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Altered secretory and neuroprotective function of the choroid plexus in progressive multiple sclerosis.

The choroid plexus (CP) is a key regulator of the central nervous system (CNS) homeostasis through its secretory, immunological and barrier properties. Accumulating evidence suggests that the CP plays a pivotal role in the pathogenesis of multiple sclerosis (MS), but the underlying mechanisms remain largely elusive. To get a comprehensive view on the role of the CP in MS, we studied transcriptomic alterations of the human CP in progressive MS and non-neurological disease controls using RNA sequencing. We identified 17 genes with significantly higher expression in progressive MS patients relati…

Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Based Therapy in Systemic Sclerosis: Rational and Challenges.

Systemic Sclerosis (SSc) is a rare chronic disease, related to autoimmune connective tissue diseases such as Systemic Lupus Erythematosus an … MSCs from various sources have been tested in many trials in different auto-immune diseases such as multiple sclerosis, Crohn's disease or systemic lupus erythematosus. They are characterized by a broad availability and no or low acute toxicity. However, few randomized prospective clinical trials were published and their production under ATMP regulatory procedures i …

Activation of humoral immunity and eosinophils in neuromyelitis optica.

OBJECTIVE: To study immunologic alterations in patients with neuromyelitis optica (NMO). METHODS: The authors studied 8 patients with NMO together with 16 healthy subjects, 16 patients with relapsing remitting multiple sclerosis (RRMS), and 16 patients with secondary progressive MS (SPMS), matched for age and sex, as controls. Because recent histopathologic studies have demonstrated that active NMO lesions consist of perivascular immunoglobulin (Ig) deposition and eosinophil infiltration, IL-5, IL-6, IL-12, IgG, and IgM production by anti-myelin oligodendrocyte glycoprotein (MOG) mononuclear …

Assessing Peripheral Blood Biomarkers and Predictive Patterns in Multiple Sclerosis Using Cytokines and Immune Gene Expression Profiles in Ocrelizumab-Treated Patients: Tracking Tumor Necrosis Factor.

Ocrelizumab, a humanized monoclonal anti-CD20 and B cell-depleting antibody, is a disease-modifying therapy for multiple sclerosis (MS), a chronic inflammatory, demyelinating, and neurodegenerative disease of the central nervous system. However, reliable predictive biomarkers of ocrelizumab's effectiveness, such as cytokine expression profiles in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs), are lacking. The aim of this study was to identify immunological biomarkers of ocrelizumab treatment response in MS patients, during a two-year follow-up. mRNA expression for specific immune molecules in PBM…

Окулистические и нейро-офтальмические проявления хронического воспламенения демилилинизации Полиневолюции.

Хроническая воспламенительная демиелинация полирадикулонэропропотии (CIDP) — иммунопосредованная неврапатия, характеризующаяся демиелинацией и аксонной травмой периферийных нервов. В то время как его отличительная характеристика включает в себя прогрессивные сенсорные недостатки, недопризнанная подгруппа пациентов развивает окулярные и нейро-офтальмические проявления. К ним относятся оптический неуриит, оптическая атрофия, потеря зрения, офтальмоплегия, экстраокульное расширение мышц с проптозом, внутричерепная гипертония и маленькая волокнопатология. Электрофизиологические и визуальные исслед

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Chronic inflammatory demyelinating polyradiculoneuropathy (CIDP) is an immune-mediated neuropathy characterized by demyelination and axonal … s system and cranial nerve involvement. These atypical manifestations often mimic disorders such as multiple sclerosis, neuromyelitis optica spectrum disorders, or thyroid eye disease, complicating early diagnosis. Importantly, most cases respond to standard immunomodulatory therapies, including intravenous immunoglobulin, corticosteroids, and plasma exchange. Advan …

Воздействие прогрессивной релаксации мышц на симптомы и общее благополучие пациентов с множественным склерозом: систематический обзор и метаанализ.

ЦЕЛЬ: Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим неврологическим расстройством с различными симптомами, ухудшающими повседневную жизнь и качество жизни. Прогрессивное мышечное расслабление (УММ) является нефармакологическим методом снижения симптомов и повышения благосостояния. В ходе этого исследования была проведена оценка воздействия ПМР на связанные с НР симптомы (усталость, сон, депрессия, стресс, боль) и общее благосостояние (качество жизни, повседневная деятельность, самооценка, самоэффективность). DESIGN: Исследование было разработано в качестве систематического обзора и метаанали

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
PURPOSE: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic neurological disorder with diverse symptoms impairing daily life and quality of life. Progressive muscle relaxation (PMR) is a nonpharmacological technique to reduce symptoms and enhance well-being. This study evaluated the effects of PMR on MS-related symptoms (fatigue, sleep, depression, stress, pain) and overa…

The neuroprotective potential of mesenchymal stem cells from bone marrow and human exfoliated deciduous teeth in a murine model of demyelination.

