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Pulmonary inflammation after intraperitoneal administration of ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO2) at rest or in lungs primed with lipopolysaccharide.

Nanoparticles are widely used in nanomedicines, including for targeted delivery of pharmacological, therapeutic, and diagnostic agents. Since nanoparticles might translocate across cellular barriers from the circulation into targeted organs, it is important to obtain information concerning the pathophysiologic effects of these particles through systemic migration. In the present study, acute pulmonary responses were examined after intraperitoneal (ip) administration of ultrafine titanium dioxide (TiO(2), 40 mg/kg) in mice at rest or in lungs primed with lipopolysaccharide (LPS, ip, 5 mg/kg). U

Ferritin functions as a proinflammatory cytokine via iron-independent protein kinase C zeta/nuclear factor kappaB-regulated signaling in rat hepatic stellate cells.

UNLABELLED: Circulating ferritin levels reflect body iron stores and are elevated with inflammation in chronic liver injury. H-ferritin exhi … p50/p65-NF-kappaB activation and markedly enhanced expression of hepatic proinflammatory mediators interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), regulated on activation normal T cell expressed and secreted (RANTES), inhibitor of kappa Balpha (IkappaBalpha), and intercellular adhesion molecule 1 (ICAM1). CONCLUSIONS: This study has defined …

Alleviative effects of s-allyl cysteine and s-ethyl cysteine on MCD diet-induced hepatotoxicity in mice.

Alleviative effects of s-allyl cysteine (SAC) and s-ethyl cysteine (SEC) upon methionine and choline deficient (MCD) diet-induced hepatotoxicity in mice were examined. SAC or SEC at 1g/L was added into drinking water for 7 weeks with MCD diet. MCD feeding significantly increased hepatic triglyceride and cholesterol levels, and elevated the activity of glucose-6-phosphate dehydrogenase (G6PDH), malic enzyme, fatty acid synthase (FAS) and 3-hydroxy-3-methylglutaryl coenzyme A reductase (P < 0.05). However, the intake of SAC or SEC significantly decreased hepatic triglyceride accumulation, and re

Cathelicidin-deficient (Cnlp -/- ) mice show increased susceptibility to Pseudomonas aeruginosa keratitis.

PURPOSE: To examine the clinical progression and innate immune responses during Pseudomonas aeruginosa (PA) keratitis in cathelicidin-deficient (KO) mice. METHODS: PA (ATCC 19660) keratitis was induced in KO mice and wild-type (WT) littermates generated on a 129/SVJ background. Clinical score and histopathology were used to monitor the progression of infection at postinfection (PI) days 1, 3, 7, 14, and 21. Mouse corneas were harvested for viable bacteria quantitation, and myeloperoxidase (MPO) assays were performed to determine the number of infiltrating neutrophils. ELISA was used to quanti

The effect of cardiovascular drugs on pro-inflammatory cytokine secretion and natural killer activity of peripheral blood mononuclear cells of patients with chronic heart failure in vitro.

Recent studies have shown that patients with heart failure over-express pro-inflammatory cytokines which enhance natural killer (NK) activity and negatively influence contractility and contribute to the remodeling of myocardium. The question is that how cardiovascular drugs influence on the cytokines of Peripheral Blood Mononuclear Cells (PBMCs) in Chronic Heart Failure (CHF). To study the effect of cardiovascular drugs on PBMCs-cytokines and NK activity of CHF patients. PBMCs of CHF patients/normal controls collected by Ficoll-paque density centrifugation. NK activity against K562 target cell

Isoflurane improves survival and protects against renal and hepatic injury in murine septic peritonitis.

We have demonstrated that volatile anesthetics reduce inflammation after renal ischemia/reperfusion injury in vivo. As hyperactive uncontrolled inflammation can lead to mortality and morbidity during early sepsis, we questioned whether the volatile anesthetic isoflurane could reduce mortality and protect against sepsis induced renal and hepatic dysfunction. Mice were anesthetized with isoflurane or with pentobarbital and subjected to cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) to induce septic peritonitis. Mice were anesthetized for an additional 3 h after CLP with either isoflurane or pentobarbital. Re

Высокие уровни воспалительных хемокинов и цитокинов в суставной жидкости и синовых тканях на протяжении всего периода антибиотического химического артрита.

