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Young adults with learning disabilities: a study of psychosocial functioning at transition to adult services.

A study of the psychosocial functioning of young adults with a history of learning disability (LD) in childhood is reported. The design was … uring school years. Most of the young adults were living at home (n=108) and many were in full-time employment (independent employment n=41, sheltered employment n=20), this survey having been carried out in an area of high employment. A strong correlation was found between the child IQ score and subsequent adult Vineland Scale Score. Greater efforts should …

Профессиональная реабилитация лиц с множественным склерозом в национальной системе здравоохранения Соединенного Королевства: оценка реального положения.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Имеются ограниченные данные о том, каким образом профессиональная реабилитация лиц с множественным склерозом (МС) может осуществляться через Национальную службу здравоохранения (НСЗ) Соединенного Королевства (Соединенное Королевство) и как она работает. AIM: Уяснить механизмы и контекст осуществления VR-терапии для лиц, имеющих MS в ГСЗ, и разработать теорию пояснительных программ. МЕТОДЫ: Реалистичная оценка, включая обзор доказательств, а затем полуструктурированные собеседования. Был проведен реалистический обзор VR для лиц, имеющих MS в НСЗ six Электронные базы данны

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: There is limited evidence about how vocational rehabilitation (VR) for people with multiple sclerosis (MS) can be delivered thro … on of VR in the NHS for MS populations, uncovering the complex interplay between the healthcare and employment sectors to influence health and employment outcomes. VR programmes that offer timely support, tailored to the needs of the person with MS, and that support and empower the employee beyond the healthcare context are most likely associated with improv …

Exploring Vocational Training Interventions for Adults With Autism Spectrum Disorders: A Scoping Review.

Adults with autism spectrum disorder (ASD) continue to face substantial barriers to obtaining and sustaining employment, including challenges related to social communication, understanding workplace expectations, and navigating job interviews, which contribute to underemployment and reduced quality of life. This scoping review mapped the contemporary evidence (2015-2025) on vocational training and employment-related interventions for autistic adults, with particular attention to intervention types, strengths/limitations, professional roles, and contextual factors shaping implementation. Follow…

Prison sentencing increases the risk of unemployment among illegal heroin users in Taiwan.

BACKGROUND: Previous studies have rarely explored the effect of type of sentencing on employment status among illegal heroin users, therefore, we aims to examine the association of the sentencing types and employment outcomes among illegal heroin users in Taiwan. METHODS: Participants with illegal heroin use were identified through the national prison register system and deferred prosecution system: 2406 with deferred prosecutions, 4741 with observation and rehabilitation, 15 compulsory rehabilitation and 1958 sentenced to prison in calendar 2011. Logistic regression models were built to esti…

[Social inclusion for visually impaired: experience and results from Assis].

PURPOSES: To establish the visually impaired resource class users profile in the city of Assis - SP, to estimate the visually impaired employment percentage and to compare employment rate with age, gender, deficiency type and causing disease between two periods:1984 - 1996 and 1997 - 2009. METHODS: Retrospective review of both medical and school records from visually impaired individuals attending visually impaired resource class in Assis - SP between 1984 and 2009. This time period was divided into two intervals: 1984 - 1996 (G1) and 1997 - 2009 (G2). Collected data included demographic feat…

Update of the Texaco mortality study 1947-93: Part II. Analyses of specific causes of death for white men employed in refining, research, and petrochemicals.

OBJECTIVE: To examine patterns of mortality for specific causes of death with increases in the Texaco mortality study to determine if the patterns are related to employment in the petroleum industry. METHODS: Mortality patterns by duration of employment in various job groups were examined for mesothelioma, non-Hodgkin's lymphoma, multiple myeloma, cell type specific leukaemia, and brain tumours. RESULTS: Mortality from mesothelioma was examined for the total cohort and for two maintenance groups with the greatest potential for exposure to asbestos. The insulator group had a standardised mort…

The effect of violent crime history on success rates of individualized placement and support.

Individualized Placement and Support-Supported Employment (IPS-SE) has been shown to be successful assisting those with mental illness and/or substance use disorders who have histories of incarceration find employment. This study evaluates the effectiveness of a hybrid IPS-SE program for working with individuals with violent and non-violent offenses. This study compared two cohorts of U.S. veterans with histories of prison incarceration, 60 receiving IPS-SE plus a vocational group and 59 receiving group only. Follow-up was six months. Those receiving IPS-SE had superior employment outcomes com…

[Occupational and extra-occupational stresses during pregnancy subjectively assessed by the gravida and their significance in relation to other perinatal risks for the newborn infant].

6780 mothers postpartaly were asked how they assess their occupational employment. We made following groups: the work is physically very strain, middle strain or not strain, the work is mentally very exert, middle exert or not exert. We selected 2/3 or all cases to have high risk in pregnancy or neonatal period. We found statistical coherences between the subjective judgement and the social status. The correlations between the subjective judgement of the occupational employment and the risk factors of the perinatal period were loose. The correlations between the perinatal risk factors and the …

A randomized controlled trial protocol for evaluating the feasibility, acceptability, and work outcomes of individualized placement and support adapted for autistic adults in the community.

Relatively few autistic adults, including those with average intellectual abilities, are competitively employed, meaning that they hold jobs … purpose, well-being, and ability to earn a living wage. Available research suggests that supported employment that assists autistic adults in finding and keeping jobs, produces the highest sustained competitive employment rates. Thus, our team has been investigating the Individualized Placement and Support (IPS) model, which has an extensive evidence base f …

Tobacco Use Patterns Among University Students in Herat, Afghanistan: A Cross-sectional Study.

