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A multicountry ecological study of cancer incidence rates in 2008 with respect to various risk-modifying factors.

Observational and ecological studies are generally used to determine the presence of effect of cancer risk-modifying factors. Researchers generally agree that environmental factors such as smoking, alcohol consumption, poor diet, lack of physical activity, and low serum 25-hdyroxyvitamin D levels are important cancer risk factors. This ecological study used age-adjusted incidence rates for 21 cancers for 157 countries (87 with high-quality data) in 2008 with respect to dietary supply and other factors, including per capita gross domestic product, life expectancy, lung cancer incidence rate (an

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… , Burkina Faso, Burundi, Cambodia, Cameroon, Cape Verde, Central African Republic, Chad, Chile, China, Comoros, Djibouti, Ethiopia, French Polynesia, Gabon, Gambia, Ghana, Guadeloupe, Guinea, Guinea-Bissau, Honduras, India, Indonesia, Iraq, Ivory Coast, Jordan, Kenya, Laos, Lebanon, Lesotho, Libya, Madagascar …

Vincristine in Combination Therapy of Cancer: Emerging Trends in Clinics.

Treatment of blood malignancies and other cancer diseases has been mostly unfeasible, so far. Therefore, novel treatment regimens should be developed and the currently used ones should be further elaborated. A stable component in various cancer treatment regimens consists of vincristine, an antimitotic compound of natural origin. Despite its strong anticancer activity, mostly, it cannot be administered as monotherapy due to its unspecific action and severe side effects. However, vincristine is suitable for combination therapy. Multidrug treatment regimens including vincristine are standardly a

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… Vincristine is an alkaloid, which together with another anticancer compound vinblastine, occurs in Madagascar periwinkle ( Catharanthus roseus ; Apocynaceae ). Vincristine belongs to the vinca alkaloid family, named after the Vinca genus, which Catharanthus was formerly part of. …

Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Peripheral Neuropathy.

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is one of the most frequent side effects caused by antineoplastic agents, with a prevalence from 19% to over 85%. Clinically, CIPN is a mostly sensory neuropathy that may be accompanied by motor and autonomic changes of varying intensity and duration. Due to its high prevalence among cancer patients, CIPN constitutes a major problem for both cancer patients and survivors as well as for their health care providers, especially because, at the moment, there is no single effective method of preventing CIPN; moreover, the possibilities of treating t

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… Vinca Alkaloids Vinca alkaloids are drugs developed from the Madagascar periwinkle plant and include vincristine, vinblastine, vinorelbine and vindesine. The group is commonly used to treat various tumors, such as Hodgkin and non–Hodgkin lymphoma, testicular cancer and non–small cell lung cancer. …

Promising Activities of Marine Natural Products against Hematopoietic Malignancies.

According to the WHO classification of tumors, more than 150 typologies of hematopoietic and lymphoid tumors exist, and most of them remain incurable diseases that require innovative approaches to improve therapeutic outcome and avoid side effects. Marine organisms represent a reservoir of novel bioactive metabolites, but they are still less studied compared to their terrestrial counterparts. This review is focused on marine natural products with anticancer activity against hematological tumors, highlighting recent advances and possible perspectives. Until now, there are five commercially avai

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… ], including paclitaxel, derived from the bark of the Pacific yew tree ( Taxus brevifolia ) and in use for the treatment of breast, lung, and ovarian cancer ( https://dtp.cancer.gov/timeline/flash/success_stories/s2_taxol.htm ; Accessed on 6 May 2021); vinblastine and vincristine, isolated from the Madagascar …

Non-coding RNA/microRNA-modulatory dietary factors and natural products for improved cancer therapy and prevention: Alkaloids, organosulfur compounds, aliphatic carboxylic acids and water-soluble vitamins.

