Результаты поиска

Anti-LINGO-1 antibody treatment alleviates cognitive deficits and promotes maturation of oligodendrocytes in the hippocampus of APP/PS1 mice.

Leucine-rich repeat and immunoglobulin-like domain-containing nogo receptor-interacting protein 1 (LINGO-1), a negative regulator of oligodendrocyte differentiation and myelination, is associated with cognitive function, and its expression is highly upregulated in Alzheimer's disease (AD) patients. Anti-LINGO-1 antibody treatment can effectively antagonize the negative regulatory effect of LINGO-1. In this study, we aim to assess the effect of anti-LINGO-1 antibody treatment on cognition and hippocampal oligodendrocytes in an AD transgenic animal model. First, 10-month-old male amyloid-β (Aβ)

Role of growth factors and their interplay during oligodendroglial differentiation and maturation.

Oligodendrocytes (OLs) facilitate the myelination within the central nervous system (CNS). Neuronal axons are originally devoid of myelin and acquire myelination during development. OLs are derived from oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) during development, and this ability to differentiate persists throughout maturity. The abnormal differentiation of oligodendrocytes leads to various neurological disorders and neurodegenerative diseases characterized by disruptions in myelin formation, which is crucial for proper nerve function. In order to develop suitable strategies for their treatments…

Expression and Developmental Regulation of a GABAA Receptor in Cultured Murine Cells of the Oligodendrocyte Lineage.

The inhibitory neurotransmitter GABA activated Cl- currents in oligodendrocytes and their precursor cells. Most of the pharmacological features of these GABA-evoked currents matched those described for the neuronal GABAA/benzodiazepine receptor complex, such as the blockade by picrotoxin and bicuculline and the enhancement by barbiturates and benzodiazepines. In contrast to the astrocytic GABA receptor, but similar to the neuronal GABAA receptor, the inverse benzodiazepine agonist DMCM decreased GABA-induced current responses. A further similarity to the neuronal receptor is the strong run-dow

Temporal variation of induction neurogenesis in a rat model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion.

OBJECTIVE: The adult brain is capable of neurogenesis after cerebral ischemia. We investigated the presence of new neural precursors after transient middle cerebral artery ischemia adult rats. METHODS: Transient middle cerebral artery ischemia was induced in adult Wistar rats (n=13) using the monofilament method. In the experimental group (n=8), animals were harvested at days 3, 7, 10, 17 and 21 after ischemia. Five animals served as controls. Sagittal sections through the ischemic cortex were double-stained for neural (nestin and beta-tubulin, nestin and PCNA), glial (nestin and GFAP) and ol

The adhesion G protein-coupled receptor GPR56 is a cell-autonomous regulator of oligodendrocyte development.

Mutations in GPR56, a member of the adhesion G protein-coupled receptor family, cause a human brain malformation called bilateral frontoparietal polymicrogyria (BFPP). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) of BFPP brains reveals myelination defects in addition to brain malformation. However, the cellular role of GPR56 in oligodendrocyte development remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate that loss of Gpr56 leads to hypomyelination of the central nervous system in mice. GPR56 levels are abundant throughout early stages of oligodendrocyte development, but are downregulated in myelinating oligodendrocyt

Optogenetic Stimulation of mPFC Alleviates White Matter Injury-Related Cognitive Decline after Chronic Ischemia through Adaptive Myelination.

White matter injury (WMI), which reflects myelin loss, contributes to cognitive decline or dementia caused by cerebral vascular diseases. Ho … tion of glutamatergic neurons in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC) promote the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in the corpus callosum, leading to improvements in myelin repair and working memory. Mechanistically, these neuromodulatory techniques exert a therapeutic effect by inducing the secretion of Wnt2 from activated neuronal axons, which acts on o …

IMR-1 ameliorates perinatal LPS-induced brain injury by promoting the conversion of glial cells into neurons.

This study aimed to examine the impact of blocking Notch1 signaling on brain injury induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) in rats. A “multiple … d oligodendrocytes, accompanied by an increase in glial cells, including astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells. Treatment with IMR-1 resulted in an increase in neuronal cells and oligodendrocytes while reducing the numbers of astrocytes, microglia, and oligodendrocyte precursor cells in the LPS model group. Primary isolation and characterization of glial cel …

Shared and Divergent Transcriptional Programs of Oligodendrocyte Differentiation Across Vertebrate Species Revealed by scRNA-seq Analysis.