BACKGROUND: Tobacco use is highly prevalent in Afghanistan, posing a significant challenge among young people, including university students … mother's education (secondary/high school OR=2.19; university OR=2.68), friends' use (OR=9.54), and employment status (OR=2.52). The hookah model highlighted friends' use (OR=31.05), marital status (OR=2.10), employment status (OR=1.76), and mother's education (secondary/high school OR=2.18; university OR=3.57) as predictors. In the ST model, predictors were …

"It suits my needs": Self-employed individuals with psychiatric disabilities and small businesses.

OBJECTIVE: Small business is a favorably regarded institution in America. Given employment disparities among individuals with psychiatric disabilities compared to other workers, self-employment has potential to promote career development and community integration. However, little is known about what has helped or hindered current small business owners with psychiatric disabilities. This exploratory study identified characteristics of individuals' work and disability histories, as well as business characteristics, that can inform policy and practice development in support of disability-owned sm…

A case-control study of mesothelioma in Minnesota iron ore (taconite) miners.

OBJECTIVES: An excess of mesothelioma has been observed in iron ore miners in Northeastern Minnesota. Mining and processing of taconite iron ore generate exposures that include elongate mineral particles (EMPs) of amphibole and non-amphibole origin. We conducted a nested case-control study of mesothelioma in a cohort of 68,737 iron ore miners (haematite and taconite ore miners) to evaluate the association between mesothelioma, employment and EMP exposures from taconite mining. METHODS: Mesothelioma cases (N=80) were identified through the Minnesota Cancer Surveillance System (MCSS) and death …

Incidence of lung cancer by histological type among asbestos cement workers in Denmark.

OBJECTIVE: A significant twofold increased risk of lung cancer was found among 8000 men employed in the Danish asbestos cement industry between 1928 and 1984. The histological pattern of 104 lung cancer cases was studied with the aim of evaluating a relation between specific morphological types, duration of employment, and time since first employment. METHODS: Age, sex, and calendar time specific incidence of morphological subtypes of lung cancer (adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma, anaplastic carcinoma, and unspecified malignant tumour) for all Danish men were computed from 1943 to 1984…

Risk factors for resignation from work during pregnancy among Japanese women: a cross-sectional, multicenter questionnaire survey.

This study was to investigate the employment status of pregnant women in Japan and identify risk factors associated with resigning from work during pregnancy. We conducted a cross-sectional survey with 975 postpartum women in Tokyo and its suburbs, focusing on those who were employed during pregnancy. Women who were employed when they became pregnant were selected and divided into two groups: those who did not resign and those who resigned; the groups were analyzed separately. Multiple logistic regression analyses were performed to examine associations between employment resignation and risk f…

Postsecondary education: kindling opportunities for people with mental illness.

Education is recognized in many sectors of society as essential for empowerment and better lives, and postsecondary education is increasingly a prerequisite for many occupations. Given its onset in late adolescence and early adulthood, mental illness frequently disrupts secondary or tertiary education, and resulting lower educational attainment contributes to reduced lifetime employment and earning potential. Yet, supporting people with mental illnesses to pursue postsecondary education offers pathways to vocational qualifications and more diverse opportunities for employment and career advanc…

Psychosocial aspects of injured workers' returning to work (RTW) in Hong Kong.

INTRODUCTION: This study was designed to explore the psychosocial aspects of injured workers, their self-perceived capacity and how these factors influence their success in Return To Work (RTW). METHOD: Seventy-five subjects were recruited from the Hong Kong Workers' Health Centre and were assessed on three occasions consisting of interviews and four self-rated instruments including the Chinese Lam's Assessment of Employment Readiness (C-LASER), the SF-36 health survey, the Chinese State Trait and the Anxiety Inventory (C-STAI). RESULTS: Results showed that the contemplation and pre-contempl…

Allergy to laboratory animals: a survey by questionnaire.

A survey carried out on a total of 1,487 individuals showed that, of the 585 who worked with laboratory animals, 19.5% developed moderate to severe allergic symptoms some time after starting employment. The corresponding figure for those who had never worked with animals was 13.4%. The animal worker group contained significantly more individuals with asthma, repeated attacks of sneezing, blocked nose or smarting eyes (alone or in combination), than did the control group. There was no significant difference in terms of the incidence or type of allergy developing after employment between those w…

The Maternal Dilemma.

The Family and Medical Leave Act (FMLA) aims to protect the right to be free from gender-based discrimination in the workplace . . . . By creating an across-the-board, routine employment benefit for all eligible employees, Congress sought to ensure that family-care leave would no longer be stigmatized as an inordinate drain on the workplace caused by female employees, and that employers could not evade leave obligations simply by hiring men. "By setting a minimum standard of family leave for all eligible employees, irrespective of gender, the FMLA attacks the formerly state-sanctioned stereoty…

An integrative conceptual review and theoretical framework of surprise in organizations.

From Aristotle through René Descartes, Adam Smith, and Charles Darwin, surprise has been a source of fascination and many questions in philosophy and social sciences. Yet, the definitions of surprise, as well as its implications for individuals in organizations, have been siloed leading to notable confusion and debates in recent research. This integrative review synthesizes insights from psychology, management, and other related fields to provide a comprehensive understanding of surprise in organizational contexts. We explore the cognitive and emotional mechanisms that underlie surprise as wel

Disaster resilience assessment based on the spatial and temporal aggregation effects of earthquake-induced hazards.

Since the "5.12" Wenchuan earthquake in 2008, frequent geologic hazards along the Longmenshan fault zone have had significant impacts on the … nomic perspective, two disaster resilience indexes, the compatibility coefficient of industrial and employment structure and per capita GDP growth rate, were constructed to analyze the disaster resilience under the spatial and temporal aggregation effect of landslide geological hazards. The results show that, on the temporal trend, the temporal aggregation e …