INTRODUCTION: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is characterized by chronic inflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration within the central nervous system (CNS), for which there is no current treatment available with the ability to promote neuroprotection or remyelination. Some aspects of the progressive form of MS are displayed in the murine cuprizone model, where demyelination is induced by the innate immune system without major involvement of the adaptive immune system. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) are multipotent cells with immunomodulatory and neuroprotective potential. In this study, we a…

Combined central and peripheral demyelination: Clinical features, diagnostic findings, and treatment.

Combined central and peripheral demyelination (CCPD) is rare, and current knowledge is based on case reports and small case series. The aim … atial dissemination of demyelinating lesions on brain MRI fulfilling the 2010 McDonald criteria for multiple sclerosis (MS) in 11 (46%). Two thirds of the patients had a relapsing or progressive disease course, usually related to the appearance of new spinal cord lesions or worsening of the peripheral neuropathy, and showed unsatisfactory responses to high-dose cort …

Muscle oxygen consumption by NIRS and mobility in multiple sclerosis patients.

BACKGROUND: The study of muscle metabolism by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) has been poorly implemented in multiple sclerosis (MS). Aims of the study were to compare resting muscle oxygen consumption (rmVO2) at gastrocnemius in MS patients and in age-matched healthy controls (HC) measured using NIRS, and to evaluate its possible relationship with patients' mobility. METHODS: Twenty-eight consecutively enrolled MS patients (male, n = 16; age = 42.7 ± 14.0 y, Relapsing-Remitting, n = 19; Primary-Progressive, n = 9) and 22 HC (male, n = 13; age = 36.0 ± 8.2 y) were studied during rest applyi…

Experimental models of amyotrophic lateral sclerosis.

Amyotrophic lateral sclerosis (ALS) is a chronic neurodegenerative disease characterized by the progressive loss of motor neurons, leading to profound weakness and eventual death of affected individuals. For the vast majority of patients with ALS, the etiology of the disorder is unknown, and although multiple clinical trials of various therapeutic agents have been undertaken, truly effective therapy is not currently available for the disease. The selection of treatments used in ALS clinical trials frequently has its basis in promising data obtained from experimental model systems in which the

Identification of commensal gut microbiota signatures as predictors of clinical severity and disease progression in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system and a leading cause of neurological disability in young adults. Clinical presentation and disease course are highly heterogeneous. Typically, disease progression occurs over time and is characterized by the gradual accumulation of disability. The risk of developing MS is driven by complex interactions between genetic and environmental factors, including the gut microbiome. How the commensal gut microbiota impacts disease severity and progression over time remains unknown. METHODS: In a longitudin…

The presynaptic protein bassoon is a biofluid biomarker of synaptic pathology in multiple sclerosis.

BACKGROUND: Neuroaxonal and synaptic loss are hallmarks of multiple sclerosis (MS), the most common autoimmune disorder of the central nervous system. However, it remains unclear at which disease stages synaptic pathology occurs. We hypothesised that synaptic proteins in plasma and cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) reflect synaptic injury in MS. METHODS: To identify synaptic proteins lost during neuroinflammation, we performed proteomic analysis of synaptoneurosomes from mice with experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE), the model of MS. The findings were validated by histology in the cortex …

Lower serum threonine and glutamine levels could be a predictor for multiple sclerosis in pregnancy.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease that affects the central nervous system. Recently, research has highlighted the significance of biochemical evaluation of metabolic pathways and circulating amino acids beyond their fundamental role as protein building blocks. They also function as key modulators of the immune system, neurotransmission, collagen synthesis, metabolic and regenerative pathways, which may influence disease progression. We hypothesized that a disturbed amino acid profile could be used as a biomarker for MS in pregnancy. Amino acid profiles of pregnant women d…

S3I-201, a STAT3 Inhibitor, Inhibits Proinflammatory Mediator Signalling in CD19 and CD45R/B220 Cells in a Mouse Model of Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic illness characterised by progressive central nervous system (CNS) degeneration. The efficacy of most current MS medicines is limited, and significant adverse effects remain a concern. STAT3 inhibitors show potential for treating several immunological diseases. The current study demonstrates that S3I-201, a well-established STAT3 inhibitor, effectively treats PLP139-151-induced EAE in SJL/J mice. After establishing EAE, mice were administered S3I-201 intraperitoneally (10 mg/kg) daily from day 14 through day 35. Flow cytometry was used to measure the effect …

Early Anti-CD20 and CNS Penetrant BTK Inhibition to Enhance OPC-Driven Remyelination in Multiple Sclerosis.

