Результаты поиска

Disease Progression in Multiple Sclerosis: A Literature Review Exploring Patient Perspectives.

PURPOSE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) prognosis is often uncertain. This literature review considers patients' understanding of, and perspectives on, MS progression to better comprehend the unmet needs of people with MS (PwMS), in order to improve treatment adherence and quality of life (QoL). METHODS: Literature searches for peer-reviewed papers concerning patient perspectives on the progression of MS and comparable conditions, published between January 2000 and January 2020, were conducted. RESULTS: Little qualitative evidence exists that examines PwMS' perspectives on MS progression. The under…

Connexin 43 astrocytopathy linked to rapidly progressive multiple sclerosis and neuromyelitis optica.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) and neuromyelitis optica (NMO) occasionally have an extremely aggressive and debilitating disease course; however, its molecular basis is unknown. This study aimed to determine a relationship between connexin (Cx) pathology and disease aggressiveness in Asian patients with MS and NMO. METHODS/PRINCIPAL FINDINGS: Samples included 11 autopsied cases with NMO and NMO spectrum disorder (NMOSD), six with MS, and 20 with other neurological diseases (OND). Methods of analysis included immunohistochemical expression of astrocytic Cx43/Cx30, oligodendrocytic Cx47/Cx…

Применение антиокислых нанопатогенных веществ в заразных заболеваниях.

Неизлечимые подстрекательские заболевания (ИМИД) охватывают широкий спектр нарушений, включая аутоиммунные, острые и хронические воспаленные заболевания, которые часто характеризуются иммунной дисрегулированием и чрезмерным окислительным стрессом. Окисляющий стресс играет ключевую роль в инициировании и продвижении этих заболеваний, способствуя повреждению тканей и сохранению воспаления. Однако традиционные методы лечения антиоксидантов ограничены из-за слабой биодоступности, неадекватной целенаправленности и кратковременной эффективности. В последние годы нано-антиоксиданты стали перспективны

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Immune-mediated inflammatory diseases (IMIDs) encompass a wide range of disorders, including autoimmune, acute, and chronic inflammatory con … ry diseases, and chronic inflammatory diseases. In autoimmune disorders such as alopecia areata and multiple sclerosis, nano-antioxidants have demonstrated the ability to reduce oxidative damage, modulate immune responses, and alleviate clinical symptoms. In acute inflammatory conditions, including acute kidney injury and acute liver injury, these nanomaterials exer …

Spinal upregulation of glutamate transporter GLT-1 by ceftriaxone: therapeutic efficacy in a range of experimental nervous system disorders.

Glutamate neurotransmission is highly regulated, largely by glutamate transporters. In the spinal cord, the glutamate transporter GLT-1 is p … ynia in response to repeated morphine, and prevented associated astrocyte activation. In a model of multiple sclerosis (experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis; EAE), ceftriaxone reversed tactile allodynia and halted the progression of motor weakness and paralysis. Similarly, ceftriaxone reversed tactile allodynia induced by chronic constriction nerve injury (CCI) …

Ferroptosis: A potential mechanistic link to neuronal death and demyelination in MS-related depression.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neuroinflammatory disorder, and approximately 50% of MS patients develop depression, making it one of the most common comorbidities of the disease. MS-related depression significantly reduces quality of life, worsens neurological disability, and increases suicide risk. Despite its high prevalence, the underlying mechanisms remain unclear. While neuroinflammation and neurotransmitter dysregulation have been implicated, recent evidence suggests that ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of cell death, may contribute to both neuronal death and mood disturbances …

Протамин с низким молекулярным весом усиливает нейрозащиту и ремиилизацию, смягчая сульфид хондроитина протеогликанский ингибитор в моделях обезвоживания.

Протеогликаны сульфата хондроитина (CSPG) представляют собой ингибиционные молекулы, осаждаемые в экстраклеточную матрицу повреждений при множественном склерозе (MS). CSPG поддерживают текущие подстрекательские процессы и предотвращают дифференциацию олигодендроцитов в клетках потомства (OPC), что приводит к повреждению ремиелиции и хронической патологии в MS. Здесь мы описываем протамин с низким молекулярным весом как маленький, позитивно заряженный пептид, который связывается с негативно заряженными ингибиционными участками CSPG. Мы показываем, что LMWP преодолела ингибирование CSPG дифферен

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Chondroitin sulfate proteoglycans (CSPGs) are inhibitory molecules deposited in the extracellular matrix of lesions in multiple sclerosis (MS). CSPGs maintain ongoing inflammatory processes and prevent oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) differentiation, resulting in impaired remyelination and chronic pathology in MS. Here, we profile low-molecular weight …

HERV Dys Regulation в деле Myalgic Encephalomyelitis и Multic Sclerosis Responsive to Rituximab.

