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Coeliac disease as a model for understanding multiple sclerosis.

The genetic architecture of multiple sclerosis (MS) is similar to that of coeliac disease, with human leukocyte antigen (HLA) being the greatest genetic determinant in both diseases. Furthermore, similar to the involvement of gluten in coeliac disease, Epstein-Barr virus (EBV) infection is now widely considered to be an important environmental factor in MS. The molecular basis for the HLA association in coeliac disease is well defined, and B cells have a clear role in antigen presentation to gluten-specific CD4+ T cells. By contrast, the mechanisms underlying the HLA association of MS are unkn…

[Optical coherence tomography in the diagnosis of multiple sclerosis].

UNLABELLED: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune-inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease. PURPOSE: This study explores the main structural changes in patients with MS and their relationships with the activity and type of disease course. MATERIAL AND METHODS: This prospective study included 159 patients (318 eyes) with an established diagnosis of MS: group (44 eyes; 13.84%) - relapsing-remitting type MS (RRMS) lasting up to 1 year without a history of optic neuritis (ON); group 2 (30 eyes; 9.43%) - RRMS up to 1 year with ON; group 3 (56 eyes; 17.61%) - RRMS lasting from 1 to 10 …

Prevalence of primary headaches in multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is the most common immune-mediated inflammatory disease of the central nervous system. It is characterized by symptoms such as visual disturbances, paresis with spasticity, paresthesia, numbness, and fatigue. However, several studies have shown a high prevalence of headaches in individuals with MS. Migraine and tension-type headaches are the most frequent types of headaches experienced by those with MS. Additionally, the role of MS disease-modifying agents must be considered. These agents have different modes of action and side effect profiles, and their use…

Association of Fuchs Heterochromic Iridocyclitis with Multiple Sclerosis.

PURPOSE: To draw attention to the higher proportion of Fuchs heterochromic iridocyclitis (FHI) cases in patients with multiple sclerosis (MS). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Retrospective study of data collected at the Center for the Diagnosis and Treatment of Uveitis. RESULTS: An analysis of the medical records of 3016 patients with uveitis (in the years 2003-2020) was performed with a focus on MS. MS-associated uveitis was diagnosed in 90 patients (3%): anterior uveitis (n = 7), intermediate uveitis (n = 23), retinal vasculitis (n = 24), and panuveitis (n = 36). A clinical examination revealed sig…

Помимо Строка: отчет по делу о множественном склерозе.

Множественный склероз является воспалительным, аутоиммунным расстройством и создает проблемы с диагностикой из-за различных презентаций. В этом докладе представлены расхождения между типичными клиническими представлениями о множественном склерозе (MS), поскольку первоначальное представление напоминает симптомы инсульта головного ствола. Обычно подозрения MS возникают в присутствии предыдущих неврологических недостатков или признаков оптического неврата. В данном случае подчеркивается необходимость наличия большого числа подозрений в том, что РС происходит в случае предполагаемого инсульта или

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis is an inflammatory, autoimmune demyelinating condition and poses diagnostic challenges due to varied presentations. This case report presents a divergence from typical clinical presentations of multiple sclerosis (MS), as the initial presentation resembled symptoms of a brain stem stroke. Conventionally, MS suspicion arises in the presence…

Patterns and predictors of multiple sclerosis phenotype transition.

Currently, there are limited therapeutic options for patients with non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Therefore, real-world studies have investigated differences between patients with relapsing-remitting multiple sclerosis, non-active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis and active secondary progressive multiple sclerosis. Here, we explore patterns and predictors of transitioning between these phenotypes. We performed a cohort study using data from The Danish Multiple Sclerosis Registry. We included patients with a relapsing-remitting phenotype, registered changes to seco…

Нетипичное представление оптического неврита в мультиклерозе.

Оптический неврит (ON) — это воспаление зрительного нерва. «Типический» ON обычно ассоциируется с множественным склерозом (MS), и его классическая триада включает внезапную потерю зрения, боль в движении глаз и дишроматопсия. Обычно он имеет хороший визуальный результат независимо от лечения. Помимо этого, представление называется "нетипичным" и к числу причин относятся аутоиммунные заболевания, инфекции и оптическая нейропатия, связанная с системными расстройствами и т.д. Эти случаи требуют особого лечения в зависимости от причины. Поэтому важно проводить различие между "типичным" и "типичным

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Optic neuritis (ON) is the inflammation of the optic nerve. 'Typical' ON is commonly associated with multiple sclerosis (MS) and its classic triad includes sudden loss of vision, pain with eye movement and dyschromatopsia. It usually has good visual outcome irrespective of treatment. Presentation other than this is termed as 'atypical' ON and causes include …

Качество жизни людей с множественным склерозом в Португалии.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Множественный склероз существенно влияет на качество жизни тех, кто страдает от этого конкретного состояния. ЦЕЛЬ: Оценка качества жизни людей с множественным склерозом и анализ взаимосвязи между болезнью и связанными с ней последствиями и различными социально-демографическими, клиническими и функциональными переменными. МАТЕРИАЛЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Наблюдение, перекрестное, описательное и количественное исследование, проведенное с использованием непробивной удобной выборки, состоящей из 70 пациентов, страдающих множественным склерозом, зарегистрированных Ассоциацией по множественному склероз

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis significantly affects the quality of life of those suffering from this specific condition. OBJECTIVE: To assess the quality of life of people with multiple sclerosis and analyse the correlation between the disease and its associated effects and different sociodemographic, clinical, and functional variables. MATERIALS AND ME…

The pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis: a series of unfortunate events.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by the chronic inflammatory destruction of myelinated axons in the central nervous system. Several ideas have been put forward to clarify the roles of the peripheral immune system and neurodegenerative events in such destruction. Yet, none of the resulting models appears to be consistent with all the experimental evidence. They also do not answer the question of why MS is exclusively seen in humans, how Epstein-Barr virus contributes to its development but does not immediately trigger it, and why optic neuritis is such a frequent early manifestation in …

In silico repurposing of CNS drugs for multiple sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is an autoimmune neurodegenerative disease affecting numerous people worldwide. While the relapsing subtypes of MS are to some extent treatable, the disease remains incurable leading to progressive disability. Limited efficacy of current small molecule drugs necessitates development of efficient and safe MS medications. Accordingly, drug repurposing is an invaluable strategy that recognizes new targets for known drugs especially in the field of poorly addressed therapeutic areas. Drug discovery largely depends on the identification of potential binding molecules to the …

The prevalence of insomnia in multiple sclerosis: A meta-analysis.

