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Exposome and unhealthy aging: environmental drivers from air pollution to occupational exposures.

The aging population worldwide is facing a significant increase in age-related non-communicable diseases, including cardiovascular and brain pathologies. This comprehensive review paper delves into the impact of the exposome, which encompasses the totality of environmental exposures, on unhealthy aging. It explores how environmental factors contribute to the acceleration of aging processes, increase biological age, and facilitate the development and progression of a wide range of age-associated diseases. The impact of environmental factors on cognitive health and the development of chronic age

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… Polychlorinated biphenyls (PCBs) are persistent organic pollutants that were widely used in electrical equipment and industrial applications. Exposure to PCBs has been associated with adverse effects on the musculoskeletal system [ 368 – 370 ]. …

From Cells to Environment: Exploring the Interplay between Factors Shaping Bone Health and Disease.

The skeletal system is an extraordinary structure that serves multiple purposes within the body, including providing support, facilitating movement, and safeguarding vital organs. Moreover, it acts as a reservoir for essential minerals crucial for overall bodily function. The intricate interplay of bone cells plays a critical role in maintaining bone homeostasis, ensuring a delicate balance. However, various factors, both intrinsic and extrinsic, can disrupt this vital physiological process. These factors encompass genetics, aging, dietary and lifestyle choices, the gut microbiome, environment

World Trade Center Health Program: First Decade of Research.

The terrorist attacks on 11 September 2001 placed nearly a half million people at increased risk of adverse health. Health effects research began shortly after and continues today, now mostly as a coordinated effort under the federally mandated World Trade Center (WTC) Health Program (WTCHP). Established in 2011, the WTCHP provides medical monitoring and treatment of covered health conditions for responders and survivors and maintains a research program aimed to improve the care and well-being of the affected population. By 2020, funds in excess of USD 127 M had been awarded for health effects

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… Research topics include adverse health effects from prenatal exposures to chemicals and persistent organic pollutants on a variety of health outcomes, longitudinal health and behavioral outcomes, mental health, risk behaviors, health service needs and use, and gene-environment interactions, among others … Most studies evaluated health effects (primarily neurodevelopment and cognitive effects) from prenatal exposures to chemicals and persistent organic pollutants. …

Update on Occupational Cancer for Better Cancer Prevention and Control.

Occupational cancer remains an ongoing and emerging issue in cancer prevention and control and is more easily preventable in practice than other causes. As of 2024, changes in various aspects, such as methods for estimating the burden of cancer, evidence on novel carcinogens and classification systems, modernization of working conditions, job characteristics, occupational exposure, and societal changes have played a significant role. Furthermore, advances in technology, including wearable devices, exposome, and biomedical technology, offer more precise methods for identifying the associations

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… They have the potential to be used as biomarkers for detecting the genotoxicity and carcinogenicity of chemicals and for indicating exposure to carcinogens such as asbestos [ 42 ] and persistent organic pollutants (POP) [ 43 ]. … organic pollutants strongly affects the human blood microRNA machinery Sci Rep 2017 7 1 9262 28835693 10.1038/s41598-017-10167-7 PMC5569060 44 Rothman N Vermeulen R Zhang L Hu W Yin S Rappaport SM Metabolome-wide association study of occupational exposure to benzene Carcinogenesis 2021 42 11 1326 36 …

Cancer disparities: an extensive review.

Cancer disparities are persistently a significant public health burden worldwide and disproportionately impact the underserved populations. To effectively combat cancer disparities, a clear understanding of their causes and patterns is essential. Currently, government data and peer-reviewed research journals display a wide range of data to describe the extent of different cancer disparities. However, there are still gaps in understanding the scope and patterns of these disparities and in adopting practical approaches to eliminate them adequately. Accordingly, we examine essential topics that a

Linking Air Pollution and Hematologic Malignancies: From Epidemiology to Molecular Mechanisms.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: Outdoor air pollution (OAP) is a major global environmental health threat associated with respiratory disease and solid tumors, with growing evidence linking it to hematologic malignancies. This review summarizes the molecular mechanisms and epidemiologic evidence connecting OAP exposure to acute and chronic leukemias, lymphomas, myelodysplastic syndromes (MDS), clonal hematopoiesis of indeterminate potential (CHIP), and multiple myeloma (MM). RECENT FINDINGS: Pollutants implicated in hematologic carcinogenesis include particulate matter (PM), benzene, nitrogen dioxide (NO₂

Levels of heavy metals in adolescents living in the industrialised area of Milazzo-Valle del Mela (northern Sicily).

In the Milazzo-Valle del Mela area, the presence of industrial plants and the oil refinery make local residents concerned for their health. For this reason, we evaluated the levels of heavy metals in 226 children aged 12-14 years, living in the 7 municipalities of the area. A control age-matched population (n = 29) living 45 km far from the industrial site was also enrolled. Arsenic, cadmium, chromium, mercury, nickel, and vanadium were analysed in 24 h urine samples, while lead concentration was evaluated in blood samples. A questionnaire regarding life style and risk perception was also admi

Monitoring residues of pesticides in food in Brazil: A multiscale analysis of the main contaminants, dietary cancer risk estimative and mechanisms associated.