В этой статье резюмируется случай, когда 30-летний мужчина диагностировал синдром мальгического энцефаломелита/хронического утомительного синдрома (ME/CFS) и его продольный слежение, в результате чего через восемь лет был диагностирован множественный склероз (MS). Наиболее ощутимым результатом стала его реакция на ритуксимаб после систематического отказа в предварительном лечении. Хотя выражение эндогенных ретровирусных белков ассоциируется с автоиммунитетом, пациент не продемонстрировал более широкое выражение токсичного белка HERV (человеческий ретровирус)-W ENV, который является целью текущ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This article summarizes the case of 30-year-old male diagnosed with Myalgic Encephalomyelitis/Chronic Fatigue Syndrome (ME/CFS) and its longitudinal follow-up, which provided a secondary diagnosis of Multiple Sclerosis (MS) eight years later. The most impactful result was his response to rituximab treatment after the systematic failure of prior treatments. A…

MicroRNA-19b exacerbates systemic sclerosis through promoting Th9 cells.

Systemic sclerosis (SSc) is a chronic autoimmune disease characterized by fibrosis of the skin and multiple vital organs, but the immunological pathogenesis of SSc remains unclear. We show here that miR-19b promotes Th9 cells that exacerbate SSc. Specifically, miR-19b and interleukin (IL)-9 increase in CD4+ T cells in experimental SSc in mice induced with bleomycin. Inhibiting miR-19b reduces Th9 cells and ameliorates the disease. Mechanistically, transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) plus IL-4 activates pSmad3-Ser213 and TRAF6-K63 ubiquitination by suppressing NLRC3. Activated TRAF6 sequent

Legalized Cannabis in Colorado Emergency Departments: A Cautionary Review of Negative Health and Safety Effects.

Cannabis legalization has led to significant health consequences, particularly to patients in emergency departments and hospitals in Colorad … ay be harmful to patients. Cannabis research may offer novel treatment of seizures, spasticity from multiple sclerosis, nausea and vomiting from chemotherapy, chronic pain, improvements in cardiovascular outcomes, and sleep disorders. Progress has been slow due to absent standards for chemical composition of cannabis products and limitations on research imposed by f …

DNA Damage Response and Oxidative Stress in Systemic Autoimmunity.

The DNA damage response and repair (DDR/R) network, a sum of hierarchically structured signaling pathways that recognize and repair DNA damage, and the immune response to endogenous and/or exogenous threats, act synergistically to enhance cellular defense. On the other hand, a deregulated interplay between these systems underlines inflammatory diseases including malignancies and chronic systemic autoimmune diseases, such as systemic lupus erythematosus, systemic sclerosis, and rheumatoid arthritis. Patients with these diseases are characterized by aberrant immune response to self-antigens with

Chlamydial infection of immune cells: altered function and implications for disease.

Chlamydia trachomatis is an obligate intracellular bacterial pathogen that infects the genital and ocular mucosa of humans, causing infectio … brain tissues of patients with degenerative neurological disorders such as Alzheimer's disease and multiple sclerosis, and also from certain lymphomas. An increasing number of in vitro studies suggest that some chlamydial species can infect immune cells, at least at low levels. These infections may alter immune cell function in a way that promotes chlamydial persis …

Multiple sclerosis as first manifestation in oral and facial area: presentation of four cases.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system, whose etiology is unknown, and which is characteristic by the appearance of a diverse neurological symptomatology consisting of outbreaks or gradual deterioration and lesions in any location of the brain s white matter which may provoke the after-effect of a definitive demyelination of the area. The disease affects young people, with its appearance being most frequent between 20 and 40 years of age, in temperate and cold climates, and with a man-woman rate of 0.46/0.67. The magnitude of this disease lies i…

Macrophages and neurodegeneration.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory demyelinating disease of the central nervous system (CNS). Demyelination is a classical feature of MS lesions, and neurological deficits are often ascribed to the reduced signal conduction by demyelinated axons. However, recent studies emphasize that axonal loss is an important factor in MS pathogenesis and disease progression. Axonal loss is found in association with cellular infiltrates in MS lesions. In this review, we discuss the possible contribution of the innate immune system in this process. In particular, we describe how infiltrated ma…

Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) in the Era of high-efficacy treatments.

