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Hydropower development, resettlement, and urban water security: Evidence from Brazil's Belo Monte Dam.

Millions of people are resettled each year when dam construction floods their homes and land. Dam building and its associated resettlement may impact water security by altering access to drinking water and sanitation, disrupting aquatic ecosystems, shifting local economies, and undermining the ability to use rivers for income, navigation, and cultural practices. This paper explores how dam-induced-displacement and resettlement in the Brazilian Amazon shaped women's experiences of water (in)security along four dimensions: Access, Safety, Livelihoods, and Culture. We conducted in-depth interview…

Integrated Feedforward and Feedback Mechanisms in Neurovascular Coupling.

Neurovascular coupling (NVC) is the mechanism that drives the neurovascular response to neural activation, and NVC dysfunction has been implicated in various neurologic diseases. NVC is driven by (1) nonmetabolic feedforward mechanisms that are mediated by various signaling pathways and (2) metabolic feedback mechanisms that involve metabolic factors. However, the interplay between these feedback and feedforward mechanisms remains unresolved. We propose that feedforward mechanisms normally drive a swift, neural activation-induced regional cerebral blood flow (rCBF) overshoot, which floods the …

Organic fertilization integrated with water management to remediate As and Cd contamination in a paddy soil.

Soil heavy metal pollution is the main risk for sustainable agriculture, especially the combination of As and Cd pollution in paddy fields which may lead to the superimposed accumulation in rice. There is an urgent need for environmental-friendly and cost-effective strategies to remediate the contamination of As and Cd in soils. In this work, a pot culture experiment was conducted in a As and Cd polluted paddy soil to explore the effects of organic fertilization (OF) and two water managements (continuous flooding, CF; intermittent irrigation, II) on the fractionation of As and Cd in soil, and

Extreme climatic events and human biology and health: A primer and opportunities for future research.

Extreme climatic events are increasing in frequency, leading to hotter temperatures, flooding, droughts, severe storms, and rising oceans. This special issue brings together a collection of seven articles that describe the impacts of extreme climatic events on a diverse set of human biology and health outcomes. The first two articles cover extreme temperatures extending from extreme heat to cold and changes in winter weather and the respective implications for adverse health events, human environmental limits, well-being, and human adaptability. Next, two articles cover the effects of exposure

Distinct arsenic uptake feature in rice reveals the importance of N fertilization strategies.

The environmental behavior of arsenic (As) is commonly affected by the biogeochemical processes of iron (Fe) and nitrogen (N). In this study, field experiments were conducted to explore As uptake in rice and As translation and distribution in As-contaminated iron-rich paddy soils after applying different forms of N fertilizers, including urea (CO(NH2)2), ammonium bicarbonate (NH4HCO3), nitrate of potash (KNO3), and ammonium bicarbonate + nitrate of potash (NH4HCO3 + KNO3). The results indicated that applying nitrate N fertilizer inhibited the reduction and dissolution of As-bearing iron minera

MULTIMODAL IMAGING OF MULTIFOCAL CHOROIDITIS WITH ADAPTIVE OPTICS OPHTHALMOSCOPY.

PURPOSE: To describe longitudinal, anatomical, and functional alterations caused by inflammatory and neovascular lesions of idiopathic multifocal choroiditis/punctate inner choroidopathy using adaptive optics imaging and microperimetry. METHODS: Longitudinal case study using multiple imaging modalities, including spectral-domain optical coherence tomography, fluorescein angiography, indocyanine green angiography, optical coherence tomography angiography, flood illumination adaptive optics, and microperimetry. RESULTS: A 21-year-old myopic Asian man presented with blurred vision in the right

Risk assessment of bioavailable heavy metals in the water and sediments in the Yongding New River, North China.

To explore the pollution status of heavy metals and potential risks in the Yongding New River of Tianjin, China, a comparative study of concentrations of heavy metals (Cd, Cr, Cu, Pb, Zn, As, and Hg) in surface sediments from submerged areas (SA), fluctuant flooded district (FFD), and non-flooded district (NFD) was conducted. In the present study, a modified three-stage European Community Bureau of Reference sequential extraction procedure and EDTA-Na2 single extraction were used to determine the heavy metal distribution in different sediment samples. Results showed that Cd was the metal with

Межсекторальное сотрудничество, формирующее < < Единое здравоохранение > > в политической повестке дня: сравнительный анализ Ганы и Индии.

