Результаты поиска

Community-level interventions for pre-eclampsia (CLIP) in Pakistan: A cluster randomised controlled trial.

OBJECTIVES: To reduce all-cause maternal and perinatal mortality and major morbidity through Lady Health Worker (LHW)-facilitated community engagement and early diagnosis, stabilization and referral of women with preeclampsia, an important contributor to adverse maternal and perinatal outcomes given delays in early detection and initial management. STUDY DESIGN: In the Pakistan Community-Level Interventions for Pre-eclampsia (CLIP) cluster randomized controlled trial (NCT01911494), LHWs engaged the community, recruited pregnant women from 20 union councils (clusters), undertook mobile health-…

Common Cancers in Karachi, Pakistan: 2010-2019 Cancer Data from the Dow Cancer Registry.

OBJECTIVES: To present 2010-2019 cancer data from the Dow Cancer Registry representing all districts of Karachi (~17.4 million). METHODS: T … gly, Karachi males have highest ASR of cancers of lip and oral cavity compared to any other city of Pakistan.

A Race against Time: Reduced Azithromycin Susceptibility in Salmonella enterica Serovar Typhi in Pakistan.

Antimicrobial resistance is an ongoing issue in the treatment of typhoid fever. Resistance to first-line antimicrobials and extensively drug resistant (XDR) Salmonella Typhi isolates in Pakistan have left azithromycin as the only remaining effective oral treatment. Here, we report the emergence of organisms with a single point mutation in acrB gene, implicated in azithromycin resistance, in a S. Typhi isolate from Pakistan. The isolation of this organism is worrisome and highlights the significance of the introduction of typhoid conjugate vaccine in South Asia.IMPORTANCE The emergence of XDR S…

State of Mental Health Among Transgender Individuals in Pakistan: Psychological Resilience and Self-esteem.

The current research intended to study the state of mental health among the community of transgender individuals in Pakistan. The level of psychological resilience and self-esteem was explored in addition to finding the differences regarding socio-demographic factors. A sample of 100 transgender individuals was selected through snowball sampling. Data was gathered through self-respondent questionnaire and interviews. Results showed that 29% of the sample have low level of psychological resilience while 74% presented low to moderate level of self-esteem. A significant positive correlation was f…

Prevalence of extensive drug resistance in bacterial isolates harboring blaNDM-1 in Quetta Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: Extensive drug resistant Gram-negative bacilli, harboring New Delhi metallo-β-lactamase-1 (bla NDM-1) having the ability to hydrolyze β-lactams, have become a vital global clinical threat. The present study was, therefore, designed to investigate the prevalence and epidemiology of NDM-1 producers in Quetta, Pakistan. METHODS: This study was carried out in Microbiology Laboratory, Bolan Medical Complex Hospital Quetta, Biotechnology laboratory, BUITEMS Quetta and Hi-tech laboratory, CASVAB, University of Balochistan, Quetta, from March to June 2018, during the hot season. Biochemica…

Occupational health surveillance: pulmonary function testing and oxidative stress among photocopying workers in Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: The photocopying occupation contributes to various health issues in workers. Elevated levels of oxidative stress have been found to be associated with respiratory problems in occupational workers. The intention of the current research is to evaluate the association between the pulmonary function parameters, a biomarker of oxidative stress, and the photocopying occupation in Lahore, Pakistan. MATERIAL AND METHODS: The study was performed on a group of photocopying operators (N = 100) and a control group (N = 100). A structured questionnaire was developed to gather the demographic a…

Awareness and Self Care Practices of Elderly Men Regarding Prostate Diseases in Karachi, Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: The prostate gland is a male sexual organ which has a number of diseases associated with it, such as prostatitis, benign prostatic hyperplasia (BPH), and prostatic cancer (PC). BPH is the most common neoplasm, and it causes significant urinary symptoms in adult males. According to the World Health Organization (WHO) report of 2014, out of all the cancers, PC had the fifth highest incidence in males throughout Pakistan. The purpose of this study was to determine the awareness of elderly men of Karachi regarding prostate diseases (PDs) and their attitude towards screening practices. …

Correlation between Testicular Hemodynamic and Semen Quality Indices in Clinical Varicocele Patients in Pakistan.

