METHODS: Embase, MEDLINE, PsycINFO, PubMed, CENTRAL, Cochrane Database of Systematic Reviews, TRIP Medical Database, ClinicalTrials.gov and Google were searched from inception to October 2022. Randomized controlled trials (RCT) and observational studies with any type of comparator evaluating melatonin or melatonergic agonist (ramelteon) enrolling any populations (ICU, surgery, geriatric) were included. Two reviewers independently selected and extracted data using the…