Non-coding small RNA molecules, the microRNAs (miRNAs), contribute decisively to the epigenetic regulation processes in cancer cells. Problematic pathogenic properties of cancer cells and the response of cancers towards anticancer drugs are highly influenced by miRNAs. Both increased drug activity and formation of tumor resistance are regulated by miRNAs. Further to this, the survival and proliferation of cancer cells and the formation of metastases is based on the modulated expression of certain miRNAs. In particular, drug-resistant cancer stem-like cells (CSCs) depend on the presence and abs

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… [34] , miR-34 [28] , miR-146a [25] , miR-200b/c [27] , miR-212/132 cluster [29] | miR-92 [33] , miR-221 [32] I3C | − | miR-21 [31] , miR-31 [31] , miR-130a [31] , miR-146b [31] , miR-377 [31] Tubulin-binding Vinca alkaloids (e.g., vinblastine, vincristine) were first isolated from the Madagascar periwinkle …

A Comprehensive Review on the Therapeutic Potential of Curcuma longa Linn. in Relation to its Major Active Constituent Curcumin.

Curcuma longa Linn. (C. longa), popularly known as turmeric, belongs to the Zingiberaceae family and has a long historical background of having healing properties against many diseases. In Unani and Ayurveda medicine, C. longa has been used for liver obstruction and jaundice, and has been applied externally for ulcers and inflammation. Additionally, it is employed in several other ailments such as cough, cold, dental issues, indigestion, skin infections, blood purification, asthma, piles, bronchitis, tumor, wounds, and hepatic disorders, and is used as an antiseptic. Curcumin, a major constitu

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… India is the biggest producer, consumer, and supplier, but it is also cultivated extensively in Cambodia, Bangladesh, Nepal, Indonesia, Thailand, Cambodia, Malaysia, West Bengal, Madagascar, Tamil Nadu, Maharashtra, Madras Indonesia, and Philippines ( Royal Botanic Gardens Kew, 2021 ). …

An Updated Review on Marine Anticancer Compounds: The Use of Virtual Screening for the Discovery of Small-Molecule Cancer Drugs.

Marine secondary metabolites are a promising source of unexploited drugs that have a wide structural diversity and have shown a variety of biological activities. These compounds are produced in response to the harsh and competitive conditions that occur in the marine environment. Invertebrates are considered to be among the groups with the richest biodiversity. To date, a significant number of marine natural products (MNPs) have been established as antineoplastic drugs. This review gives an overview of MNPs, both in research or clinical stages, from diverse organisms that were reported as bein

Chemopreventive Potential of Caryophyllane Sesquiterpenes: An Overview of Preliminary Evidence.

Chemoprevention is referred to as a strategy to inhibit, suppress, or reverse tumor development and progression in healthy people along with high-risk subjects and oncologic patients through using pharmacological or natural substances. Numerous phytochemicals have been widely described in the literature to possess chemopreventive properties, although their clinical usefulness remains to be defined. Among them, caryophyllane sesquiterpenes are natural compounds widely occurring in nature kingdoms, especially in plants, fungi, and marine environments. Several structures, characterized by a commo

Chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy in children and adolescent cancer patients.

Brain cancer and leukemia are the most common cancers diagnosed in the pediatric population and are often treated with lifesaving chemotherapy. However, chemotherapy causes severe adverse effects and chemotherapy-induced peripheral neuropathy (CIPN) is a major dose-limiting and debilitating side effect. CIPN can greatly impair quality of life and increases morbidity of pediatric patients with cancer, with the accompanying symptoms frequently remaining underdiagnosed. Little is known about the incidence of CIPN, its impact on the pediatric population, and the underlying pathophysiological mecha

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… Vinca alkaloids are a class of drugs derived from the Madagascar periwinkle plant, Catharanthus roseus G. Don . The 4 major vinca alkaloids that are used clinically are vincristine (first generation), vinblastine (first generation), vindesine (second generation) and vinorelbine (third generation). …

Plants as a Source of Anticancer Agents: From Bench to Bedside.

