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Mental health needs assessment of off-reservation American Indian people in northern Arizona.

Native Americans For Community Action, Inc. (NACA) implemented a community-wide mental health needs assessment in Northern Arizona using bilingual interviewers recruited from the local community. A total of 235 people: 156 adults, 28 adolescents, and parents of 51 children were interviewed. File data from the NACA Family Health Center was also analyzed. Thirty-eight percent (38%) of adults reported problems with depression, 27% reported completed or attempted suicide among family members, 31% had problems with drugs or alcohol, and 25% reported problems with physical abuse. Sixty-five percent

A description of alcohol/drug use and family history of alcoholism among urban American Indians.

The patterns of alcohol consumption, family history of alcoholism, and lifetime and current diagnoses of substance dependence were determined in a sample of American Indians (n = 105) living in Denver. Subjects were recruited through flyers, posters, and advertisements placed in local newspapers, the Denver Indian Center, and Denver Indian Health and Family Services. Subjects were interviewed regarding their education, employment, past and present drug and alcohol use (including frequency/quantity, beverage type, and pattern of intake) and family history of alcoholism. The drug and alcohol sec

Characteristics of Indian youth and drug use.

The overall high rates of drug use found among Indian youth may be accounted for in part by lack of educational and employment opportunity and other endemic problems of Indian reservations. Individual drug involvement is most highly related to membership in drug-using peer clusters; but because of physical isolation, links between drug use and close friends are weaker for Indian youth, and family influence is felt more strongly. Anxiety, depression, and low self-esteem are not related to drug involvement, but angry youth are more likely to have drug-involved peers. Risk factors for Indian yout

Fetal alcohol syndrome prevention in American Indian communities of Michigan's upper peninsula.

Attitudes and knowledge about Fetal Alcohol Syndrome (FAS) were examined among American Indian communities of Michigan's Upper Peninsula. Indian health workers and community women were interviewed. Education about FAS was provided in each community. The results indicate that information on FAS is reaching many women in these communities and that traditional cultural patterns can support the development of a strong Indian women's health program. At the same time, more must be done in the near term to help those women who are at greatest risk.

Surveillance for Violent Deaths - National Violent Death Reporting System, 39 States, the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico, 2018.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: In 2018, approximately 68,000 persons died of violence-related injuries in the United States. This report summarizes data from CDC's National Violent Death Reporting System (NVDRS) on violent deaths that occurred in 39 states the District of Columbia, and Puerto Rico in 2018. Results are reported by sex, age group, race and ethnicity, method of injury, type of location where the injury occurred, circumstances of injury, and other selected characteristics. PERIOD COVERED: 2018. DESCRIPTION OF SYSTEM: NVDRS collects data regarding violent deaths obtained from death certifica

Interventions to improve cancer survivorship among Indigenous Peoples and communities: a systematic review with a narrative synthesis.

PurposeThe purpose of this systematic review is to synthesize the evidence on the types of interventions that have been utilized by Indigenous Peoples living with cancer, and report on their relevance to Indigenous communities and how they align with holistic wellness.MethodsA systematic review with narrative synthesis was conducted.ResultsThe search yielded 7995 unique records; 27 studies evaluating 20 interventions were included. The majority of studies were conducted in USA, with five in Australia and one in Peru. Study designs were cross-sectional (n=13); qualitative (n=5); mixed methods (

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… . • Native American and Alaska Natives •100% female | Non-experimental •Survey (post) | Moderate •Validity and reliability of data collection tools not reported. •Consistency of intervention not reported. … Disparities in cancer mortality and incidence among American Indians and Alaska natives in the United States. Am J Public Health. 2014;104(Suppl 3):S377–S387. doi: 10.2105/AJPH.2013.301673. 4. …

Strengths and opportunities to clinical trial enrollment among BIPOC, rural dwelling patients in the northwest United States: a retrospective study.

Introduction: Clinical trials investigating the safety and efficacy of experimental drugs and devices are the cornerstone of medicinal advancement. Enrolling sufficient participants in these trials is vital to ensure adequate statistical power and generalizability. Clinical trial participation is particularly low among certain populations, including medically underserved communities (i.e., rural areas) and Black, Indigenous, and People of Color (BIPOC). Methods: A retrospective study design was used to understand patient outcomes and access/barriers to clinical trial participation in the rural

Transarterial chemoembolisation combined with lenvatinib plus pembrolizumab versus dual placebo for unresectable, non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma (LEAP-012): a multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study.

