Результаты поиска

[The reduction in maternal mortality in Chile, 1990-2000].

OBJECTIVE: To determine if Chile achieved the objective of reducing maternal mortality by 50% between 1990 and 2000, in line with the provisions of the Regional Plan of Action for the Reduction of Maternal Mortality in the Americas, which the governments of the Americas approved in 1990 at the 23rd Pan American Sanitary Conference. METHODS: A descriptive, observational study was designed, making it possible to analyze the trend in maternal mortality in Chile from 1990 through 2000. The variables that were evaluated were the maternal mortality ratio, the causes of death, and the age of the mot…

Seabird eggs as bioindicators of chemical contamination in Chile.

Seabird eggs were used as bioindicators of chemical contamination in Chile. Brown-hooded Gull (Larus maculipennis), Kelp Gull (Larus dominicanus), Trudeau's Tern (Sterna trudeaui), Neotropic Cormorant (Phalacrocorax brasilianus), and Pink-footed Shearwater (Puffinus creatopus) eggs were sampled at different breeding sites during the 1990s. Mercury and organochlorines (PCBs, DDT, HCB, HCH, and PCP) were quantified to reveal the interspecific differences, spatial and temporal trends in contamination levels. Trudeau's Tern displayed the highest levels of mercury (486 ng g(-1) wet weight). The hig…

[Current trends of the epidemiology of human trichinosis in Chile].

Surveillance of the epidemiology of human trichinosis in Chile has been maintained during the last 30 years by the Department of Parasitology. Incidence and prevalence have been followed-up by analysing Ministry of Health annual reports and periodical phototrichinoscopic examination of diaphragm samples from individuals autopsied at the Santiago Medico Legal Service. A decrease has been observed on: incidence from 1.4 per 100,000 in the 1960s to 0.7 in the 1980s down to 0.3 in 1993 and 1994 and to 0.5 in 1995, and prevalence from 3.4% to 2.8%, 2.0% and 0.8% in 1972, 1982, 1992 and 1997 respect…

Dental trauma in children and adolescents in Valparaiso, Chile.

This study analyzed traumatic injuries in the primary and permanent dentition in children treated from 1990 to 1992 at the Children's Dental Traumatology Service in Valparaiso, Chile. A total of 227 records from patients 2 to 21 years old was studied with regard to the cause of injury, location of injury, time elapsed before treatment, history of previous trauma, type of injury, number of injured teeth, and how patients seek treatment. A total of 73 patients had injuries to the primary dentition (pD) and 154 to the permanent dentition (PD) with a total of 357 injured teeth (115 primary, 242 pe…

Cell markers and acute leukaemia subtypes in Chile.

A panel of monoclonal antibodies were used to define acute myeloblastic leukaemia (AML) and acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (ALL) with its different subgroups. Thirty-three patients were studied in a period of one year. ALL was diagnosed in 80% of the children and 20% of the adults. AML was present in 22% of the children and 78% of adults. In children, only one of seven was common ALL, three of seven were T-ALL and three of seven were B-ALL. Five of 12 were unclassifiable (U-ALL). In adults the 4 ALL were U-ALL.

Декриграфическая эпидемиология болезни Крецфельдта-Якоба в Чили.

Описательные эпидемиологические данные представлены в ходе обследования 35 случаев заболевания Креуцфельдт-Якоб (КДС), которое имело место в Чили в период 1955-1977 годов. Средняя смертность в Чили (0,31 смерти на 1 млн. человек) и в городе Сантьяго (0,73 смерти на 1 млн. человек) сопоставляется с данными, полученными от других стран. Рост заболеваемости в последние годы, вероятно, связан с повышением уровня информированности об этой болезни. Описано семейное присутствие ДСС у девяти пациентов из пяти затронутых семей, и его анализ показывает, что генетически определенная подверженность с инку

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Descriptive epidemiological data are presented from a survey of 35 cases of Creutzfeldt-Jakob disease (CJD) that occurred in Chile in the period 1955 to 1977. The average mortality in Chile (0.31 deaths per 1 million) and in urban Santiago (0.73 deaths per 1 million) is compared with data reported from other countries. An increasing incidence in recent years…

25 years of an integrated vaccination program in Chile.

Various problems and subjects related to the long Chilean experience in vaccination programmes are reported. Emphasis is placed on proper administrative and planning steps in order to obtain the right epidemiological diagnosis, to develop the infrastructure of health, to support financially, to manage resources, to train personnel, to apply techniques and to evaluate periodically. The advantages of the integration of the programme in primary services are commented on. Epidemiological evaluation and surveillance are considered highly important in the successes obtained. The particular structure…

Neisseria meningitidis ST-11 clonal complex, Chile 2012.