Varicocele, a vascular event, is associated with infertility due to testicular damage that causes abnormal spermatogenesis in males. The goal of this study is to ascertain the diagnostic significance of scrotal color Doppler ultrasonography (CDUS) by measuring peak systolic value (PSV) and resistive index (RI) of the arteries supplying blood to the testis and their association with semen quality attributes. Sixty prospective patients (age: 20-50 years) undergoing microsurgical varicocelectomy at a teaching hospital were included in the study. Semen parameters and CDUS were recorded and testicu

Sulfasalazine-induced Pancytopenia Indicating Bone Marrow Suppression: A Rare Pediatric Case Report from Pakistan.

Juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA) is the most common chronic rheumatic condition in children. The treatment of JIA is mainly by drug therapy, which includes non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), corticosteroids, and disease-modifying antirheumatic drugs (DMARDs). Sulfasalazine is a DMARD that is used as the second-line of therapy. Although believed to have an effective and safe profile, it has side effects ranging from mild gastrointestinal discomfort to hematopoietic alterations. In this study, we present a case of JIA with sulfasalazine-induced bone marrow suppression in a five-y

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever: Case study analysis of a sporadic outbreak from Chakwal, Pakistan.

Crimean-Congo Haemorrhagic Fever (CCHF) is a deadly viral zoonotic disease, which is endemic in Pakistan. We report a case study analysis of three cases of CCHF which occurred in Chakwal, Pakistan in 2016. The disease was suspected in three patients exhibiting clinical symptoms suggestive of CCHF; two of the three patients died. The presence of CCHF was detected by seroconversion (IgG) from the surviving patient, while the antigen was detected in Hyalomma ticks originating from animals in the vicinity. This report indicates increase threat emergence of CCHF in Pakistan and highlights its zoono…

Typhoidal Salmonella strains in Pakistan: an impending threat of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella Typhi.

The aim of this study is to see the frequency, clinical presentation, and therapeutic response of extensively drug-resistant Salmonella enterica serovar Typhi and current susceptibility pattern of typhoidal Salmonella strains in our setup. This study was carried out at the Department of Medical Microbiology and Immunology and Department of Medicine, Pakistan Navy Ship (PNS) Shifa Hospital, Karachi, from January 1 to December 31, 2018. All the blood culture samples of patients (indoor and outdoor) with suspicion of enteric fever were processed. Isolates were cultured and identified using standa…

Incidence of metallo-beta-lactamase-producing Klebsiella pneumoniae isolates from hospital setting in Pakistan.

The aim of this study was monitoring and surveillance in different wards of the PIMS hospital, Islamabad, to understand emerging challenges of antibiotic resistance in particular association with most virulent serotypes of Klebsiella pneumoniae. The study was conducted during March 2015 to September 2015. The study showed that rate of isolation of K. pneumoniae was 37% (103 positives out of a total of 277 clinical samples) and 7.7% (8) were phenotypically and genotypically confirmed to be metallo-β-lactamase resistant (carbapenem resistant) and all of them were multidrug resistant (MDR). These

Earthquake-Induced Injuries: Retrospective Epidemiological Analysis of the 2015 Hindu Kush Earthquake in Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to analyze retrospectively the earthquake-induced injuries caused by the October 2015 Hindu Kush earthquake in Pakistan. This is the first population-based study to assess epidemiologically earthquake-induced injuries in the Hindu Kush region, one of the world's most mountainous and seismically active regions. Unfortunately, only limited studies have investigated the earthquake-induced injuries and deaths in the region epidemiologically. METHODS: The 5 worst affected districts were selected according to the highest number of deaths and injuries recorded. A…

Смертельная вспышка ветрянки в округе Фейсалабад, Пакистан: возможные причины и превентивный путь вперед.

