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The epididymal transcriptome and proteome provide some insights into new epididymal regulations.

Once shed from their fostering Sertoli cells, spermatozoa leave the testis and are transported passively by seminiferous fluid through the rete testis. Then, these immature cells enter the complex efferent duct system that is joined to the unique and convoluted epididymal duct. This epididymal duct, lined by a continuous layer of epithelial cells joined by tight junctions, is a tube several meters long (up to 60 m in domestic mammals) and forms an organ that is classically subdivided into 3 major anatomical regions: the head/caput, the corpus/body, and the tail/cauda. Spermatozoa travel throug

Metabolic liver disease of obesity and role of adipose tissue in the pathogenesis of nonalcoholic fatty liver disease.

Nonalcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) is an increasingly recognized cause of liver-related morbidity and mortality. It can develop second … mation. This disturbs the normal storage and endocrine functions of adipose tissue. In obesity, the secretome (adipokines, cytokines, free fatty acids and other lipid moieties) of fatty tissue is amplified, which through its autocrine, paracrine actions in fat tissue and systemic effects especially in the liver leads to an altered metabolic state with insul …

Monosodium urate induces macrophage M1 polarization and endothelial apoptosis via the HIF1A-glycolysis axis.

BACKGROUND: Monosodium urate (MSU) crystal deposition causes gout, which causes inflammation mediated by macrophages. HIF1A regulates inflam … ward an M1 phenotype through HIF1A-dependent glycolytic reprogramming, and the resulting macrophage secretome promotes endothelial inflammation. Targeting HIF1A-mediated metabolic pathways may provide therapeutic strategies for gout-associated vascular complications.

Fibronectin-guided immune-stromal cell crosstalk promotes angiogenesis in pulp-dentin complex regeneration.

Macrophages are multifunctional immune cells that play crucial roles in immune regulation and tissue regeneration by interacting with variou … d macrophage-driven angiogenic signalling in the endothelial cell population. Moreover, the altered secretome resulting from the macrophage-DPSC co-culture significantly enhanced in vitro endothelial tube formation and survival, indicating a strong angiogenic potential conducive to tissue regeneration. In a preclinical pulp revascularization model, the appl …

Cancer-associated fibroblast heterogeneity across solid and haematological malignancies: Lessons from colorectal cancer and multiple myeloma.

Although substantial advances have been made in cancer immunotherapy, the immunosuppressive tumour microenvironment (TME) continues to pose … pproaches are shifting from non-selective stromal depletion toward normalising phenotypes, blocking secretome factors and disrupting metabolic interactions. The integration of spatial multi-omics and artificial intelligence provides a framework for mapping these functional landscapes. In conclusion, harnessing CAF heterogeneity in multimodal combination the …

PFAS exposure modulates mitochondrial susceptibility in steatotic hepatocytes.

Per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are highly persistent environmental pollutants that bioaccumulate in living organisms and are inc … e, remain limited. Here, we analyzed mitochondria-enriched cellular fractions and the extracellular secretome from human HepaRG hepatocytes exposed to a PFAS mixture under both steatotic and non-steatotic conditions by using liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS). The PFAS mixture composition and concentrations reflecte …

Therapeutic Advances in Corneal Scar Management: Topical Treatments, Mesenchymal Cell Therapy, and Stromal Transplantation.

PURPOSE: To provide a comprehensive overview of the current and emerging therapeutic strategies for corneal scarring, focusing on various to … was placed on topical anti-inflammatory and antifibrotic therapies, cell-based therapies and their secretome and extracellular vesicles, advances in biomaterials, hydrogels, and 3-dimensional bioprinting for stromal reconstruction. RESULTS: Corneal scarring results from dysregulated wound healing, characterized by myofibroblast differentiation and disorga …

Immunometabolic Profiling of T Cells and Innate Lymphoid Cells Uncovers Therapeutic Targets to Enhance Immunotherapy in Head and Neck Cancer.

Immunometabolic reprogramming governs antitumor immunity, yet its role in checkpoint blockade responses remains poorly defined. Using functi … OR-pathway genes only under combination treatment, consistent with a shift in metabolic regulation. Secretome profiling confirmed the functional translation of this reprogramming, with combination treatment significantly increasing soluble CD27 secretion in CD39-high TILs-indicating enhanced activation in terminally exhausted populations. ILC profiling iden …

Mesenchymal Stem Cells From a Klinefelter Syndrome Patient: Functional Characterization and Therapeutic Implications.

BACKGROUND: Cell therapy, particularly those utilizing mesenchymal stem/stromal cells (MSCs), is gaining traction as a therapeutic option fo … ssion of pluripotency, tumor suppressor, and senescence-associated markers, tumorigenicity in vivo, secretome profiling, neuroprotective properties, and endothelial differentiation potential of cells cultured under 21% O2 and 5% of O2. RESULTS: Our findings demonstrate that WJ-MSCs_KS exhibit functional, therapeutic and safety profiles that align with resu …

Musculoskeletal ultrasound-guided cellular therapy: Current applications and future directions in skeletal muscle regeneration.

Skeletal muscle exhibits robust intrinsic regeneration after acute injury, yet severe, chronic, or age-related damage commonly culminates in … platforms (mesenchymal stromal cells, satellite cells, iPSC-derived myogenic progenitors, exosomes, secretome, and biomaterial scaffolds) that act primarily through paracrine, immunomodulatory, and differentiative mechanisms, while acknowledging persistent translational barriers of low engraftment, immunogenicity, and scalability. Musculoskeletal ultrasound …

Tissue Damage in Rheumatoid Arthritis Is Genetically Linked to Low Peptidylglycine Alpha-Amidating Monooxygenase Activity in Synovial Fibroblasts.