BACKGROUND: Transarterial chemoembolisation (TACE) is standard care for unresectable, non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. We aimed to evaluate the addition of lenvatinib and pembrolizumab to TACE versus dual placebo plus TACE in patients with unresectable, non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma. METHODS: In this multicentre, randomised, double-blind, phase 3 study (LEAP-012), patients were recruited from 137 global sites in 33 countries or regions. Eligible patients were age 18 years or older with unresectable, non-metastatic hepatocellular carcinoma not amenable to curative treatment,

Research In Your Mailbox: Remote Blood Self-sampling Enables Participation of Underserved Populations in Longitudinal Studies.

IMPORTANCE: Remote sampling technologies are invaluable for protecting both participants and researchers when studying highly infectious diseases. When leveraged for longitudinal studies, remote sampling with transcriptomic readouts is a powerful tool for studying the host immune response. Additionally, remote study flexibility circumvents common barriers to research participation including length of commute, transportation, and scheduling, thereby expanding access to clinical research. OBJECTIVE: In this work, we investigate the effectiveness of a remote study model for reaching women from u

Clinical outcomes of chemotherapy in cancer patients with different ethnicities.

BackgroundChoosing the most effective chemotherapeutic agent with safest side effect profile is a common challenge in cancer treatment. Although there are standardized chemotherapy protocols in place, protocol changes made after extensive clinical trials demonstrate significant improvement in the efficacy and tolerability of certain drugs. The pharmacokinetics, pharmacodynamics, and tolerance of anti-cancer medications are all highly individualized. A driving force behind these differences lies within a person's genetic makeup.Recent findingsPharmacogenomics, the study of how an individual's g

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… Native A primary reason for loss of life in American Indian or Alaska Native individuals is cancer related. … American Indian/Alaska Native men are 30% more likely to develop stomach cancer compared to non‐Hispanic Caucasian men. 21 Additionally, American Indian and Alaska Natives display the highest incidence of colorectal cancer compared to other ethnic populations (ACS citation). …

Chemotherapy with or without pembrolizumab followed by maintenance pembrolizumab with or without olaparib as first-line treatment of patients with advanced BRCA non-mutated epithelial ovarian cancer (ENGOT-OV43/GOG-3036/KEYLYNK-001): a randomised, double-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial.

BACKGROUND: The PARP inhibitor olaparib is used for first-line maintenance of patients with BRCA-mutated advanced ovarian cancer. We aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of pembrolizumab plus chemotherapy followed by pembrolizumab plus olaparib maintenance with or without bevacizumab as first-line treatment for patients with advanced BRCA1/2 non-mutated epithelial ovarian cancer. METHODS: This randomised, double-blind, active-controlled, placebo-controlled, phase 3 trial was conducted at 224 gynaecological oncology centres in 22 countries. Eligible participants were aged 18 years or olde

Immunogenicity and safety of an 18-month booster dose of the VLA15 Lyme borreliosis vaccine candidate after primary immunisation in children, adolescents, and adults in the USA: a randomised, observer-blind, placebo-controlled, phase 2 trial.

BACKGROUND: Lyme borreliosis is the most common tick-borne disease in temperate climates of the northern hemisphere. Although in some cases Lyme borreliosis progresses to serious outcomes, no human vaccines are available for its prevention. A previous report showed positive immunogenicity and safety of VLA15, an investigational Lyme borreliosis vaccine based on Borrelia burgdorferi outer surface protein A (OspA), when administered as a 0-2-6-month or 0-6-month primary series to children, adolescents, and adults. Here, we report data from the same trial after receipt of an initial booster dose

Laboratory-Confirmed Influenza-Associated Hospitalizations Among Children and Adults - Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network, United States, 2010-2023.

PROBLEM/CONDITION: Seasonal influenza accounts for 9.3 million-41 million illnesses, 100,000-710,000 hospitalizations, and 4,900-51,000 deaths annually in the United States. Since 2003, the Influenza Hospitalization Surveillance Network (FluSurv-NET) has been conducting population-based surveillance for laboratory-confirmed influenza-associated hospitalizations in the United States, including weekly rate estimations and descriptions of clinical characteristics and outcomes for hospitalized patients. However, a comprehensive summary of trends in hospitalization rates and clinical data collected

Ten Americas: a systematic analysis of life expectancy disparities in the USA.