Disability in Multiple Sclerosis (MS) increasingly accrues through Progression Independent of Relapse Activity (PIRA), driven by compartmentalized inflammation in Chronic Active Lesions (CALs) such as Paramagnetic Rim Lesions (PRLs) and Slowly Expanding Lesions (SELs), which are poorly controlled by disease-modifying treatments. This review proposes a two-arm, repair-oriented strategy: (1) early high-efficacy anti-CD20 therapy to preserve axons and myelin (substrate preservation) while acknowledging residual on-treatment PIRA, and (2) central nervous system penetrant Bruton Tyrosine Kinase Inh…

Назальская мукоцилярная очистка и ее связь с болезнью пациентов с множественным склерозом.

Множественный склероз (MS) является хроническим воспалительным и нейродегенеративным заболеванием, связанным с повышенной подверженностью инфекциям. Первичным механизмом защиты дыхательной системы является слизистая очистка назала (NMC); однако его состояние у пациентов с MS остается недостаточно изученным. Эти перспективные, сопоставимые исследования по вопросам контроля за конкретными случаями включали в себя: 60 больные с синдромом MS и 60 :: контроль за состоянием здоровья в зависимости от возраста и пола. Время измерения NMC измерялось с использованием теста на сачарин в стандартных услов

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic inflammatory and neurodegenerative disease associated with increased susceptibility to infections. Nasal mucociliary clearance (NMC) is a primary defense mechanism of the respiratory system; however, its status in patients with MS remains insufficiently explored. MATERIAL AND METHODS This prospective, matched c…

Association of Individual or Family History of Autoimmune Disease With Future Development of Type 1 Diabetes.

Timely diagnosis of type 1 diabetes (T1D), especially in high-risk populations, is crucial for preventing serious health complications. T1D … osus, Sjögren's syndrome, autoimmune liver disease, pernicious anaemia, inflammatory bowel disease, multiple sclerosis, and granulomatosis with polyangiitis. This review highlights how certain individuals at risk of T1D can be identified to offer them islet autoantibody screening and, thereby, early detection of T1D.

A human histidyl-tRNA synthetase splice variant therapeutic targets NRP2 to resolve lung inflammation and fibrosis.

Interstitial lung disease (ILD) consists of a group of immune-mediated disorders that can cause inflammation and progressive fibrosis of the lungs, representing an area of unmet medical need given the lack of disease-modifying therapies and toxicities associated with current treatment options. Tissue-specific splice variants (SVs) of human aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases (aaRSs) are catalytic nulls thought to confer regulatory functions. One example from human histidyl-tRNA synthetase (HARS), termed HARSWHEP because the splicing event resulted in a protein encompassing the WHEP-TRS domain of HARS (

Exploring Sex-Based Mechanisms of Inflammation and Neurodegeneration in Multiple Sclerosis.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic autoimmune disease of the central nervous system (CNS) characterized by both immune-mediated inflammation and progressive neurodegeneration. While both processes occur in all individuals with MS, females more often present with heightened inflammatory activity, whereas males tend toward accelerated neurodegeneration and disability progression. This review synthesizes current evidence on biological, hormonal, genetic, epigenetic, and environmental mechanisms underlying sex-based differences in relapsing-remitting MS (RRMS), the most common MS subtype. We int…

Доклиническое воздействие длительного интермитирования в животной модели развития патологии множественных склерозов.

Множественный склероз (MS) представляет собой хроническое, иммунопосредованное неврологическое расстройство, которое затрагивает многих людей во всем мире с заметным преобладанием женщин. MS характеризуется демиэлизацией в центральной нервной системе (CNS), что приводит к поврежденной синаптической трансмиссии и широкому спектру неврологических симптомов, включая визуальные нарушения, дисфункцию двигателя, когнитивное расстройство и вертиго. Патофизиология MS включает в себя автореактивные белые кровяные клетки, нападающие на миелиновую оболочку, что приводит к образованию повреждений и прогре

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a chronic, immune-mediated neurological disorder that affects many individuals globally, with a marked female predominance. MS is characterized by demyelination within the central nervous system (CNS), leading to impaired synaptic transmission and a wide range of neurological symptoms, including visual disturbances, motor dysfuncti…