IntroductionPesticides pose a risk for cancer development and progression. People are continuously exposed to such substances by several routes, including daily intake of contaminated food and water, especially in countries that are highly pesticide consumers and have very permissive legislation about pesticide contamination as Brazil. This work investigated the relationship among pesticides, food contamination, and dietary cancer risk.MethodsAnalyzed two social reports from the Brazilian Government: the Program for Analysis of Residues of Pesticides in Food (PARA) and The National Program for

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… Most of them are considered persistent organic pollutants that can accumulate in the ecosystem and remain in the environment for considerable periods due to their lipophilic characteristic and long half-life ( 1 – 3 ). … Association of colorectal polyps and cancer with low-dose persistent organic pollutants: a case-control study . PLoS ONE. ( 2018 ) 13 : e0208546 . 10.1371/journal.pone.0208546 30521631 PMC6283632 2. Medeiros JF Acayaba RD Montagner CC . …

Chained Risk Assessment for Life-Long Disease Burden of Early Exposures - Demonstration of Concept Using Prenatal Maternal Smoking.

Traditional risk factors and environmental exposures only explain less than half of the disease burden. The developmental origin of the health and disease (DOHaD) concept proposes that prenatal and early postnatal exposures increase disease susceptibility throughout life. The aim of this work is to demonstrate the application of the DOHaD concept in a chained risk assessment and to provide an estimate of later in life burden of disease related to maternal smoking. We conducted three systematic literature searches for meta-analysis and reviewed the literature reporting meta-analyses of long-ter

Risks related to the domestic laundering of filling station attendant uniforms: advances and uncertainties.

Gasoline is the most common transportation fuel in Brazil, with up to 1% of benzene. Benzene is a health-damaging organic solvent that is extensively used worldwide, being classified as a human carcinogen by the International Agency for Research on Cancer (Group 1). Many workers at filling stations are exposed to benzene, present in gasoline. The main routes of exposure and absorption of benzene are inhalation, oral, and dermal routes. The penetration and maintenance of benzene and other chemicals on personal protective equipment and clothing of workers who manipulate these solvents may increa

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… Peer reviewed: tracking the distribution of persistent organic pollutants. Environ Sci Technol. 1996;30(9):390A–396A. doi: 10.1021/es962399q. 30. Chin JY, Batterman SA. Permeation of gasoline, diesel, bioethanol (E85), and biodiesel (B20) fuels through six glove materials. …

Residential green spaces and neurodegenerative diseases in middle-aged and older adults: a systematic review and dose-response meta-analysis.

BackgroundThe potential protective role of residential green space against neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) is a topic of growing interest, yet evidence remains inconsistent. This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to synthesize the current evidence on this association in middle-aged and older adults.MethodsWe searched PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library through March 15, 2025, for observational studies that evaluated the association between objectively measured residential green space and the incidence of NDs in middle-aged and older adults. Risk of bias was assess

Cancer incidence in the vicinity of open landfills in Guadeloupe, French West Indies.

BackgroundPeople living in the vicinity of a landfill may be exposed to a wide range of pollutants, with possible subsequent health effects, including increased risks of cancer. The aim of the present study was to explore associations between cancer incidence and proximity to the main open landfills in Guadeloupe.MethodsWe used data from the Guadeloupe cancer registry over the period from 2008 to 2017. We conducted analyses for the 18 most frequent cancer sites. We used the Besag York and Mollié model to study the association between cancer incidence and distance from a landfill, with adjustme

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… In another study, an increased risk of being hospitalized for exocrine pancreatic cancer was associated with residential exposure to VOCs and persistent organic pollutants arising from hazardous waste sites. …

Health Risks from Microplastics in Intravenous Infusions: Evidence from Italy, Spain, and Ecuador.

The rising incidence of microplastics (MPs) is a possible health risk to humans. The present study aims to analyze the presence of MPs in intravenous (IV) infusions and compare MP concentrations from multiple brands. The IV solutions of 29 medical devices (IV-MDs) from seven brands commercialized in Ecuador, Spain, and Italy have been selected under specific consideration to carry out the study. The detection of MPs has been quite obvious in almost all of the samples from brands in the mentioned countries. MP concentrations ranged from 9 to 20 MPs/L in glass containers to 166-299 MPs/L in plas

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… Lead, cadmium, and mercury are examples of heavy metals; polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons (PAHs); persistent organic pollutants (POPs), including dioxins and PCBs; and organophosphate esters (OPEs), which are employed as plasticizers and flame retardants [ 23 , 24 ]. … Organic Pollutants PP | Polypropylene PPN | Peripheral Parenteral Nutrition PS | Polystyrene PVA | Polyvinyl Alcohol PVC | Polyvinyl Chloride PU | Polyurethane RH | Relative Humidity ROS | Reactive Oxygen Species SBR | Styrene-Butadiene SEM | Scanning Electron Microscopy TDCPP | Tris(1,3-dichloro-2- …

Research progress on arsenic, arsenic-containing medicinal materials, and arsenic-containing preparations: clinical application, pharmacological effects, and toxicity.

