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Prophylactic treatment of skeletal metastases, tumor-induced osteolysis, and hypercalcemia in rats with the bisphosphonate Cl2MBP.

BACKGROUND: The purpose of this study was to investigate the influence of a prophylactic bone protective treatment with the bisphosphonate dichloromethane/diphosphonic acid (Cl2MBP) in an experimental model of osteolysis with intraosseous implantation of the Walker carcinosarcoma 256 B. METHODS: The biphosphonate was given as a high-dose, short-term treatment (30 mg/5 days sc) followed by a treatment-free interval (1-7 weeks) or as a low-dose, long-term prophylactic treatment (2.5 or 5.0 mg/day/3 weeks sc). Osteolysis was measured with a radiographic and histologic grading system. RESULTS: T

Immunochemical characterization of circulating parathyroid hormone-related protein in patients with humoral hypercalcemia of cancer.

Tumors from patients with humoral hypercalcemia of cancer produce a parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHRP). We have developed two region-specific immunoassays capable of measuring PTHRP in plasma: an immunoradiometric assay directed toward PTHRP amino acid sequence 1 to 74 and a radioimmunoassay directed toward PTHRP amino acid sequence 109 to 138. Sixty normal subjects had low or undetectable plasma PTHRP (1 to 74) concentrations (mean, 1.9 pmol per liter) and undetectable PTHRP (109 to 138) concentrations (less than 2.0 pmol per liter). Patients with humoral hypercalcemia of cancer (n =…

Tumors of the parathyroid gland and circulating parathyroid hormone-related protein associated with persistent hypercalcemia.

Neoplasms of the parathyroid glands are uncommon in all species of laboratory and domestic animals, but occur in low incidence in rats, Syrian hamsters, and dogs and rarely in mice. Proliferative lesions of the parathyroid gland include hyperplasia (diffuse and focal), adenomas, and carcinomas. The tumors may be functional or nonfunctional. Trophic atrophy of remaining parathyroid tissue is present around functional tumors. Humoral hypercalcemia of malignancy (HHM) is a syndrome that occurs in human and animal patients with certain malignant neoplasms and is characterized by hypercalcemia, hyp…

A case report on disequilibrium hypercalcemia in hyperthyroidism. Comparison of calcium metabolism with other patients with hyperthyroidism.

The patient, a 30-year-old woman, was admitted to Itoh Hospital in February, 1979 for hyperthyroidism. She had a history of pyelonephritis and recurrent urinary tract infection. Laboratory data on admission revealed overt hyperthyroidism (T3: 405 ng/dl, T4: 22.5 micrograms/dl and T3U: 57.--%), severe hypercalcemia of 12.6 mg/dl and hypercalciuria. The PSP excretion and GFR were both decreased. Serum c-PTH was nondetectable. As the thyroid function improved, there was a gradual decrease and later normalization of plasma calcium, phosphate and urinary calcium excretion. When subtotal thyroidecto…

Clinical and Genetic Profile of Chinese Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Type 1 (FHH1): A Retrospective Study.

PURPOSE: To characterize the clinical and genetic features of Chinese FHH type 1 (FHH1) patients and evaluate biochemical discriminators bet … mong the 11 FHH1 patients, 63.6% were females and 63.6% had a family history. Incidentally detected hypercalcemia was the most common cause (72.7%). Compared with s-PHPT, FHH1 were younger at diagnosis [38.1 ± 17.4 years vs. 53.6 ± 14.0, P = 0.002], had lower parathyroid hormone level [41.80 (28.89, 124.00) pg/mL vs. 233.90 (136.6, 521.6) pg/mL, P < 0.001], hig …

Genotype-First Characterization of Familial Hypocalciuric Hypercalcemia Type 1: Prevalence, Serum Calcium and Clinical Associations.

Familial hypocalciuric hypercalcemia type 1 (FHH1), caused by inactivating CASR variants, is characterized by lifelong hypercalcemia and hypocalciuria and should be distinguished from primary hyperparathyroidism as their management differs substantially. Prior reports suggest additional clinical associations (e.g., pancreatitis, altered glucose metabolism), but epidemiological evidence is limited. Using a genotype-first analysis of UK Biobank (UKB) whole-exome/whole-genome sequencing data linked to health records, we estimated the prevalence of FHH1 and characterized its degree of hypercalcemi…

Paradoxical hypercalcemia in tuberculosis with concurrent vitamin D deficiency: mechanisms, clinical implications, and management strategies.

Calcium and vitamin D play a critical role in maintaining skeletal integrity and regulating immune responses, particularly in tuberculosis (TB). Vitamin D facilitates intestinal calcium absorption by upregulating calcium transport proteins and modulates immunity by regulating Th1 responses and enhancing macrophage-mediated bactericidal activity against Mycobacterium tuberculosis. Despite these protective roles, a paradoxical association of vitamin D deficiency with hypercalcemia is commonly observed in active TB, reported in up to 40% of cases. This hypercalcemia is primarily attributed to ext…

Связанная с паратироидным гормоном гиперкальцемия злоумышленника: исследования из многоцентрального хранилища клинических данных.

BACKGROHL/AIMS: Протеин, связанный с паратироидными гормонами (PTHrP), является одним из основных посредников гиперкальцемии у пациентов, страдающих злоумышленностью; однако понимание гиперкальцемии с помощью PTHrP остается ограниченным, поскольку имеющиеся данные в значительной степени получены из небольших рядов дел. МЕТОДЫ: Мы ретроспективно проанализировали электронные медицинские записи восьми больниц, связанных с Католическим университетом Кореи. Взрослые пациенты (> 20 лет) с подтвержденной злокачественной и скорректированной на альбумин гиперкальцемией (≥ 10,5 мг/дл) в период с 2013 по

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Parathyroid hormone-related protein (PTHrP) is a major mediator of hypercalcemia in patients with malignancy; however, understanding of PTHrP-mediated hypercalcemia remains limited because available evidence has largely been derived from small case series. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed electronic medical records from eight hospitals …

Diffuse Pulmonary 99mTc-MDP Uptake on Bone Scintigraphy: A Paraneoplastic Hypercalcemia Clue in Cervical Carcinoma.