Cancer is the second leading cause of death after cardiovascular diseases. Conventional anticancer therapies are associated with lack of selectivity and serious side effects. Cancer hallmarks are biological capabilities acquired by cancer cells during neoplastic transformation. Targeting multiple cancer hallmarks is a promising strategy to treat cancer. The diversity in chemical structure and the relatively low toxicity make plant-derived natural products a promising source for the development of new and more effective anticancer therapies that have the capacity to target multiple hallmarks in

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… Firstly, in the 1950s, Robert Noble and Charles Beer of Canada discovered vincristine and vinblastine vinca alkaloids, which were isolated from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) [ 32 ]. In addition, taxane-derived drugs are isolated from the Taxus genus. …

Mechanisms of Chemotherapy-Induced Neurotoxicity.

Since the first clinical trials conducted after World War II, chemotherapeutic drugs have been extensively used in the clinic as the main cancer treatment either alone or as an adjuvant therapy before and after surgery. Although the use of chemotherapeutic drugs improved the survival of cancer patients, these drugs are notorious for causing many severe side effects that significantly reduce the efficacy of anti-cancer treatment and patients' quality of life. Many widely used chemotherapy drugs including platinum-based agents, taxanes, vinca alkaloids, proteasome inhibitors, and thalidomide ana

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… Vinca Alkaloids Vinca alkaloids are also naturally derived molecules, which are found in the Madagascar periwinkle Catharanthus roseus leaves. Vincristine was discovered in an attempt to find hypoglycemic drugs for the treatment of diabetes. …

Natural Products as Anticancer Agents: Current Status and Future Perspectives.

Natural products have been an invaluable and useful source of anticancer agents over the years. Several compounds have been synthesized from natural products by modifying their structures or by using naturally occurring compounds as building blocks in the synthesis of these compounds for various purposes in different fields, such as biology, medicine, and engineering. Multiple modern and costly treatments have been applied to combat cancer and limit its lethality, but the results are not significantly refreshing. Natural products, which are a significant source of new therapeutic drugs, are cu

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… Robert Noble and Charles Beer discovered vincristine and vinblastine vinca alkaloids in the 1950s from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) [ 28 ]. Furthermore, the Taxus genus produces taxane-derived drugs. …

Advanced Technologies for Large Scale Supply of Marine Drugs.

Marine organisms represent a source of unique chemical entities with valuable biomedical potentialities, broad diversity, and complexity. It is essential to ensure a reliable and sustainable supply of marine natural products (MNPs) for their translation into commercial drugs and other valuable products. From a structural point of view and with few exceptions, MNPs of pharmaceutical importance derive from the so-called secondary metabolism of marine organisms. When production strategies rely on marine macroorganisms, harvesting or culturing coupled with extraction procedures frequently remain t

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… address these challenges, aquaculture of drug-producing marine invertebrates has been explored since the 1980s, drawing analogies from advances in monoculture-based production of plant-derived pharmaceuticals such as the anticancer vinca alkaloids (Vincristine, Vinblastine, and Vinorelbine) from the Madagascar …

Natural bioactive molecules and chemotherapeutics synergism for enhanced cancer therapy.

BACKGROUND: Chemotherapy remains a foundation of cancer care but is limited by multidrug resistance, systemic toxicities, and suboptimal selectivity, prompting interest in adjunctive strategies that improve efficacy and tolerability without adding significant burden to patients or healthcare systems. AIMS/OBJECTIVES: This review highlights evidence on natural bioactive compounds, including polyphenols, alkaloids, terpenoids, and fungal metabolites, as adjuvants to standard chemotherapeutics, with objectives to: first, delineate mechanisms by which these agents enhance cytotoxic efficacy and o

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… Vinca alkaloids and their derivatives The emergence of plants as anticancer agents began with the extraction of two key alkaloids - vincristine and vinblastine - from Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) [ 24 ]. …

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 359 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2017: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2017.