Межсекторальное сотрудничество является неотъемлемым компонентом профилактики заболеваний и борьбы с ними в рамках комплексной системы здравоохранения. С одной стороны, организация < < Единое здоровье > > (ОЗ) содействует налаживанию межсекторального сотрудничества в целях профилактики на стыке между здоровьем человека и окружающей средой. С другой стороны, практическая реализация ОЗ может быть обеспечена только на основе межсекторального сотрудничества. Эта работа способствует расширению знаний о процессе практической реализации ОЗ путем анализа структур управления, лежащих в осно

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Intersectoral collaborations are an integral component of the prevention and control of diseases in a complex health system. On the one hand … the control and response to rabies and avian influenza under "classical OH", and the management of floods and droughts for insights into "extended OH". Data from Ghana and India were collected and compared to identify the key elements that enable ISC for OH. Despite the case studies being heterogeneous in terms of their geographic, economic, social, cul …

Numerical modelling of the suspended particulate matter dynamics in a regulated river network.

Understanding and predicting the propagation, deposition and resuspension of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in river networks is importa … pplied to the May-June 2008 flood in the Lower Rhône River, France. This event was a combination of floods of the Isère (including dam flushing operations in the Lower Isère River) and Durance tributaries over a two-week period. The simulation code was used to model the SPM fluxes at a high spatial and temporal resolution using a multi-class approach. Ap …

Transbronchial Invasion and Proliferation of Leptospira interrogans in Lung without Inflammatory Cell Infiltration in a Hamster Model.

Leptospirosis caused by pathogenic Leptospira is one of the most common zoonoses in the world. It is believed that humans become infected wi … caused by transbronchial infection from inhaling infectious aerosols containing leptospires during floods. Leptospira was also confirmed to be a unique pathogen that invades through the bronchus, proliferates in the collagen-rich lung stroma, and spreads through the alveolar interstitium throughout the lung without causing pneumonia.

A multi-technique approach for evaluating sand dynamics in a complex engineered piedmont river system.

A multi-technique approach is proposed to study sand dynamics in an engineered piedmont river. Only a few studies focused on such systems an … n at the confluence. The sand deposit was eventually evacuated from the confluence during the small floods occurring after the flushing event with a minimum discharge of approximately 500 m3/s in the Isère River and 1000 m3/s in the headrace canal of the Rhône River. The presented methodology can be transferred to other sites with similar issues.

[First report on Leptospira interrogans in the sigmodontine rodent Scapteromys aquaticusPrimeiro relato da presença de Leptospira interrogans em roedores sigmodontíneos Scapteromys aquaticus].

Leptospirosis is a globally distributed zoonosis that can be transmitted through direct or indirect contact with the urine or tissues of infected animals. In Argentina, leptospirosis is endemic in the province of Santa Fe and epidemic outbreaks occur during floods. However, very little is known about the role that wild rodents play in the spread of the disease in Argentina. The objective of this study was to identify the host species of pathogenic Leptospira among rodents in a riverine settlement in the province of Santa Fe.We conducted a trapping session in October 2015. Kidneys of the captur…

Suspended particulate mercury associated with tidal fluxes in a lagoon environment impacted by cinnabar mining activity (northern Adriatic Sea).

The Isonzo River has been demonstrated to be a continuing point source of mercury (Hg) in the Gulf of Trieste although the Idrija mine was last active in 1996. The present study aims to investigate the role of the suspended particulate matter (SPM) associated with tidal fluxes to disperse particulate Hg (PHg) into the Grado coastal lagoon system. PHg concentrations (avg. 3.11±2.62μg/g, d.w.), notwithstanding the ebb or flood tides, were significantly higher than the local sediment background (0.13μg/g). The relative affinity of Hg for the particulate phase in surface waters was confirmed by hi

[Traumatic response experiences: one year after Typhoon Morakot].