BACKGROUND: Progression independent of relapse activity (PIRA) is a key marker of chronic neurodegeneration in multiple sclerosis (MS), reflecting sustained disability progression unrelated to inflammatory relapses. While high-efficacy therapies (HETs) have significantly reduced relapse-associated worsening (RAW), the contribution of PIRA to disability progression has increased in recent diagnostic periods. OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence and predictors of PIRA in Argentine patients with relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS) receiving HETs and to explore the impact of early tr…

Correlation of MRI lesions with visual psychophysical deficit in secondary progressive multiple sclerosis.

The aim of this work was, first, to clarify the nature of the relationship between the sensory deficit in the demyelinated visual pathway and morphological changes revealed by MRI and, secondly, to test whether there was a preferential effect of demyelination for either the magnocellular or parvocellular pathway in established multiple sclerosis. Twenty-four patients with secondary progressive multiple sclerosis were studied psychophysically and by MRI of the optic nerve and brain. MRI was performed with a Phillips (0.5T) scanner. Visual pathway MRI lesion load was evaluated independently usin…

Интерфероны в области автономного иммунитета: от утраты терпимости до хронического воспаления.

Интерфероны (IFN) являются ключевыми цитокинами на пересечении врожденного и адаптивного иммунитета. Хотя их антивирусные и антивирусные функции хорошо известны, появляющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что IFNs - особенно типы I, II и III - являются причиной возникновения и развития аутоиммунных заболеваний (AD). В этом обзоре обобщаются текущие данные о биологии IFN, их механизмах иммунного регулирования и патогенных механизмах, а также об их вкладе в отдельные фенотипы AD. Мы провели всеобъемлющий обзор рецензированной литературы по ИФН и аутоиммунным заболеваниям с уделением особого вним

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Interferons (IFNs) are key cytokines at the intersection of innate and adaptive immunity. While their antiviral and antitumor roles are well … , rheumatoid arthritis, Sjögren's syndrome, systemic sclerosis, idiopathic inflammatory myopathies, multiple sclerosis, type 1 diabetes, psoriasis, and inflammatory bowel diseases, IFNs were consistently associated with aberrant activation of pattern recognition receptors, sustained expression of interferon-stimulated genes (ISGs), and dysregulated T cell and B cell …

Fluoxetine in progressive multiple sclerosis (FLUOX-PMS): study protocol for a randomized controlled trial.

BACKGROUND: Currently available disease-modifying treatments acting by modifying the immune response are ineffective in progressive multiple sclerosis (MS), which is caused by a widespread axonal degeneration. Mechanisms suspected to be involved in this widespread axonal degeneration are reduced axonal energy metabolism, axonal glutamate toxicity, and reduced cerebral blood flow. Fluoxetine might theoretically reduce axonal degeneration in MS because it stimulates energy metabolism through enhancing glycogenolysis, stimulates the production of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, and dilates cer…

Долгосрочное восстановление и нарушение оси микробиота-гут-мозгов после травматического повреждения мозга (OVERCOME-TBI): протокол перспективного клинического исследования.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Травматическая травма головного мозга (ТБИ) является одной из основных причин долгосрочной инвалидности во всем мире, однако патофизиологические механизмы, лежащие в основе ее хронических последствий, по-прежнему недостаточно изучены. В дополнение к стойкой нейроинфламмации, факты говорят о том, что дисрегулирование кишечного микробиота влияет на восстановление мозга. В рамках исследования OVERCOME-TBI изучаются долгосрочные функциональные, когнитивные, визуальные, биохимические и желудочно-кишечные результаты после TBI всех различий с целью выявления биомаркеров и микробиомных сигна

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Traumatic brain injury (TBI) is a major cause of long-term disability worldwide, but the pathophysiological mechanisms underly … cs, faecal and intestinal microbiome profiling and colonoscopy biopsies. Moreover, 10 patients with multiple sclerosis (as a positive control group) will undergo PET imaging and sampling for blood biomarkers. Primary outcomes include neuroinflammatory burden (biochemical and PET), longitudinal functional outcomes (Glasgow Outcome Scale Extended) and gut microbiota c …

Photopheresis: a clinically relevant immunobiologic response modifier.

Photopheresis, the process by which peripheral blood is exposed in an extracorporeal flow system to photoactivated 8-methoxypsoralen (8-MOP) … ated complex merit further investigation, and preliminary trials in the management of patients with multiple sclerosis, myasthenia gravis and autoimmune insulin-dependent diabetes mellitus have recently been initiated. The inability of the treatment to meaningfully alter the course of the B cell malignancy, chronic lymphocytic leukemia, suggests that B cell prolifer …