BACKGROUND: Nearly two decades ago, the Eight Americas study offered a novel lens for examining health inequities in the USA by partitioning the US population into eight groups based on geography, race, urbanicity, income per capita, and homicide rate. That study found gaps of 12·8 years for females and 15·4 years for males in life expectancy in 2001 across these eight groups. In this study, we aimed to update and expand the original Eight Americas study, examining trends in life expectancy from 2000 to 2021 for ten Americas (analogues to the original eight, plus two additional groups comprisi

Географическая связь множественного склероза и амиотропического бокового склероза.

Амиотрофический боковой склероз (ALS) и множественный склероз (MS) являются разрушительными, неизлечимыми нейродегенеративными заболеваниями, которые в значительной степени считаются неизвестными этиологами. Хотя эти болезни имеют некоторые сходства, они, как правило, не считаются тесно связанными между собой. У них разные патологические маркеры и разные прогнозы. Кроме того, MS (но не ALS) считается аутоиммунным заболеванием. Кроме того, уже давно отмечается, что НР имеет мощный градиент север-юг в своем распределении, в то время как лишь недавно стало известно о таком градиенте в БАС. Вместе

Навязчивое сексуальное поведение и изменения в одиночных сексуальных поступках во время пандемии COVID-19

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A new prediction model for overall survival of elderly patients with solitary bone plasmacytoma: A population-based study.

BackgroundComprehensive studies on the prognosis of solitary bone plasmacytoma (SPB) are lacking, especially in elderly patients with SPB. This study aims to establish a novel nomogram and risk stratification system to predict the overall survival (OS) of elderly patients with SPB.MethodsThe data of elderly patients with SPB from 2000 to 2017 were identified in the SEER database. SPB patients were randomly assigned to the training set (n = 825) and validation set (n = 354). The Cox regression analysis was used to determine the independent risk factors for OS in elderly SPB patients. The nomogr

Интеллектуальные расстройства и расстройства в развитии диагностируются в Калифорнии и неблагоприятно сказываются на материнском здоровье.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Женщины, страдающие умственными расстройствами и расстройствами в области развития, относятся к категории населения, результаты деятельности по охране материнского здоровья которого по-прежнему плохо задокументированы. Мы провели оценку связей между диагностикой ИПД у матерей в Калифорнии и неблагоприятными последствиями для матерей, а также проанализировали, способствуют ли эти отношения дородовые клинические характеристики. МЕТОДЫ: Это ретроспективное исследование групп населения охватывало все роды ≥22 Неделя беременности в Калифорнии между 2007 и 2021, с использовани

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… The ‘Other’ category was composed of Hawaiian or Pacific Islander, Native American or Alaska Natives, and self‐reported ‘other’ race. All covariates were collected from the birth certificate. … Other race category included American Indian/Alaska Native, Hawaiian/Pacific Islander, self‐reported “other” race group, two or more races, not stated/unknown. IDD subtypes are not mutually exclusive. …

Use of 15-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine and 20-Valent Pneumococcal Conjugate Vaccine Among U.S. Adults: Updated Recommendations of the Advisory Committee on Immunization Practices - United States, 2022.

In 2021, 20-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV) (PCV20) (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals LLC, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc.) and 15-valent PCV (PCV15) (Merck Sharp & Dohme Corp.) were licensed by the Food and Drug Administration for adults aged ≥18 years, based on studies that compared antibody responses to PCV20 and PCV15 with those to 13-valent PCV (PCV13) (Wyeth Pharmaceuticals LLC, a subsidiary of Pfizer Inc.). Antibody responses to two additional serotypes included in PCV15 were compared to corresponding responses after PCV13 vaccination, and antibody responses to seven additional serotypes i

Patient-Reported Adverse Events and Early Treatment Discontinuation Among Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

ImportanceThere is substantial interest in capturing cancer treatment tolerability from the patient's perspective using patient-reported outcomes (PROs).ObjectiveTo examine whether a PRO question, item 5 from the Functional Assessment of Cancer Therapy-General General Physical Wellbeing Scale (GP5), was associated with early treatment discontinuation (ETD) due to adverse events.Design, setting, and participantsThis prospective survey study was conducted from February to April 2023. Among participants in the ECOG-ACRIN E1A11 trial (a phase 3, parallel design trial conducted between 2013 and 201