Insomnia is a common complaint for adults with multiple sclerosis and can severely impact health-related quality of life. Point prevalence estimates of insomnia are, however, difficult to determine in this population due to the use of different measurement tools as well as the highly variable clinical presentation of multiple sclerosis. This review consolidates the current evidence base to provide a global estimate of insomnia disorders and symptoms in multiple sclerosis, with consideration of both measurement and sample issues. A comprehensive review of the PUBMED, EMBASE, PsycINFO and CINAHL…

Breastfeeding in Mothers with Multiple Sclerosis: The German Experience.

Background: Many female people with multiple sclerosis (pwMS) are in childbearing age; however, only few data exist about the situation of breastfeeding in pwMS. Objective: Our study analyzed breastfeeding rate and duration, reasons for weaning, and the impact of disease severity on successful breastfeeding in pwMS. Methods: The study included pwMS giving birth within 3 years before study participation. Data were collected by structured questionnaire. Results: Compared to published data, we found a significant difference (p = 0.0007) between the nursing rate in the general population (96.6%) a…

OCT and OCT-A biomarkers in multiple sclerosis - review.

Objective: Retinal neuronal and vascular changes have been observed in multiple sclerosis (MS) patients. The aim of this review was to highlight the most current optical coherence tomography (OCT) and optical coherence tomography angiography (OCT-A) data in MS and to provide information about the possibility of using OCT / OCT-A parameters as biomarkers for screening, diagnosis and monitoring of MS. Methods: To carry out this review, a meticulous literature search was undergone on PubMed between 2014 and the present day, using the following terms: "multiple", "sclerosis", "optical", "coherence…

Characteristics of the Manifestation of Multiple Sclerosis in Children in Lithuania.

Background and Objectives: Multiple sclerosis (MS) starts quite rarely in childhood, comprising just 3-10% of all diagnosed cases of MS population. The age of onset of the disease may be related to the initial phenotype and the prognosis of MS. The aim of the study is to assess the characteristics of the manifestation of MS in children. Materials and Methods: Two groups of patients were analyzed: those diagnosed with MS in childhood (0 < 18 years of age) and who developed MS in 2005-2021, and those diagnosed in adulthood (≥18 years old). The data were collected from the database of the Lithuan…

Криптококковый менингоэнцефалит в множестве склероза, обработанный финголимодом.

У 21-летней женщины с множественным склерозом (принимающей обычные финголимоды) возникла внезапная сильная головная боль от тошноты и болезни. Неврологический осмотр был нормальным, и она была аппетитной. Результаты анализа крови показали лимфоциты 0,53 х 109/л и химически активный протеин С 19 мг/л. КТ-сканирование головы и венограммы было нормальным. CSF продемонстрировал давление в момент открытия 33 см H2O и случайный световой рост неоформанцев Cryptococcus, подтвержденный положительным пятном индийской инк и положительным криптококковым антигеном (1:100). Её лечили от криптококкового мени

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
A 21-year-old woman with multiple sclerosis (taking regular fingolimod) developed sudden-onset severe headache with nausea and malaise. Neurological examination was normal and she was afebrile. Blood results showed lymphocytes 0.53 x 109/L and C reactive protein 19 mg/L. CT scan of head and venogram were normal. CSF showed an opening pressure of 33 cm H2O an…

A true isolated cognitive relapse in multiple sclerosis.

Isolated cognitive relapses (ICRs) have been a matter of debate for the past few years. Currently, there is no clear consensus on such an entity, as cognitive decline usually accompanies typical multiple sclerosis (MS) relapses. Herein, we present the neuropsychological and neurophysiological manifestations of a patient who suddenly complained of confusion and memory loss, showing insight into her deficit, in absence of sensorimotor disturbances. Neuroimaging revealed a large tumefactive gadolinium-enhancing lesion localized in the left medial temporal lobe. The patient's symptoms persisted fo…

Women's Health in Multiple Sclerosis: A Scoping Review.

BACKGROUND: Women with multiple sclerosis (MS) may face challenges related to managing reproduction, pregnancy, and menopause while simultaneously managing their disease. The purpose of this scoping review was to map the literature broadly related to topics relevant to women's health in MS to inform the clinical and research communities about the existing types and sources of evidence and knowledge gaps. Apart from coverage of topics within the field of women's health, we were interested in potential gaps related to geographic and racial and ethnic diversity. We also aimed to understand the de…

Multiple Sclerosis and Aging: The Dynamics of Demyelination and Remyelination.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory disease of the central nervous system (CNS) leading to demyelination and neurodegeneration. Life expectancy and age of onset in MS patients have been rising over the last decades, and previous studies have shown that age affects disease progression. Therefore, age appears as one of the most important factors in accumulating disability in MS patients. Indeed, the degeneration of oligodendrocytes (OGDs) and OGD precursors (OPCs) increases with age, in association with increased inflammatory activity of astrocytes and microglia. Similarly, age-rel…