Результаты поиска

Targeted Therapies for the Evolving Molecular Landscape of Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Despite considerable growth in our understanding of the heterogeneous biology and pathogenesis of acute myeloid leukemia (AML) in recent decades, for nearly forty years, little progress was gained in the realm of novel therapeutics. Since 2017, however, nine agents have been FDA-approved for patients with AML in both the upfront and relapsed/refractory (R/R) settings. Most of these compounds function as inhibitors of key cell cycle enzymatic pathways or mediators of leukemic proliferation and survival. They have been approved both as single agents and in combination with conventional or reduce

Osteolytic lesion in polycythemia vera: First report and review of literature.

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Targeting Casein Kinase 1 (CK1) in Hematological Cancers.

The casein kinase 1 enzymes (CK1) form a family of serine/threonine kinases with seven CK1 isoforms identified in humans. The most important substrates of CK1 kinases are proteins that act in the regulatory nodes essential for tumorigenesis of hematological malignancies. Among those, the most important are the functions of CK1s in the regulation of Wnt pathways, cell proliferation, apoptosis and autophagy. In this review we summarize the recent developments in the understanding of biology and therapeutic potential of the inhibition of CK1 isoforms in the pathogenesis of chronic lymphocytic leu

Hematology

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Spinal Cord Compression As the Initial Manifestation of Relapsed Acute Myeloid Leukemia: A Case Report and Literature Review of a Rare Presentation.

Myeloid sarcoma (MS) is a solid mass of myeloid blasts outside the bone marrow (BM). Most cases occur in the setting of intramedullary acute myeloid leukemia (AML), but it can also present in the absence of overt BM disease, as a presentation of newly diagnosed or relapsed AML, or as a progression of myeloproliferative neoplasms or myelodysplastic syndromes. There are a few reports of spinal cord compression due to MS, and there is no consensus regarding its management. Here, we present a case of relapsed AML in the form of MS resulting in spinal cord compression and provide a comprehensive li

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… In alignment with this definition, MS does not include leukemic infiltration of the liver, spleen, lymph nodes, pleural and pericardial fluid, cerebrospinal fluid (CSF), and non-solid mass tissue infiltration commonly seen in skin, gums, retina, and lungs. … infiltration Krishnan, 2015 [ 48 ] | M, 22 | No | Back pain, gait ataxia, paraparesis, T10 sensory deficit | T6-8 epidural mass | Not mentioned | No | MPO+, CD43+, CD3-, S100- | Systemic CTX for initially suspected lymphoma followed by CS, surgery, and RT due to worsening neurologic deficits. …

Cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells: from basic research to clinical translation.

The accumulation of basic researches and clinical studies related to cytokine-induced killer (CIK) cells has confirmed their safety and feasibility in treating malignant diseases. This review summarizes the available published literature related to the biological characteristics and clinical applications of CIK cells in recent years. A number of clinical trials with CIK cells have been implemented during the progressive phases of cancer, presenting potential widespread applications of CIK cells for the future. Furthermore, this review briefly compares clinical applications of CIK cells with th

Bispecific Antibodies in Hematological Malignancies: A Scoping Review.

Bispecific T-cell engagers (BiTEs) and bispecific antibodies (BiAbs) have revolutionized the treatment landscape of hematological malignancies. By directing T cells towards specific tumor antigens, BiTEs and BiAbs facilitate the T-cell-mediated lysis of neoplastic cells. The success of blinatumomab, a CD19xCD3 BiTE, in acute lymphoblastic leukemia spearheaded the expansive development of BiTEs/BiAbs in the context of hematological neoplasms. Nearly a decade later, numerous BiTEs/BiAbs targeting a range of tumor-associated antigens have transpired in the treatment of multiple myeloma, non-Hodgk

Pharmacological Strategies for Mitigating Cytarabine-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity: A Scoping Review on Mechanisms, Efficacy and Clinical Implications.

BACKGROUND: Cytarabine (Ara-C) remains the cornerstone of remission-induction and consolidation chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and related hematological malignancies. Despite more than six decades of clinical use, its multi-organ toxicity continues to be managed almost exclusively through dose attenuation and supportive care, with no approved upstream pharmacological prevention strategy available. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to systematically map the breadth and nature of pharmacological agents tested in vivo for their capacity to mitigate cytarabine-induced multi-org

Leukemias in the Context of Rheumatoid Arthritis: Shared Pathways and Clinical Perspectives.

Rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is a chronic autoimmune disorder characterized by systemic inflammation, progressive joint destruction, and increased risk of malignancies, particularly hematological cancers such as leukemias. RA patients appear to have a higher incidence of leukemias, suggesting a possible association between the two conditions. This association is driven by shared pathogenic mechanisms, including chronic inflammation, immune dysregulation, and genetic predispositions. Pro-inflammatory cytokines, notably tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) and interleukin 6 (IL-6), play a crucial ro

Blood Vessels and Peripheral Nerves as Key Players in Cancer Progression and Therapy Resistance.

Cancer cells continuously interact with the tumor microenvironment (TME), a heterogeneous milieu that surrounds the tumor mass and impinges on its phenotype. Among the components of the TME, blood vessels and peripheral nerves have been extensively studied in recent years for their prominent role in tumor development from tumor initiation. Cancer cells were shown to actively promote their own vascularization and innervation through the processes of angiogenesis and axonogenesis. Indeed, sprouting vessels and axons deliver several factors needed by cancer cells to survive and proliferate, inclu

Next-generation immunotherapeutic approaches for blood cancers: Exploring the efficacy of CAR-T and cancer vaccines.