Serogroup W Neisseria meningitidis was the main cause of invasive meningococcal disease in Chile during 2012. The case-fatality rate for this disease was higher than in previous years. Genotyping of meningococci isolated from case-patients identified the hypervirulent lineage W:P1.5,2:ST-11, which contained allele 22 of the fHbp gene.

[Characterization of human hydatidosis mortality: Chile, 2000-2010].

BACKGROUND: Hydatidosis as a worldwide zoonosis with a high socio-economic impact in Chile and other countries for which it is a notifiable human disease in our country. OBJECTIVE: To characterize death rates by hydatidosis and whether there are differences according to the region of residence. MATERIAL: A descriptive analysis using Data System Deaths (2000-2010) was performed. RESULTS: The total number of deaths was 293 (56% male). The mortality rate changed from 0.16 in 2000 to 0.11 in 2010 per 100.000 inhabitants. The main diagnosis corresponded to B67.9 (Echinococcosis, other and unspec…

[Scarlet fever epidemic during year 1929 in Chile].

Scarlet fever is endemic in Chile, with relatively low morbidity and periodic exacerbations every 4 or 5 years, which can become epidemics. From 1921 to 1927, the number of patients hospitalized in the country fluctuated from 15 to 65 per year, until an epidemic involving nearly 3.000 patients started at the end of 1928 and continued during all 1929. 978 patients died, 537 (52.5%) were from Santiago. Public Health authorities confronted this emergency with prevention, prophylaxis, isolation and treatment measures and 558 beds were disposed for patient hospitalization. Vaccination trials were u…

[Post-transfusion hepatitis iin Chile: the reference parameters].

Most cases of post-transfusion hepatitis correspond to infection by non-A non-B virus. Indirect test (ALT elevation, anti-HBc titers) have been used to detect the presence of this virus. We screened 692 blood donors and health personnel, measuring anti-HBc (n = 572), HBs antigen (340), and ALT serum levels (190). Positive results were obtained for anti-HBc in 1.7% and HBs in 0%. ALT levels were 25 +/- 12 u/l in males and 18 +/- 14 in females (p < 0.01). ALT levels above 45 u/l were found in 6% of subjects. ALT levels were not related to anti-HBc positiveness nor to alcohol intake. The possible

The Chile BiLS case-control study of gallbladder cancer.

BACKGROUND: Gallbladder cancer (GBC) is highly fatal and, unlike most cancers, is more common in women than in men. Most GBC cases have gallstones, but most people with gallstones do not develop GBC. Thus, a critical question is what drives the risk of GBC in the presence of gallstones. METHODS: We designed a case-control study to complement the Chile Biliary Longitudinal Study (Chile BiLS) cohort, enriching the number of GBC cases and enhancing our ability to evaluate risk factors for GBC. Starting in July 2022, we began to recruit non-cohort prevalent (diagnosed between January 1, 2016, and…

Pharmacological Microcontroversies and Civilizational Grammars Around ADHD in Chile.

This article examines pharmacological microcontroversies (PMC) surrounding attention deficit hyperactivity disorder (ADHD) in Chile, based on a comparative, multisited ethnography in four educational contexts with differing socioeconomic and territorial profiles. Drawing on science and technology studies, microcontroversies studies, and Norbert Elias's sociology of interdependence, the study conceptualizes ADHD as a situational configuration in which diagnosis and treatment emerge from interwoven relations among children, caregivers, educators, and health professionals. Data were collected thr…

Antisynthetase syndrome in Chile: Experience from a clinical cohort.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Antisynthetase syndrome (ASS) is an autoimmune disease characterised by the presence of autoantibodies against aminoacyl-tRNA synthetases and a variable spectrum of clinical manifestations. Its clinical expression appears to depend on the predominant antibody subtype. In Latin America, and particularly in Chile, published data on this condition remain scarce. The aim of this study was to describe and compare the clinical, immunological, and therapeutic characteristics of patients with ASS according to antibody subtype in a Chilean cohort. METHODS: An analytical cross…

[Roles within domestic environments in Chile: the "food gatekeeper"].

Introduction: this project studied the roles played in the food cycle within the domestic environment, revisiting the concept of the "food gatekeeper". Methods: information was obtained from 10 ethnographies and 24 in-depth interviews with people responsible for food tasks in low-income households in Santiago, Chile, during the pandemic. A thematic analysis was conducted from the framework of food environments and gender. Results: the results showed that the time allocated to the food cycle is highly unequal between genders and women are held responsible for the nutritional well-being of famil…