A myelination is essential for neural function in the vertebrate central nervous system, yet the molecular details of how the oligodendrocyte differentiation program has evolved remain poorly understood. Here, we performed a cross-species single-cell transcriptomic analysis of oligodendrocyte lineage cells in the spinal cord of five vertebrate species: fugu, mudskipper, chicken, mouse, and human. Pseudotime trajectory analysis revealed a shared oligodendrocyte progenitor cell (OPC) to committed oligodendrocyte precursor (COP) to myelin-forming oligodendrocyte (MOL) differentiation trajectory a

Leucine-Rich Glioma Inactivated 1 Promotes Oligodendrocyte Differentiation and Myelination via TSC-mTOR Signaling.

Leucine-rich glioma inactivated 1 (Lgi1), a putative tumor suppressor, is tightly associated with autosomal dominant lateral temporal lobe e … ntenance is unknown. Here, we show that Lgi1 is necessary and sufficient for the differentiation of oligodendrocyte precursor cells and is also required for the maintenance of myelinated fibers. The hypomyelination in Lgi1-/- mice attributes to the inhibition of the biosynthesis of lipids and proteins in oligodendrocytes (OLs). Moreover, we found that Lgi1 deficiency leads to a …

Activation of CXCR7 receptor promotes oligodendroglial cell maturation.

OBJECTIVE: Differentiation of oligodendroglial precursor cells is crucial for central nervous system (re)myelination and is influenced by mu … We then demonstrated that CXCL12 stimulation promotes morphological maturation of cultured primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells as well as their myelin expression. Pharmacological inhibition of the CXCR7 receptor was shown to block CXCL12-dependent effects entirely. INTERPRETATION: Our findings suggest that a specific activation of the CXCR7 receptor could provide a means t …

Интраназальные адипозированные стволовые клетки смягчают демиэлирование в мышечном корпусе путем модуляции олигодендроцита и микроглиального маркера: гистологические и ультраструктурные наблюдения.

Сердечный каллосум подвержен многим дегенеративным расстройствам, таким как множественный склероз (MS), что приводит к нарушению связи между двумя полушариями мозга. В отличие от стволовых клеток другого происхождения эффективно получают мезенхимальные стволовые клетки (ADMSC). Интраназальный маршрут - это новый неинвазивный, легкодоступный путь для управления наркотиками. Оценить влияние внутриназального администрирования АДЦВ на демиелинизированный корпус в мышечной модели MS с учетом роли олигодендроцитов и микроглии. Чтобы создать модель обезвоживания, мышей кормили насыщенной кухней дието

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The corpus callosum is exposed to many degenerative disorders, such as multiple sclerosis (MS), which results in impaired communication betw … llosa were collected and subjected to hematoxylin and eosin (H&E), immunohistochemical staining for oligodendrocyte precursor cells and microglia, transmission electron microscopic examination, and histomorphometric studies. Intranasally administered ADMSCs ameliorated the histopathological features of cuprizone induced demyelination. ADMSCs prevented myelin loss, increased the …

Oligodendrocyte Development and Myelination in Neurodevelopment: Molecular Mechanisms in Health and Disease.

Oligodendrocytes are the myelinating cells of the central nervous system that constitute about 5 to 10% of the total glial population. These cells are responsible for myelin sheath production, which is essential not only for the rapid and efficient conduction of the electrical impulses along the axons, but also for preserving axonal integrity. Oligodendrocytes arise from oligodendrocyte progenitor cells that proliferate and differentiate just before and after birth, under a highly-regulated program. Both oligodendrocytes and their precursors are very susceptible to injury by several mechanisms

Plasticity in the adult human oligodendrocyte lineage.

Preoligodendrocytes have been described in cultures and tissue prints of adult human white matter (Armstrong et al., 1992). To characterize further these precursors of human oligodendrocytes, we have investigated whether they express genes playing a critical role in oligodendrocyte development. In the intact human brain, platelet-derived growth factor receptor alpha (PDGF alpha R) and myelin transcription factor 1 (MyTI) transcripts are expressed in 1-2% of cells of the oligodendrocyte lineage (OL), and clusters of such cells can be found in the periventricular region. Myelin basic protein tra

Single nucleus RNA sequencing reveals glial cell type-specific responses to ischemic stroke.