Recent advancements in immunotherapy, particularly Chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cell therapy and cancer vaccines, have significantly transformed the treatment landscape for leukemia. CAR-T cell therapy, initially promising in hematologic cancers, faces notable obstacles in solid tumors due to the complex and immunosuppressive tumor microenvironment. Challenges include the heterogeneous immune profiles of tumors, variability in antigen expression, difficulties in therapeutic delivery, T cell exhaustion, and reduced cytotoxic activity at the tumor site. Additionally, the physical barriers w

The Dynamic Endothelial Activation and Stress Index (EASIX) as a Predictor of Early Death and Long-Term Survival in Acute Promyelocytic Leukemia (APL): A Multicenter Study.

Background/Objectives: Early death (ED) remains the primary barrier to long-term survival in acute promyelocytic leukemia (APL). Since current risk stratification models rely solely on static baseline parameters, they fail to capture the high biological volatility during the induction phase. We aimed to evaluate the prognostic value of the dynamic evolution of the endothelial activation and stress index (EASIX). Materials and Methods: This multicenter, retrospective study analyzed 131 newly diagnosed adult APL patients treated with the AIDA protocol. EASIX scores were calculated at admission (

Molecular Targeting and Rational Chemotherapy in Acute Myeloid Leukemia.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a molecularly complex disease with multiple aberrant genetic pathways involved in its pathogenesis. Approximately one-third to one-half of patients with AML would relapse, and no standard therapy is established for relapsing and/or refractory AML (RR-AML) yet. It is unlikely that blockage of only one specific pathway will lead to prolonged remissions and cures in all fractions of the AML patients population. Nowadays, novel therapeutic agents with rational combination are being recognized which improve the cure rate for relapsed AML. These drugs and their metabo

Clinical relevance of extracellular vesicles in hematological neoplasms: from liquid biopsy to cell biopsy.

In the era of precision medicine, liquid biopsy is becoming increasingly important in oncology. It consists in the isolation and analysis of tumor-derived biomarkers, including extracellular vesicles (EVs), in body fluids. EVs are lipid bilayer-enclosed particles, heterogeneous in size and molecular composition, released from both normal and neoplastic cells. In tumor context, EVs are valuable carriers of cancer information; in fact, their amount, phenotype and molecular cargo, including proteins, lipids, metabolites and nucleic acids, mirror nature and origin of parental cells rendering EVs a

Recent Clinical Update of Acute Myeloid Leukemia: Focus on Epigenetic Therapies.

Acute myeloid leukemia (AML) is a complicated disease characterized by genetic heterogeneity and simultaneous alterations in multiple genes. For decades, its only curative method has been intensive induction chemotherapy with or without allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation, and this approach cannot be applied to elderly patients, who make up more than 50% of AML patients. Recent advances in genomics facilitated the elucidation of various mutations related to AML, and the most frequent mutations were discovered in epigenetic regulators. Alterations to epigenetic modifications that

Updated Diagnostic Criteria and Classification of Mast Cell Disorders: A Consensus Proposal.

Mastocytosis is a hematologic neoplasm characterized by expansion and focal accumulation of neoplastic mast cells (MC) in diverse organs, including the skin, bone marrow (BM), spleen, liver, and gastrointestinal tract. The World Health Organization classification divides the disease into prognostically distinct variants of cutaneous mastocytosis (CM) and systemic mastocytosis (SM). Although this classification remains valid, recent developments in the field and the advent of new diagnostic and prognostic parameters created a need to update and refine definitions and diagnostic criteria in MC n

Concurrent chronic lymphocytic leukemia and primary hyperparathyroidism in a mule.

A 26-year-old mule gelding was evaluated for chronic weight loss and decreased appetite. The mule had been losing weight and intermittently hypophagic for approximately 7 months. Laboratory analysis of whole blood and plasma identified severe total hypercalcemia, marked hypophosphatemia, markedly increased parathyroid hormone concentration, and marked lymphocytosis. A sestimibi scan intended to identify parathyroid gland tissue was nondiagnostic. Results of flow cytometry and PCR for antigen receptor rearrangement (PARR) were consistent with a B cell lymphoproliferative disorder, likely chroni

Hematological malignancies in the Northwest Ethiopia.

BackgroundThe effect of malignant diseases is increasing globally, particularly in developing countries as shown by recent cancer statistics from the world health organization reports. It is anticipated that with an increase in life expectancy consequent upon the improved standard of living and increasing urbanization, the burden of hematological malignancies in sub-Saharan Africa particularly in Ethiopia is likely to increase recently. Therefore, this study was aimed to determine the incidence and trend of hematological malignancy in Northwest Ethiopia.MethodsA facility-based retrospective st

Hematopoietic Tumors

Аннотация не предоставлена источником. Откройте карточку для перехода к публикации.

Изучение связи между ядерными рецепторами в гематологических галереях.

Гематологические магнации (ГМ) представляют собой подмножество новообразований, затрагивающих кровь, костный мозг и лимфатические системы, которые в основном подразделяются на лейкемию, лимфому и множественную миелому. Их прогнозы значительно отличаются друг от друга, причем, несмотря на текущее лечение, часто возникает опасность рецидива. Несмотря на то, что современные терапевтические стратегии расширили общее выживание пациентов, они не предлагают лечения на продвинутых этапах и часто приводят к таким проблемам, как приобретение лекарственной устойчивости, рецидивы и серьезные побочные эффе