В этой статье подробно излагаются наши рекомендации в отношении смертельной вспышки ветряной оспы для рассмотрения вопроса о дополнительной передаче вопроса об отсутствии системы мониторинга профилактики и контроля, а также плохой системы вакцинации детей с низким уровнем ресурсов. Недавняя вспышка ветрянки в Пакистане унесла жизни десятков людей. Смерти в этой нынешней вспышке в результате быстрых постоянств не поддаются пониманию. Возрождение ветрянки в этом районе вызвало много вопросов. Учитывая распространение ветрянки, главным образом в Фейсалабаде, и его международную репутацию в торгов

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
This article details our recommendations for the deadly outbreak of chickenpox to consider the additional referral of the absence of a monitoring system of prevention and control along with poor vaccination system for children in low-resource settings. The recent spread of chickenpox outbreak in Pakistan has claimed dozens of lives. The deaths in this curren…

Spectrum of Celiac disease in Paediatric population: Experience of Tertiary Care Center from Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: To determine clinical features and relevant laboratory investigations of patient with celiac disease (CD) and comparing classical celiac disease (CCD) with Non-diarrheal celiac disease (NDCD). METHODS: This is a five years retrospective study conducted at The Aga Khan University Hospital Karachi, Pakistan from January 2010 to December 2015, enrolling children from one year to 15 years of either gender diagnosed as celiac disease in accordance with revised ESPGHAN criteria. Biopsy samples with grade 2 or more on Modified Marsh Classification were considered as consistent with celiac…

Diaphyseal Nutrient Foramina In Dried Human Adult Long Bones Of Lower Limb In Pakistan.

BACKGROUND: osteogenesis needs circulation of blood in the bones. Bone growth, repair of fracture, maintenance of bone vitality and other injures also need blood circulation in proper way. Blood is allowed to flow via holes in the diaphysis, which are called as nutrient foramina. METHODS: The crosssectional study was done in the department of Anatomy, Ayub and Khyber Medical College (Osteology Sections). The aim was to observe diaphyseal nutrient foramina in the human long bones of the lower limb. The study was done on 90 long bones of lower limb consisting of 30 femora, 30 tibiae and 30 fibu

Pattern of skin diseases among patients attending a tertiary care hospital in Lahore, Pakistan.

OBJECTIVE: There has been a rise in the magnitude of dermatological diseases in the South East Asian region. This study aimed to determine t … presented in the outpatient Department of Dermatology, King Edward Medical University Mayo Hospital Pakistan. Out of this sample, 24,302 patients repeatedly came to the hospital for a follow up visit related to their diseases, while 71,681 were enrolled as new cases. This group comprised 58% females and 42% males; most patients were in the 20-40 years age …

Social capital's role in recovery: evidence from communities affected by the 2010 Pakistan floods.

Pakistan suffered large-scale flooding in summer 2010 that caused damage amounting to approximately USD 43 billion, claimed the lives of at least 1,700 people, and negatively affected some 20 million others. Observers have debated the degree to which social capital plays a role in recovery after a catastrophe of this magnitude. Using new survey data on 450 residents impacted by the disaster, this study found that, controlling for various confounding factors, the social capital levels of victims serve as robust correlates of life recovery. Other important variables connected with recovery inclu…

Attitudes towards non-invasive prenatal diagnosis among obstetricians in Pakistan, a developing, Islamic country.

OBJECTIVES: Stakeholders' views are essential for informing implementation strategies for non-invasive prenatal testing (NIPT). Little is known about such views in developing countries. We explored attitudes towards NIPT among obstetricians in Pakistan, a developing, Islamic country. METHODS: A 35-item questionnaire was distributed and collected at eight events (a national conference and seven workshops in five cities) for obstetric professionals on advances in fetal medicine. RESULTS: Responses from 113 obstetrician show positive attitudes towards implementation of NIPT: 95% agreed preventi…