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Identification and molecular mechanism study of novel pancreatic lipase and cholesteryl esterase inhibitory peptides from yak whey protein hydrolysates.

This study aims to prepare, purify, and identify novel pancreatic lipase (PL) and cholesterol esterase (CE) inhibitory peptides from yak whey protein (YWHP), and to elucidate their underlying mechanisms of action. Results showed that bromelain effectively hydrolyzed YWHP into smaller peptide fragments. Ultrafiltration of yak whey protein hydrolysates (YWPHs) produced three fractions (>10 kDa, 3-10 kDa, and < 3 kDa). The <3 kDa fraction displayed PL and CE inhibitory activities of 36.34 ± 1.00% and 35.85 ± 0.65%, respectively. Fraction II obtained from Sephadex G-25 exhibited strong inhibition …

Purification and Identification of Angiotensin I-Converting Enzyme Inhibitory Peptides and the Antihypertensive Effect of Chlorella sorokiniana Protein Hydrolysates.

Hot water was used to obtain Chlorella sorokiniana hot water extract (HWE). Subsequently, this byproduct was freeze-dried, hydrolysed at 50 °C using Protease N to obtain C. sorokiniana protein hydrolysates (PN-1), and then digested with a gastrointestinal enzyme (PN-1G). The inhibitory effects of the HWE and hydrolysates against angiotensin I-converting enzyme (ACE) were investigated. The soluble protein and peptide contents were 379.9 and 179.7 mg/g, respectively, for HWE and 574.8 and 332.8 mg/g, respectively, for PN-1. The IC50 values of the HWE, PN-1, and PN-1G on ACE were 1.070, 0.035, an…

Maillard reaction of heme protein hydrolysate and xylose: A strategy for improving protein solubility, umami taste, and texture in plant-based patties.

The Maillard reaction generates key flavor compounds that enhance the palatability and overall quality of plant-based meats (PBMs). We utilized the Maillard reaction on heme protein hydrolysate (HH) to improve functionality and diversify flavor while maintaining its meat-like bloody taste. The optimized condition was an HH-xylose ratio of 2:1, heated for 6 h at 80 °C. Three samples were compared: HH, HH-xylose mixture (HHX), and HH-xylose Maillard reaction product (MHHX). MHHX exhibited higher grafting degree and browning intensity, along with stable structural modifications. MHHX improved pro

Growth, safety, and tolerance of a hydrolysed rice protein-based formula in infants with cow's milk allergy.

BACKGROUND: Cow's milk allergy (CMA) is the most common food allergy in infants, requiring the use of hypoallergenic formulas when breastfeeding is not possible. Hydrolysed rice formulas (HRF) are now positioned alongside extensively hydrolysed cow's milk protein formulas as first line (nutritional) management of CMA in both European and International guidelines. This descriptive single-arm, multicentre interventional study (NCT05618704) evaluated growth, safety, and tolerance of a new HRF in infants with CMA. METHODS: Infants ≤8 months with CMA, diagnosed by their clinicians according to the

Ultrasound-assisted enzymatic hydrolysis of ham processing by-products for taurine recovery and protein hydrolysate production.

Protein-rich by-products from ham processing, such as trimmings (HT) and processing brine isolate (HPBI) represent valuable amino acid sources. The effect of ultrasound (US)-assisted Alacalase hydrolysis at two amplitudes (50% and 100%) on taurine recovery and protein hydrolysate production from ham processing by-products was investigated. The degree of hydrolysis reached 39.6% for HT (50% US amplitude) and 8.72% for HPBI (100% US amplitude) post 3 h. Taurine yields were highest under 100% US amplitude alone, reaching 56 mg/100 g dry matter (D.M.) and 6.15 mg/100 g D.M. for HT and HPBI, respec

Flaxseed protein hydrolysate as a potential anti-obesity agent: Combined animal study and in silico investigation.

This study investigated the metabolic benefits of flaxseed protein hydrolysate (FPIH) in comparison with its parent protein, flaxseed protein isolate (FPI), and explored the underlying mechanisms using an integrated in vivo animal model and in silico approach. FPIH was produced via alcalase hydrolysis of FPI (final DH ∼ 21%), and both treatments were administered at 300 mg/kg body weight (BW) to Wistar rats fed a high-fat diet (HFD) for 10 weeks. FPIH showed an antioxidant potential higher than that of FPI and an inhibitory effect against pancreatic lipase in vitro (IC50 = 1.2 mg/mL). These fi

Sea cucumber protein hydrolysate restores the Th1/Th2 paradigm in cyclophosphamide-induced immunosuppressed mice.