ЦЕЛЬ: Изучение возможной роли химокинов и цитокинов в патогенезе артрита Лайма. МЕТОДЫ: С использованием цитометрического массива бусинов и методов цитометрии потока уровни хемокина и цитокина были определены в 65 образцах синовиальных жидкостей (SF) и 7 образцах синовиальных тканей (ST) 17 пациентов с антибиотическим реагирующим артритом Лайма и 35 пациентов с антибиотическим рефлектором артритом Лайма, которые были обнаружены за последние 18 лет. В образцах ST выражение хемокиновых рецепторов измерялось с использованием иммунохистохимии.РЕЗУЛЬТАТЫ: До или во время антибиотической терапии, ко

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
OBJECTIVE: To investigate the possible role of chemokines and cytokines in the pathogenesis of Lyme arthritis. METHODS: Using cytometric be … of CXCL9 and CXCL10 (both P<or=0.001) and CCL3, CCL4, CXCL8, IFNgamma, tumor necrosis factor alpha, interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta), and IL-6 (all P<or=0.01). During the post-antibiotic period, when the results of PCR for B burgdorferi DNA in SF and ST were uniformly negative, patients with antibiotic-refractory arthritis continued to exhibit high SF and ST levels of …

Novel effect of mineralocorticoid receptor antagonism to reduce proinflammatory cytokines and hypothalamic activation in rats with ischemia-induced heart failure.

Blocking brain mineralocorticoid receptors (MRs) reduces the high circulating levels of tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-alpha in heart failure (HF) rats. TNF-alpha and other proinflammatory cytokines activate neurons in the paraventricular nucleus (PVN) of hypothalamus, including corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons, by inducing cyclooxygenase (COX)-2 activity and synthesis of prostaglandin E2 by perivascular cells of the cerebral vasculature. We tested the hypothesis that systemic treatment with a MR antagonist would reduce hypothalamic COX-2 expression and PVN neuronal activation in HF

Effect of re-expansion after short-period lung collapse on pulmonary capillary permeability and pro-inflammatory cytokine gene expression in isolated rabbit lungs.

BACKGROUND: Re-expansion pulmonary oedema is a rare complication caused by rapid re-expansion of a chronically collapsed lung. Several cases of pulmonary oedema associated with one-lung ventilation (OLV) have been reported recently. Elevated levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in pulmonary oedema fluid are suggested to play important roles in its development. Activation of cytokines after re-expansion of collapsed lung during OLV has not been thoroughly investigated. Here we investigated the effects of re-expansion of the collapsed lung on pulmonary oedema formation and pro-inflammatory cytok

Allele 2 of interleukin-1 receptor antagonist gene increases the risk of thyroid peroxidase antibodies in subacute thyroiditis.

Subacute granulomatous thyroiditis (SAT) is a self-limiting systemic inflammatory disorder with possible transient expression of thyroid antibodies. Persistent hypothyroidism is uncommon. The interleukin-1 receptor antagonist IL-1ra is an inhibitor of IL-1 activity and allele 2 of the IL-1ra gene is associated with inflammatory diseases and IL-1ra production. Forty-eight subjects with SAT were investigated. Polymorphisms of IL-1ra, IL-1beta-511 and TNFalpha genes were studied with respect to thyroid peroxidase antibodies (TPOab), thyroglobulin antibodies, C-reactive protein (CRP) and erythrocy

High levels of interleukin-8, soluble CD4 and soluble CD8 in bullous pemphigoid blister fluid. The relationship between local cytokine production and lesional T-cell activities.

BACKGROUND: Bullous pemphigoid (BP) is an inflammatory subepidermal blistering disease associated with autoantibodies that recognize hemidesmosomal proteins. In addition to autoantibodies, the cell-mediated immune reaction is considered to play an important part in blister formation. Objectives To investigate some T-cell activation markers and inflammatory cytokines in the blister fluid and sera of patients with BP. METHODS: We measured soluble CD4 (sCD4) and soluble CD8 (sCD8), which have been, respectively, associated with CD4 and CD8 T-cell activation. Enzyme-linked immunosorbent assays we

Reduced secretion of proinflammatory cytokines of monosodium urate crystal-stimulated monocytes in chronic renal failure: an explanation for infrequent gout episodes in chronic renal failure patients?

BACKGROUND: In gouty arthritis, monosodium urate (MSU) crystals interact with monocytes and neutrophils to produce inflammatory reactions associated with acute synovitis. In patients with end-stage renal disease (ESRD), gouty arthritis is a rare condition despite often severe hyperuricaemia. We wondered whether differences in the secretion of proinflammatory cytokines by MSU crystal-stimulated monocytes might be one explanation for the low incidence of gouty arthritis in patients with ESRD compared with healthy controls. METHODS: Thirteen patients with ESRD on intermittent haemodialysis treat

Regulation by endogenous interleukin-1 of mRNA expression of healing-related factors in gastric ulcers in rats.