Introduction: The toxicity of arsenic is widely recognized globally, mainly harming human health by polluting water, soil, and food. However, its formulations can also be used for the clinical treatment of diseases such as leukemia and tumors. Arsenic has been used as a drug in China for over 2,400 years, with examples such as the arsenic-containing drug realgar mentioned in Shennong's Herbal Classic. We have reviewed references on arsenic over the past thirty years and found that research has mainly focused on clinical, pharmacological, and toxicological aspects. Results and Discussion: The f

Воздействие нефтеперерабатывающих и биотопливных заводов на здоровье человека: карта систематических доказательств и обзор скопирования.

ЦЕЛЬ ОБЗОРА: Нефтеперерабатывающие заводы являются важными источниками выбросов токсичных загрязнителей во всем мире, которые угрожают здоровью работников нефтеперерабатывающих предприятий и близлежащего населения. Мы провели обзор эпидемиологических данных об остром и хроническом воздействии нефтеперерабатывающих и биотопливных заводов на здоровье окружающих общин. Мы провели оценку доказательств с использованием оценок риска предубеждений и зафиксировали полученные результаты на карте доказательств для выявления пробелов в литературе. Мы систематически искали исследования, опубликованные к а

Fc Epsilon RI-Neuroimmune Interplay in Pruritus Triggered by Particulate Matter in Atopic Dermatitis Patients.

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is the most common chronic relapsing neuroinflammatory skin disease that is characterized by a complex and multifactorial pathophysiology. It reflects a profound interplay between genetic and environmental factors, and a recently disclosed neuroimmune dysregulation that drives skin barrier disruption, pruritus, and microbial imbalance. In terms of the key external environmental players that impact AD, air quality and itch severity linkage have been thoroughly researched. The impact of ambient air pollutants including particulate matter (PM) and AD pruritic exacerbation h

Genetic Syndromes, Maternal Diseases and Antenatal Factors Associated with Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASD).

Autism spectrum disorder (ASD) affecting about 1% of all children is associated, in addition to complex genetic factors, with a variety of prenatal, perinatal, and postnatal etiologies. In addition, ASD is often an important clinical presentation of some well-known genetic syndromes in human. We discuss these syndromes as well as the role of the more important prenatal factors affecting the fetus throughout pregnancy which may also be associated with ASD. Among the genetic disorders we find Fragile X, Rett syndrome, tuberous sclerosis, Timothy syndrome, Phelan-McDermid syndrome, Hamartoma tumo

Exploring the Molecular Mechanisms by Which DEHP Promotes the Occurrence and Progression of Kidney Stones Based on Network Toxicology and Experimental Validation.

BACKGROUND: The global burden of kidney stones is increasing, while di(2-ethylhexyl) phthalate (DEHP), a widespread plasticizer and endocrine-disrupting pollutant, has been implicated as a potential environmental risk factor. This study investigated the mechanisms by which DEHP may aggravate calcium oxalate kidney stones through network toxicology, computational analyses, and experimental validation. METHODS: DEHP- and kidney stone-related targets were retrieved from six databases. Shared targets were analyzed using protein-protein interaction networks and Gene Ontology and Kyoto Encyclopedia

Global, regional, and national comparative risk assessment of 84 behavioural, environmental and occupational, and metabolic risks or clusters of risks, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

BACKGROUND: The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016 (GBD 2016) provides a comprehensive assessment of risk factor exposure and attributable burden of disease. By providing estimates over a long time series, this study can monitor risk exposure trends critical to health surveillance and inform policy debates on the importance of addressing risks in context. METHODS: We used the comparative risk assessment framework developed for previous iterations of GBD to estimate levels and trends in exposure, attributable deaths, and attributable disability-adjusted life-years

Тенденции и различия в бремени аутоиммунных заболеваний в Китае и во всем мире: сравнительный анализ на основе исследования глобального бремени болезней 2021.

Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы количественно оценить долгосрочные тенденции и бремя 5 аутоиммунные заболевания в Китае и в мире 1990 в адрес 2021 Использование глобального бремени болезней 2021 :: данные и выявление движущих факторов изменений, которыми следует руководствоваться при планировании мероприятий в области профилактики и здравоохранения. Использование глобального бремени болезней 2021 данные, мы проанализировали тип 1 сахарный диабет (T1DM), воспалительный кишечник (IBD), множественный склероз (MS), псориаз (PS) и ревматоидный артрит (RA) в Китае и во всем мире 1990 в