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Cutaneous adverse events to systemic antineoplastic therapies: a retrospective study in a public oncologic hospital.

BackgroundMucocutaneous adverse events are common during anticancer treatment, with variable consequences for the patient and their therapeutic regimen.ObjectiveTo evaluate the most common adverse events, as well as the drugs associated with their appearance and the consequences for cancer treatment.MethodsA retrospective study was carried out through the analysis of patients treated at the Clinical Dermatology Unit of a public oncologic hospital.ResultsA total of 138 patients with 200 adverse events were evaluated. The most commonly identified adverse events were nail and periungual changes (

Natural and semisynthetic candidate molecules for COVID-19 prophylaxis and treatment.

Coronaviruses (CoVs) represent a family of viruses that have numerous animal hosts, and they cause severe respiratory, as well as systemic and enteric infections, in humans. Currently, there are limited antiviral strategies for treating patients infected with severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2). The lack of specific antiviral medicines and SARS-CoV-2 vaccines continues to aggravate the situation. Natural product-based antiviral drugs have been used in the two previous CoV outbreaks: Middle East respiratory syndrome coronavirus (MERS-CoV) and the first SARS-CoV. This re

Evaluating the triglyceride glucose index as a predictive biomarker for osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes.

OBJECTIVE: Osteoporosis is a common condition among individuals with type 2 diabetes; however, the relationship between insulin resistance, as measured by the Triglyceride Glucose Index (TyG), and osteoporosis has not been sufficiently explored. This study seeks to address this research gap by investigating the diagnostic value of TyG in identifying osteoporosis in patients with type 2 diabetes. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed on clinical data from 207 diabetic subjects (83 in the osteoporosis group, 124 in the non-osteoporosis group), using SPSS version 27.0 and MedCalc 23 fo

Breaking Boundaries: Immunotherapy for Myeloid Malignancies.

Immunotherapy has revolutionized the treatment of myeloid oncologic diseases, particularly for patients resistant to chemotherapy or ineligible for allogeneic stem cell transplantation due to age or fitness constraints. As our understanding of the immunopathogenesis of myeloid malignancies expands, so too do the treatment options available to patients. Immunotherapy in myeloid malignancies, however, faces numerous challenges due to the dynamic nature of the disease, immune dysregulation, and the development of immune evasion mechanisms. This review outlines the progress made in the field of im

Impact of Galectin-3 Circulating Levels on Frailty in Elderly Patients with Systolic Heart Failure.

Background: Heart Failure (HF), a leading cause of morbidity and mortality, represents a relevant trigger for the development of frailty in the elderly. Inflammation has been reported to play an important role in HF and frailty pathophysiology. Galectin-3 (Gal-3), whose levels increase with aging, exerts a relevant activity in the processes of cardiac inflammation and fibrosis. The aim of the present study was to investigate the potential of Galectin-3 to serve as a biomarker of frailty in HF patients. Methods: 128 consecutive patients aged 65 and older with the diagnosis of systolic HF underw

The skeleton: an overlooked regulator of systemic glucose metabolism in cancer?

Recent discoveries demonstrated the skeleton's role as an endocrine organ regulating whole-body glucose homeostasis. Glucose metabolism is critical for rapid cell proliferation and tumour growth through increasing glucose uptake and fermentation of glucose to lactate despite being in an aerobic environment. This hypothesis paper discusses emerging evidence on how bones can regulate whole-body glucose homeostasis with potential to impact on tumour growth and proliferation. Moreover, it proposes a clinical link between bone glucose metabolism and prognosis of cancer based on recent clinical tria

The Schnitzler syndrome.