We investigated the role of endogenous interleukin (IL)-1 in the mRNA expression of cyclooxygenase (COX)-1, COX-2, inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS), cytokine-induced neutrophil chemoattractant (CINC)-1, epidermal growth factor (EGF), basic fibroblast growth factor (bFGF), hepatocyte growth factor (HGF), and transforming growth factor (TGF)-beta1 in acetic acid-induced gastric ulcers in rats. IL-1beta mRNA was not detected in the normal or intact mucosa of ulcerated stomachs, but its expression was induced in the ulcerated tissue. IL-1beta immunoreactivity was observed in macrophages/mono

Do endometriomas induce an inflammatory reaction in nearby follicles?

STUDY QUESTION: Do endometriomas induce an inflammatory reaction with increased cytokine concentrations in nearby follicles and thereby affect follicular development during controlled ovarian stimulation for in vitro fertilization (IVF)? SUMMARY ANSWER: With most endometriomas, there is no evidence of increased cytokine concentrations in the ipsilateral leading follicle. Infrequently, the concentration of inflammatory cytokines is increased in the follicular fluid (FF) and associated with diminished ovarian response. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: The link between peritoneal endometriosis, inflammat

Hyperandrogenaemia and Systemic Low-Grade Inflammation in Normogonadotropic Anovulation: A Prospective Cohort Study.

PURPOSE: To investigate whether clinical and biochemical profiles, including inflammatory mediators, differ between hyperandrogenemia and no … ovulatory women. Their correlations with interleukin-6 (IL-6), tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α), interleukin-1beta (IL-1β), interleukin-10 (IL-10), and C-reactive protein (CRP) concentrations - potentially involved in ovulatory mechanisms - were assessed. RESULTS: The study groups did not differ significantly in terms of selected clinical, inflammatory, and met …

Mechanisms of bone lesions in multiple myeloma and lymphoma.

BACKGROUND: Bone lesions and hypercalcemia occur rarely in patients with hematologic malignancies, except those patients with multiple myeloma and adult T-cell leukemia/lymphoma (ATL) associated with the human T-cell leukemia/lymphoma virus-1 (HTLV-1) virus. The primary mechanism for bone destruction in patients with myeloma and lymphoma is increased osteoclastic bone resorption. In patients with multiple myeloma, new bone formation is also inhibited. Mediators including lymphotoxin, interleukin-1beta, parathyroid hormone related protein (PTHrP), and interleukin-6, produced by the myeloma cell…

[The role of Treg/Thl7 and calprotectin in ulcerative colitis rat model].

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the roles of helper T cells (Th), regulatory T cells (Treg) and calprotectin in the pathogenesis of ulcerative colitis (UC) in the rat model. METHODS: Thirty rats were randomly divided into normal control (NC) group and UC model (UC) group. The rats of UC group were replicated using the mixed solution of 2, 4,6 trinitrobenzene sulfonic acid (TNBS) / ethanol through the intestinal tract. The rats of NC group were given NaCI solution enema. Three weeks after UC modeling, the morphology changes of colon tissue were observed. The serum levels interleukin (IL)-1β, IL-10,

Markers of experimental acute inflammation in the Wistar Han rat with particular reference to haptoglobin and C-reactive protein.

C-reactive protein (CRP), haptoglobin (Hp) and fibrinogen (Fbgn) are acute phase reactants (APRs), the blood levels of which increase during … 40 h post-dosing to 221 and 187% of control, respectively. Increased serum interleukin-6 (IL-6) and interleukin-1beta (IL-1beta) levels peaked at 20 h (11-fold) and 25 h (19-fold), respectively. In a 21-day time-course study, no increased CRP levels were measured despite elevated levels of Hp, which peaked at 36 h (approximately 7-fold above control), and remained …

Monosodium L-glutamate affects orthodontic outcomes by inhibiting hypothalamic-pituitary-gonadal axis function.

BACKGROUND: Orthodontic treatment involves complex bone remodeling, with the Osteoprotegerin (OPG)/Receptor Activator of nuclear factor Kapp … e 56th and 84th days, hormone levels and inflammatory cytokine expression, including interleukin-6, interleukin-1beta and tumor necrosis factor alpha, was assessed. The OPG/RANKL ratio, osteoclast counts and bone structure were also measured. RESULTS: MSG significantly reduced sex hormone levels (GnRH, FSH, LH, estradiol and testosterone), increased osteoclast num …

Alcoholic liver disease in rats fed ethanol as part of oral or intragastric low-carbohydrate liquid diets.

The intragastric administration of ethanol as part of a low-carbohydrate diet results in alcohol hepatotoxicity. We aimed to investigate whether comparable liver injury can be achieved by oral diet intake. Male Sprague-Dawley rats were fed ethanol as part of low-carbohydrate diets for 36-42 days either intragastrically or orally. Liver pathology, blood ethanol concentration, serum alanine amino transferase (ALT), endotoxin level, hepatic CYP2E1 induction, and cytokine profiles were assessed. Both oral and intragastric low-carbohydrate ethanol diets resulted in marked steatosis with additional