INTRODUCTION: Immunocompetence reflects the immune system's capacity to mount effective responses against antigens. Cyclophosphamide (CYP), a chemotherapeutic and experimental immunosuppressive agent, disrupts T-helper (Th)1/Th2 balance and compromises immune organ integrity. Bioactive peptides derived from the sea cucumber Apostichopus japonicus, which is rich in type I collagen, have shown emerging immunomodulatory potential. METHODS: A collagenase-derived sea cucumber protein hydrolysate (SCPH) was prepared using Clostridium collagenase-I and characterized for amino acid composition and pe

Protective Effects of Misgurnus mizolepis Protein Hydrolysate against Atropine-Induced Dry Eye Disease.

Dry eye disease (DED) is a multifactorial ocular disorder characterized by tear film instability, inflammation, and ocular surface damage. Although various therapeutic approaches are available, there remains a strong need for safer and more effective agents with clearly defined mechanisms of action. This study examined the protective effects of Misgurnus mizolepis protein hydrolysate (MMH) in both in vitro and in vivo models of DED. In vitro, pretreatment of air-dried human corneal epithelial cells with MMH attenuated oxidative stress and apoptosis. In vivo, oral administration of MMH to rats

Increased protein intake in healthy males exposed to an appetite modulating, whey-derived peptide hydrolysate.

The identification of food-grade bioactives with proven orexigenic effects would mark significant progress in the treatment of disease-related malnutrition. To investigate the effects of two milk-derived hydrolysates (UL-2-141 (whey hydrolysate) and MF1145 (casein hydrolysate)) on appetite and energy intake in healthy humans, a single-blind, placebo-controlled, 3-arm cross-over feeding trial was conducted in 22 fasted, cannulated healthy male volunteers. Participants received 26 mg kg-1 of both hydrolysates and placebo and were observed from morning to afternoon with a set breakfast and ad lib

Лупин (Lupinus angustifolius) Протеин гидролизат уменьшает остроту экспериментального аутоиммунного энцефаломелита: предварительное исследование.

Множественный склероз (MS) — нейродегенеративное заболевание, основным источником которого является воспаление и окислительный стресс в центральной нервной системе. Существует много лекарств, которые уменьшают клинические признаки MS, но ни один из них не лечит болезнь. Было доказано, что пищевые белки содержат зашифрованные пептиды, которые могут высвобождаться после гидролиза и осуществлять многочисленные биологические виды деятельности. Недавно мы продемонстрировали антивоспалительные и антиоксидантные действия волчьего белка гидролизата (LPH) как in vitro, так и in vivo. Поэтому цель этого

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… Number and percentage of the lupin protein hydrolysate sequences that contain a described motif with the biological effect. Table 1 Peptide motifs content in the LPH sequences with biological activity. a 1-Letter amino acid code; LPH, lupin protein hydrolysate. … Pleiotropic biological effects of Lupinus spp. protein hydrolysates. Trends Food Sci. Technol. 2023;133:244–266. doi: 10.1016/j.tifs.2023.02.011. 16. …

Duodenal infusion of soy protein hydrolysate activates cAMP signaling and hypothalamic neurotransmitter synthesis in pigs.

Neurotransmitters in the brain are important for cognition and memory. As bioactive substrates, whether increased soy protein levels in pigs can promote hypothalamic neurotransmitter synthesis remains unclear. The effect of increased soy protein hydrolysate (SPH) levels in the small intestine of pigs on neurotransmitter precursor supply, hypothalamic neurotransmitter synthesis and underlying molecular processes was investigated by using sixteen pigs (35.2 ± 0.3 kg) infused either with SPH (70 g day-1) or sterile saline (control) twice daily for 15 days via a duodenal fistula. It demonstrated t

Stimulating effect of whey protein hydrolysate on bone growth in MC3T3-E1 cells and a rat model.

This study was conducted to investigate the effect of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on osteogenic cell differentiation and its growth-promoting effects in rats. Alkaline phosphatase (ALP) activity and calcium deposition were measured by treating MC3T3-E1 cells with WPH, and mRNA and protein levels of factors related to osteoblast differentiation were assessed. ALP activity and calcium deposition were significantly increased in the WPH group (p < 0.001). These findings were confirmed by the upregulation of ALP, bone morphogenic protein, bone sialoprotein, and collagen at the mRNA and protein l

Effects of whey protein hydrolysate on growth promotion and immunomodulation in mouse pups in artificial rearing system.