The Schnitzler syndrome is a rare and underdiagnosed entity which is considered today as being a paradigm of an acquired/late onset auto-inflammatory disease. It associates a chronic urticarial skin rash, corresponding from the clinico-pathological viewpoint to a neutrophilic urticarial dermatosis, a monoclonal IgM component and at least 2 of the following signs: fever, joint and/or bone pain, enlarged lymph nodes, spleen and/or liver, increased ESR, increased neutrophil count, abnormal bone imaging findings. It is a chronic disease with only one known case of spontaneous remission. Except of

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… There are no vasculitis and no significant dermal edema, which allows distinction from urticarial vasculitis and the Sweet syndrome respectively. …

Next Generation Therapeutics for the Treatment of Myelofibrosis.

Myelofibrosis is a myeloproliferative neoplasm characterized by splenomegaly, constitutional symptoms, bone marrow fibrosis, and a propensity towards transformation to acute leukemia. JAK inhibitors are the only approved therapy for myelofibrosis and have been successful in reducing spleen and symptom burden. However, they do not significantly impact disease progression and many patients are ineligible due to coexisting cytopenias. Patients who are refractory to JAK inhibition also have a dismal survival. Therefore, non-JAK inhibitor-based therapies are being explored in pre-clinical and clini

Artificially Sweetened Beverages Beyond the Metabolic Risks: A Systematic Review of the Literature.

We carried out a review of the available literature on the effects that artificially sweetened beverages (ASBs) such as diet soda (DS) have on health, particularly those not related to incident diabetes mellitus, obesity, and metabolic syndrome. A search of scientific articles was carried out using 11 different databases: PubMed, Cochrane, LILACS, MEDLINE Ovid, JAMA Network, IBECS, Cumed, Scopus, SciELO, MEDLINE-EBSCO, and Taylor & Francis Online. Articles published in the last 10 years were considered, considering cross-sectional studies, retrospective or prospective cohort studies, case-cont

Extraglandular Manifestations of Sjögren’s Syndrome (SS): Dermatologic, Arthritic, Endocrine, Pulmonary, Cardiovascular, Gastroenterology, Renal, Urology, and Gynecologic Manifestations

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A Rapid Review of Adenocarcinoma and Pulmonary Tumor Thrombotic Microangiopathy: A Deadly Duo.

Pulmonary tumor thrombotic microangiopathy (PTTM) is a rare paraneoplastic syndrome associated with various adenocarcinomas, most commonly gastric adenocarcinoma. This condition can progressively worsen pulmonary arterial hypertension, leading to acute or subacute pulmonary heart failure and respiratory insufficiency. This paper examines the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis of PTTM. Given PTTM's poor prognosis, we emphasize treatment strategies. PTTM in adenocarcinoma patients can mimic other pulmonary diseases, causing diagnostic delays. Current PTTM tr

Therapeutic targeting in pediatric acute myeloid leukemia with aberrant HOX/MEIS1 expression.

Despite advances in the clinical management of childhood acute myeloid leukemia (AML) during the last decades, outcome remains fatal in approximately one third of patients. Primary chemoresistance, relapse and acute and long-term toxicities to conventional myelosuppressive therapies still constitute significant challenges and emphasize the unmet need for effective targeted therapies. Years of scientific efforts have translated into extensive insights on the heterogeneous spectrum of genetics and oncogenic signaling pathways of AML and identified a subset of patients characterized by upregulati

Summary for clinicians: ERS guidelines on pulmonary alveolar proteinosis.

Pulmonary alveolar proteinosis (PAP) is a rare lung disease caused by accumulation of surfactant in the alveoli, leading to debilitating respiratory symptoms and impaired gas exchange. The recent European Respiratory Society guidelines provide evidence-based recommendations for its diagnosis and management. Autoimmune PAP (aPAP) is the most common form, driven by granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) autoantibodies. Recommended diagnostic tools include bronchoalveolar lavage and quantitative GM-CSF antibody testing. Whole lung lavage and inhaled GM-CSF are first-line treatm

The habenula as a novel link between the homeostatic and hedonic pathways in cancer-associated weight loss: a pilot study.