99mTc-methylene diphosphonate bone scintigraphy is a cornerstone imaging modality for skeletal assessment; however, extraosseous radiotracer uptake may signal underlying systemic metabolic derangements. Diffuse pulmonary uptake, classically linked to metastatic calcification, is commonly observed in chronic kidney disease patients with calcium-phosphate homeostasis disruption. We present an uncommon case of bilateral pulmonary 99mTc-Methylene diphosphonate (MDP) uptake in a 48-year-old female with advanced cervical carcinoma, renal insufficiency, and severe hypercalcemia accompanied by paradox…

Parathyroid Hormone-Mediated Hypercalcemia With Remarkable Bone Mineral Density Recovery After Multiple Zoledronic Acid Infusions.

This case report describes a remarkable improvement in bone mineral density (BMD) in a 95-year-old female with parathyroid hormone (PTH)-mediated hypercalcemia following treatment with zoledronic acid. Despite her complex medical history, including chronic kidney disease (CKD) and osteoporosis, the patient experienced a significant increase in bone density, particularly in the left femoral neck, while maintaining stable renal function. This case highlights the efficacy and safety of zoledronic acid in elderly patients with osteoporosis and hypercalcemia, emphasizing the importance of careful m…

Successful Hemodialysis Treatment of Severe Hypercalcemia Following COVID-19 in Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Hypercalcemia, a serum calcium exceeding 10.5 mg/dL, is a multi-factorial metabolic disorder that results from an imbalance in calcium homeostasis. CASE REPORT We report a case of a 67-year-old male with recently diagnosed multiple myeloma who presented to our emergency department 3 weeks after COVID-19 infection with altered mental status and a fall. On admission he was found to have severe hypercalcemia with a level over 18.0 mg/dL. Despite IV fluids, calcitonin, steroids, and zoledronic acid, he had persistent, critically elevated calcium levels. The decision to initiate hemodial…

Patient and Physician Decisional Factors Regarding Hypercalcemia of Malignancy Treatment: A Novel Mixed-Methods Study.

BACKGROUND: Integrating shared decision making between patients and physicians and incorporating their values and preferences in the development of clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) is of critical importance to optimize CPG implementation and treatment adherence. This applies to many debilitating diseases, including hypercalcemia of malignancy (HCM). OBJECTIVE: Evaluate patient and physician values, preferences, and attitudes to better inform CPGs to treat HCM in adults. METHODS: We followed a mixed-methods approach. We conducted a systematic review using 5 databases to identify studies re…

Severe hypercalcemia complicated by acute pancreatitis revealing generalized bone lysis metastasis: Case report and review.

Malignant hypercalcemia is a frequent metabolic complication of osteophilic tumors, exceptionally revealing cavitary cancer, but its prognosis remains poor despite early and adequate management. We report the case of a young patient, smoker without any previous history, admitted for the management of a digestive symptoms made of abdominal pain with food vomiting. The patient had an electrocardiogram withchest computed tomography scan and BBC evoking PA on malignant hypercalcemia. An etiological investigation was conducted to confirm the tumoral origin of the hypercalcemia. We put the patient o…

Vitamin D3-induced hypercalcemia increases carbon tetrachloride-induced hepatotoxicity through elevated oxidative stress in mice.

The aim of this study was to determine whether calcium potentiates acute carbon tetrachloride (CCl4) -induced toxicity. Elevated calcium levels were induced in mice by pre-treatment with cholecalciferol (vitamin D3; V.D3), a compound that has previously been shown to induce hypercalcemia in human and animal models. As seen previously, mice injected with CCl4 exhibited increased plasma levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and creatinine; transient body weight loss; and increased lipid peroxidation along with decreased total antioxidant power, glutathione, ATP, and NAD…

Osteolytic bone lesions, severe hypercalcemia without circulating blasts: unusual presentation of childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia.

Hypercalcemia and severe osteolytic lesions are rare complications of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) in childhood. We report a case of a 3 years old boy who presented with prolonged fever, nausea, vomiting and increasing lower limbs pain. Skeletal X-rays and CT scan showed severe osteolytic lesions of the skull and extremities. Her physical examination showed multiple cervical lymph nodes. In laboratory tests, he had severe hypercalcemia. Parathyroid hormone (PTH) was not elevated. Despite the absence of circulating blasts, bone marrow biopsy revealed B-precursor (ALL). Hypercalcemia was i…

Serum PTHrP Predicts Weight Loss in Cancer Patients Independent of Hypercalcemia, Inflammation, and Tumor Burden.

CONTEXT: Recent animal studies showed that tumor-derived PTHrP induced cancer cachexia by fat browning with increased energy expenditure; ho … ied. CONCLUSIONS: Serum PTHrP levels predicted cancer-associated WL independent of the presence of hypercalcemia, inflammation, tumor burden, and other comorbidities.

Clinicopathological analysis of persistent hypercalcemia and hyperparathyroidism after kidney transplantation in long-term dialysis patients.

Deceased donor kidney transplantation in long-term dialysis patients in Japan has been increasing because of a severe lack of donors. Parath … ysis period, 14.4 ± 4.3 years) were enrolled. Multivariate analysis of potential predictors for the hypercalcemia group at 12 months after transplantation showed that pre-transplantation and early post-transplantation calcium and parathyroid hormone levels were significant determinants. Pathological examination showed that a number of glands showed nodular hype …