This study aimed to investigate the effects of whey protein hydrolysate (WPH) on the growth and immunity of mouse pups in artificial rearing (AR) system. Mouse pups were reared in the AR system with artificial milk including 5% WPH (AR with WPH) or not (AR without WPH), and the remaining pups were reared by their mother (dam) for 14 days after birth. The body weight change and body weight gain rates in the AR with WPH group were significantly higher than those observed in the AR without WPH group and similar to those in the dam group. Moreover the feed and protein efficiencies in the AR with W

Pressure ulcer healing with a concentrated, fortified, collagen protein hydrolysate supplement: a randomized controlled trial.

OBJECTIVE: To compare Pressure Ulcer Scale for Healing (PUSH) scores at 8 weeks in long-term-care residents with pressure ulcers who were given standard care plus a concentrated, fortified, collagen protein hydrolysate supplement vs. residents who were given standard care plus placebo. DESIGN: Randomized, prospective, controlled, multicenter trial at 23 long-term-care facilities in 4 states. SUBJECTS: A total of 89 residents with Stage II, III, or IV pressure ulcers were entered into the trial; 71 residents completed the study. INTERVENTION: Residents were randomized to receive standard car

Ultrasonic pretreatment-induced conformational alteration of large yellow croaker bone protein: enhanced osteogenic activity of enzymatic hydrolysates and molecular insights.

Ultrasound pretreatment is increasingly used to modulate protein conformation and facilitate the release of bioactive peptides for functional food applications. In this study, large yellow croaker (Larimichthys crocea) bone proteins were subjected to ultrasound pretreatment to investigate the relationship among ultrasound-induced protein conformational changes, enzymatic hydrolysis behavior, and the osteogenic activity of the resulting hydrolysates. Ultrasonic treatment at 300 W significantly altered protein conformation, increased the accessibility of neutral protease, and consequently enhanc

Characterization and Identification of Potential Antioxidant, Antidiabetic, and Antihypertensive Peptides From Hydrolysates of Tenebrio molitor Flour and Its Protein Concentrate.

Insects are recognized as a potential alternative source of proteins and have been studied in recent years as a substrate for enzymatic hydrolysis to obtain bioactive peptides. This study aimed to evaluate the production of hydrolysates with antioxidant, antidiabetic, and antihypertensive properties from mealworm (Tenebrio molitor) flour and its protein concentrate. The proteases flavourzyme, alcalase, and neutrase were used for hydrolysis, according to an experimental design of mixtures. The highest antioxidant properties for the mealworm flour were found in the control test, where the substr

Wheat Protein Hydrolysates Improving the Stability of Purple Sweet Potato Anthocyanins under Neutral pH after Commercial Sterilization at 121 °C.

Anthocyanins are prone to degradation and color fading after sterilization. This work examined the potential of wheat protein hydrolysates (WPHs, 40 g/L) in improving the stability of purple sweet potato anthocyanins (PSPAs) under a pH of 6.8 after sterilization at 121 °C followed by storage. Results showed that WPHs increased the thermal degradation half-life of PSPAs 1.65 times after sterilization. Compared to PSPAs alone, after being stored at 37 °C and 45 °C for 7 days, the retention concentration of PSPAs with WPHs was 5.4 and 32.2 times higher, and the color change of PSPAs with WPHs dec…

Exploration of corn distillers solubles from selective milling technology as a novel source of plant-based ACE inhibitory protein hydrolysates.

Plant-based protein concentrate (PC) was extracted from under-utilized corn distillers solubles comprising a distinctive heat-treated blend of corn and yeast proteins. Enzymolysis of PC with alcalase generated protein hydrolysate (PH) containing angiotensin converting enzyme (ACE) inhibitory peptides. A novel kinetic model is developed to elucidate enzymolysis kinetics of PC. The PH of greatest DH (∼25%) revealed maximum ACE inhibition (%). Fractionated PH (<3 kDa) had non-toxic and non-allergenic unique peptides encrypted with anti-ACE fragments. Promising bioactive peptides (PeptideRanker > 

Anti-ulcerogenic effect of a whey protein isolate and collagen hydrolysates against ethanol ulcerative lesions on oral administration to rats.

The effect of the administration of a whey protein isolate (WPI) and collagen hydrolysates on ethanol-induced ulcerative lesions was studied in rats. WPI and bovine or porcine collagen hydrolysate (BCH and PCH, respectively) were given to rats by gavage. In acute experiments, (single-dose) physiological saline (10 mL/kg of body weight) was used as the negative control, and carbenoxolone (200 mg/kg of body weight) was used as a positive control. Ethanol (1 mL per 250-g rat) was also given by gavage. These treatments reduced the ulcerative lesion index (ULI) in a range of 40-77%, depending on th