BACKGROUND: Disaster-related mental health problems have been a focus of recent international scholarly interest. Typhoon Morakot caused exceptional destruction in Southern Taiwan, and victims suffered physically, psychologically and financially in its aftermath. PURPOSE: This study investigates the post-traumatic response and coping behaviors of victims one year after Typhoon Morakot. METHODS: Researchers used a phenomenological method with purposive sampling and interviewed 10 Typhoon Morakot victims. Data were collected using deep, semi-structured interviews. All interview sessions were t

High vascular pressure-induced lung injury requires P450 epoxygenase-dependent activation of TRPV4.

High vascular pressure targets the lung septal network, causing acute lung injury. While calcium entry in septal endothelium has been implicated, the channel involved is not known. This study tested the hypothesis that the vanilloid transient receptor potential channel, TRPV4, is a critical participant in the permeability response to high vascular pressure. Isolated lungs from TRPV4(+/+) or TRPV4(-/-) mice were studied at baseline or during high pressure challenge. Permeability was assessed via the filtration coefficient. Endothelial calcium transients were assessed using epifluorescence micro

Assessment of microbiological water quality and its relation to human health in Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip.

OBJECTIVE: To assess the contamination level of total and faecal coliforms in water wells and distribution networks, and their association with human health in Gaza Governorate, Gaza Strip. METHODS: Data were obtained from the Palestinian Ministry of Health on contamination of total and faecal coliforms in water wells and distribution networks, and on the incidence of water-related diseases in Gaza Governorate. An interview questionnaire was conducted with 150 residents of Gaza. RESULTS: The contamination level of total and faecal coliforms exceeded that of the World Health Organization (WHO

Medicaid outpatient utilization for waterborne pathogenic illness following Hurricane Floyd.

OBJECTIVES: Flooding provides an opportunity for epidemics of waterborne viral, protozoan, or bacterial diseases to develop in affected areas. Epidemic levels of disease may translate into higher than average levels of health services use, depending in part on help-seeking behaviors. The authors investigated whether the flooding that occurred as a result of Hurricane Floyd in September 1999 was associated with an increase in outpatient visits for waterborne diseases among Medicaid enrollees in eastern North Carolina. METHODS: Using a difference-in-differences estimation technique, the authors

Soft tissue infections during a climate emergency: Impact of the october 2024 cut-off low (DANA) event in Valencia.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study is to provide an epidemiological description of soft tissue infections caused by traumatic injuries treated at a tertiary hospital in Valencia during the floods resulting from the cut-off low (depresión aislada en niveles altos [DANA]) that occurred in October 2024. The study also addresses the therapeutic approach and associated complications. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We conducted a retrospective, single-center, descriptive study evaluating musculoskeletal soft tissue infections in patients with an emergency department diagnosis of "DANA-related injury…

Three Gorges Dam: Impact of Water Level Changes on the Density of Schistosome-Transmitting Snail Oncomelania hupensis in Dongting Lake Area, China.

BACKGROUND: Schistosomiasis remains an important public health issue in China and worldwide. Oncomelania hupensis is the unique intermediate host of schistosoma japonicum, and its change influences the distribution of S. japonica. The Three Gorges Dam (TGD) has substantially changed the ecology and environment in the Dongting Lake region. This study investigated the impact of water level and elevation on the survival and habitat of the snails. METHODS: Data were collected for 16 bottomlands around 4 hydrological stations, which included water, density of living snails (form the Anxiang Statio

The effect of two extreme climate events on coastal meiofaunal communities and ecosystem health.

Two consecutive extreme storms, "Daniel" (4-8 September 2023) and "Elias" (25-28 September 2023), struck the region of Thessaly resulting in flash floods, with Pagasitikos gulf being the main recipient. Eight sites were selected based on the degree of intensity of disturbance, with sample collection taking place immediately, 6 months and a year following the events. The first 2 cm of sediment were analyzed in terms of meiofauna, nematodes and sediment characteristics. Physical (temperature, salinity) and chemical (pH, dissolved oxygen, redox potential, nutrients) water quality parameters were,…