Reactive neuroglia critically shape the braińs response to ischemic stroke. However, their phenotypic heterogeneity impedes a holistic under … pes in our dataset. Specifically, we characterized and compared infarction restricted proliferating oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), mature oligodendrocytes and heterogeneous reactive astrocyte populations. Our analyses unveiled unexpected commonalities in the transcriptional response of oligodendrocyte lineage cells and astrocytes to ischemic injury. Moreover, OPCs and r …

SRF transcriptionally regulates the oligodendrocyte cytoskeleton during CNS myelination.

Myelination of neuronal axons is essential for nervous system development. Myelination requires dramatic cytoskeletal dynamics in oligodendr … for myelination during development. Combining ChIP-seq with RNA-seq identifies SRF-target genes in oligodendrocyte precursor cells and oligodendrocytes that include actin and other key cytoskeletal genes. Accordingly, SRF knockout oligodendrocytes exhibit dramatically reduced actin filament levels early in differentiation, consistent with its role in actin-dependent myelin shea …

Magnesium sulfate protects oligodendrocyte lineage cells in a rat cell-culture model of hypoxic-ischemic injury.

Hypoxic-ischemic (HI) brain injury in newborns results in serious damage. Magnesium sulfate has been clinically used as a cyto-protective agent against HI brain injury in newborns in some countries, including Japan. However, it is not clear how magnesium exerts this effect and how it acts on the individual types of cells within the newborn brain. In this study, we exposed cultured rat oligodendrocyte precursor cells to magnesium sulfate during the period when they differentiate into oligodendrocytes, and showed that magnesium-exposed oligodendrocytes exhibited more resistance to HI injury. Our…

Oligodendroglia and Myelin: Supporting the Connectome.

Oligodendroglia are the only cell lineage of the central nervous system (CNS) responsible for producing myelin. They originate from precursor cells known as oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs), which are born around the ventricular zones of the brain and spinal cord and migrate throughout the developing CNS, and many of them ultimately differentiate into mature myelinating oligodendrocytes. Recent research has shown that OPCs and oligodendrocytes possess distinct characteristics when compared either to other types of glial cells in the CNS or to each other. Under different physiological and…

Oligodendroglial Densities and Myelin Structure Are Altered in TDP-43 Related Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis.

Amyotrophic Lateral Sclerosis (ALS) is a fatal neurodegenerative disease characterized by the degeneration of motor neurons. However, the surrounding glia, including oligodendrocytes, also exhibit ALS pathology and TDP-43 related dysfunction. Given that oligodendrocytes, the myelinating cells of the central nervous system, are essential for motor neuron function, they may play an underappreciated role in ALS. Here, we have extensively characterized the oligodendrocyte lineage and myelin integrity in the TDP-43Q331K mouse model of ALS. In the lumbar spinal cord of end-stage male TDP-43Q331K mic

Oligodendrocyte-Targeted SGK1.1 Inhibition Alleviates White Matter Injury and Cognitive Impairment in Alzheimer's Disease via Modulation of HDAC2 Phosphorylation.

BACKGROUND: White matter (WM) abnormalities contribute to cognitive decline in Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the mechanisms underlying … ated Sgk1.1 knockdown was performed in 5 × FAD mice. Sgk1.1 overexpression was conducted in primary oligodendrocyte precursor cells (OPCs) in vitro. Phosphoproteomic profiling, co-immunoprecipitation, Phos-tag Western blot, and phospho-site mutagenesis were used to identify downstream mechanisms. A bilateral common carotid artery stenosis (BCAS) model was employed to assess broa …

The genetic signature of perineuronal oligodendrocytes reveals their unique phenotype.

Oligodendrocytes--best known for assembling central nervous system myelin--can be categorized as precursors, myelin-forming cells and non-myelinating perineuronal cells. Perineuronal oligodendrocytes have been well characterized morphologically and ultrastructurally, but knowledge about their function remains scanty. It has been proposed that perineuronal oligodendrocytes support neurons and, following injury, transform into myelin-synthesizing cells. Recent findings implicating perineuronal oligodendrocytes in cytoarchitectural abnormalities in the prefrontal cortex of schizophrenia and other