BACKGROUND: Little is known about the brain mechanisms underlying cancer-associated weight loss (C-WL) in humans despite this condition negatively affecting their quality of life and survival. We tested the hypothesis that patients with C-WL have abnormal connectivity in homeostatic and hedonic brain pathways together with altered brain activity during food reward. METHODS: In 12 patients with cancer and 12 healthy controls, resting-state functional connectivity (RSFC, resting brain activity observed through changes in blood flow in the brain which creates a blood oxygen level-dependent signa

MicroRNA in cancer therapy: breakthroughs and challenges in early clinical applications.

MicroRNAs (miRNAs) have emerged as pivotal regulators in cancer biology, influencing tumorigenesis, progression, and resistance to therapy. Their ability to modulate multiple oncogenic and tumor-suppressive pathways positions them as promising therapeutic tools or targets. This review examines the dual role of miRNAs in solid and hematological malignancies, starting from their dysregulation in various cancer types. Therapeutic approaches, including miRNA replacement and inhibition strategies, are discussed alongside innovative delivery systems such as lipid nanoparticles and exosomes. Despite

Inflammatory Microenvironment and Specific T Cells in Myeloproliferative Neoplasms: Immunopathogenesis and Novel Immunotherapies.

The Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) are malignancies of the hematopoietic stem cell (HSC) arising as a consequence of clonal proliferation driven by somatically acquired driver mutations in discrete genes (JAK2, CALR, MPL). In recent years, along with the advances in molecular characterization, the role of immune dysregulation has been achieving increasing relevance in the pathogenesis and evolution of MPNs. In particular, a growing number of studies have shown that MPNs are often associated with detrimental cytokine milieu, expansion of the monocyte/macrophage compar

Longitudinal assessment and predictors of subjective taste change after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT).

PurposeThe aims of this investigation within the Orastem study were to describe the prevalence of subjective taste change, levels of patient-reported distress associated with taste change, and factors predicting taste change after hematopoietic cell transplantation (HCT) with a particular focus on factors predictive of severe and/or persistent (present at 12 months) taste change.MethodsAltogether, 238 patients at five cancer centers were followed during HCT hospitalization and up to 12 months post-HCT. Patients with taste change were compared to non-affected patients with respect to gender, ag

Relapsing polychondritis: tracheobronchial involvement and differential diagnoses.

This review is describing the diagnostic and therapeutic approach to tracheobronchial involvement in relapsing polychondritis (RP), with a focus on differential diagnoses of inflammatory origin. RP is a systemic auto-immune disease that mainly affects cartilage structures, progressing through inflammatory flare-ups between phases of remission and ultimately leading to deformation of the involved cartilages. Besides the damage of auricular or nasal cartilage, tracheobronchial and cardiac involvement are the most severe, and can seriously alter the prognosis. Tracheobronchial lesions are assesse

Obesity Disease and Surgery.

Obesity is a medical disease that is increasing significantly nowadays. Worldwide obesity prevalence doubled since 1980. Obese patients are at great risk for complications with physical and psychological burdens, thus affecting their quality of life. Obesity is well known to have higher risk for cardiovascular diseases, diabetes mellitus, musculoskeletal diseases and shorter life expectancy. In addition, obesity has a great impact on surgical diseases, and elective surgeries in comparison to general population. There is higher risk for wound infection, longer operative time, poorer outcome, an

Vitamin C Transporters and Their Implications in Carcinogenesis.

Vitamin C is implicated in various bodily functions due to its unique properties in redox homeostasis. Moreover, vitamin C also plays a great role in restoring the activity of 2-oxoglutarate and Fe2+ dependent dioxygenases (2-OGDD), which are involved in active DNA demethylation (TET proteins), the demethylation of histones, and hypoxia processes. Therefore, vitamin C may be engaged in the regulation of gene expression or in a hypoxic state. Hence, vitamin C has acquired great interest for its plausible effects on cancer treatment. Since its conceptualization, the role of vitamin C in cancer t