BACKGROUND: How long one lives, how many years of life are spent in good and poor health, and how the population's state of health and leading causes of disability change over time all have implications for policy, planning, and provision of services. We comparatively assessed the patterns and trends of healthy life expectancy (HALE), which quantifies the number of years of life expected to be lived in good health, and the complementary measure of disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs), a composite measure of disease burden capturing both premature mortality and prevalence and severity of ill

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… ·8–49·9) | 70·4 (69·3–71·5) | 45·6 (44·4–46·8) | 66·7 (65·6–67·7) | 42·2 (40·0–44·1) | 60·8 (57·9–63·4) | 39·9 (37·8–41·7) | 58·5 (55·9–60·8) Kenya | 63·2 (62·4–63·9) | 68·8 (67·9–69·5) | 60·6 (59·9–61·3) | 63·2 (62·4–63·9) | 55·0 (52·6–57·3) | 59·7 (57·0–62·1) | 53·4 (51·1–55·4) | 55·7 (53·4–57·7) Madagascar … Ethiopia | 10·0 (9·6–10·4) | 16·0 (15·4–16·6) | 9·5 (9·2–9·8) | 14·1 (13·6–14·6) | 7·3 (6·5–8·0) | 11·9 (10·7–13) | 6·9 (6·2–7·6) | 10·5 (9·5–11·5) Kenya | 13·9 (13·5–14·2) | 15·9 (15·5–16·3) | 13·2 (13·0–13·5) | 12·8 (12·5–13·0) | 10·4 (9·4–11·2) | 11·9 (10·8–12·9) | 9·9 (8·9–10·8) | 9·5 (8·6–10·3) Madagascar …

Global, regional, and national disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) for 333 diseases and injuries and healthy life expectancy (HALE) for 195 countries and territories, 1990-2016: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2016.

BACKGROUND: Measurement of changes in health across locations is useful to compare and contrast changing epidemiological patterns against health system performance and identify specific needs for resource allocation in research, policy development, and programme decision making. Using the Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study 2016, we drew from two widely used summary measures to monitor such changes in population health: disability-adjusted life-years (DALYs) and healthy life expectancy (HALE). We used these measures to track trends and benchmark progress compared with e

Global burden of 292 causes of death in 204 countries and territories and 660 subnational locations, 1990-2023: a systematic analysis for the Global Burden of Disease Study 2023.

BACKGROUND: Timely and comprehensive analyses of causes of death stratified by age, sex, and location are essential for shaping effective health policies aimed at reducing global mortality. The Global Burden of Diseases, Injuries, and Risk Factors Study (GBD) 2023 provides cause-specific mortality estimates measured in counts, rates, and years of life lost (YLLs). GBD 2023 aimed to enhance our understanding of the relationship between age and cause of death by quantifying the probability of dying before age 70 years (70q0) and the mean age at death by cause and sex. This study enables comparis

9th Trends in Medical Mycology Held on 11-14 October 2019, Nice, France, Organized under the Auspices of EORTC-IDG and ECMM.

Dear Friends and Colleagues,It is a great honor and pleasure for us to invite you cordially to participate in the 9th Congress on Trends in Medical Mycology (TIMM-9) [...].

Plant-Derived Natural Products in Cancer Research: Extraction, Mechanism of Action, and Drug Formulation.

Cancer is one of the main causes of death globally and considered as a major challenge for the public health system. The high toxicity and the lack of selectivity of conventional anticancer therapies make the search for alternative treatments a priority. In this review, we describe the main plant-derived natural products used as anticancer agents. Natural sources, extraction methods, anticancer mechanisms, clinical studies, and pharmaceutical formulation are discussed in this review. Studies covered by this review should provide a solid foundation for researchers and physicians to enhance basi

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… Vincristine Vincristine is a natural chemotherapeutic agent isolated mainly from the leaves of Catharanthus roseus (Madagascar periwinkle) [ 313 , 314 ]. The production rate of vincristine from its original source is very low which necessitate the presence of other sources [ 315 ]. …

The 4th Global Congress on Sickle Cell Disease Abstract Book 2022

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… Within the framework of an university degree, the Center has trained 126 physicians from 12 French-speaking countries in East and West Africa, Madagascar and Haiti. More than 300 communications relays were trained. …