OBJECTIVE: Both susceptibility to, and severity of, rheumatoid arthritis (RA) is associated with the rs26232 C allele. Our primary aim was t … and effects on RA synovial fibroblasts (RASFs) characteristics in vitro were assayed. The amidated secretome of synovial fibroblasts were characterized by mass spectrometry and enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay. Effects of amidated peptides on macrophage polarity were determined using an RASF-macrophage coculture module. RESULTS: rs26232 C is associated w …

Brain irradiation drives remote liver changes via senescence-independent mechanisms.

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Although radiotherapy is essential for treating brain tumors, it often damages surrounding healthy brain tissue, causing long-term neurocognitive dysfunction. Cellular senescence, a stable state of cell cycle arrest triggered by various stressors including radiation-induced DNA damage, has been implicated in aging- and neurodegeneration-associated cognitive decline via its pro-inflammatory secretome and has been reported to exert paracrine effects on distant organs. However, whether brain irradiation, particularly through the induction of cellular senescence, can trigge…

Pulsed Electromagnetic Fields Modulate Inflammatory and Tenogenic Responses in Human Tenocytes: Insights from Acute and Prolonged Inflammation Models.

Tendinopathy is a prevalent musculoskeletal condition characterised by chronic inflammatory and degenerative changes. Pulsed electromagnetic … RNA overexpression in the acute low-dose model and CCL2 upregulation in the prolonged model. At the secretome level, PEMFs reduced GM-CSF and IL-8 secretion in the acute high-dose model, and suppressed CCL2 and CCL5 protein secretion in the prolonged model. MMP activity was not modulated by PEMFs in any condition. PEMFs consistently increased tenocyte proli …

Serological and biochemical characterization of Aspergillus fumigatus Asp f 10 as a potential diagnostic marker in ABPA and related respiratory diseases.

BACKGROUND: Aspergillus fumigatus is a major cause of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA), yet diagnosis remains challenging due to overlap with other atopic conditions. Asp f 10, a secreted aspartic protease, is listed as an allergen but remains poorly characterized in terms of biochemical properties and diagnostic relevance. METHODS: We profiled the A. fumigatus secretome under host-mimicking conditions to identify IgG-reactive proteins, followed by cloning and recombinant expression of full-length and mature Asp f 10. Biochemical stability, enzymatic activity, and serological re…

Миэлоидно-подавительские клетки в карциноме ларингеальных клеток: недостаточно изученная иммунодепрессивная ось и стратегическая цель преодоления ингибиторного сопротивления на контрольно-пропускных пунктах.

Углубленные клеточные карциномы (LSCC) указывают на неизменно низкий коэффициент объективной реакции на ингибиторы на контрольно-пропускных пунктах (ИКИ) в отношении запрограммированных death-1 (В тыс.PD-1Путь. Его иммуновосприимчивая опухоль (TME), обогащенная макрофагами, связанными с опухолью, иммунодепрессивными опухолью, связанными с нейтрофилами (TANs), и регуляционными Т клетками, является основным фактором отказа ICI. Пока что one Миелоидное население, имеющее центральное значение для сопротивления ИКИ во многих случаях, не получает особого внимания в связи с этим заболеванием. Миелиои

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Laryngeal squamous cell carcinoma (LSCC) shows a persistently low objective response rate to immune checkpoint inhibitors (ICIs) targeting t … ce support MDSCs as a clinically tractable immunosuppressive node in LSCC. These are the LSCC tumor secretome, the shared transcriptional landscape of polymorphonuclear MDSCs (PMN-MDSCs) and immunosuppressive TANs, and the clinical validation of circulating LOX-1+ PMN-MDSCs as predictors of ICI resistance in head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). Dr …

Advancing prostate cancer research: an exploration of periprostatic adipose stem cells.

Prostate cancer (PCa) is the most prevalent cancer among men, highlighting the urgent need for innovative treatment strategies. The peripros … h studies reporting both inhibitory and promoting effects on cancer progression. The adipose tissue secretome, including PPAT-ASC exosomal proteins, mediates communication between PPAT and PCa cells, with exosomal dysregulation observed in stage T3 PCa. This dysregulation implicates key cancer pathways such as integrin-mediated cell interactions, epithelial …

Transcriptional network analysis of PTEN-protein-deficient prostate tumors reveals robust stromal reprogramming and signs of senescent paracrine communication.

Among the extensive genomic alterations in prostate cancer, phosphatase and tensin homolog (PTEN) deletion stands out as one of the most con … ompasses enhanced transforming growth factor beta (TGF-β) signaling and that is compatible with the secretome of PTEN-deficient senescent cancer cells. Finally, our findings enable the sub-stratification of tumors with PTEN loss based on their senescence-associated stroma remodeling program to distinguish indolent from aggressive cases. Our study provides r …

Therapeutic potential of stem cells in pediatric neurology: Insights from clinical trials.

Pediatric neurological disorders comprise diverse conditions that impair nervous system function in children and contribute substantially to global disease burden. Stem cell therapy has become a promising treatment in neurology due to the cells' ability to self-renew, ensuring a continuous supply of cells. Cells are harvested from various origins, notably embryonic tissues and adult sources such as bone marrow, adipose tissue, and umbilical cord. Therapeutic effects arise from cell or enzyme replacement, trophic support, immunomodulation, and paracrine actions of the secretome. This review sum…

The Evolving Landscape of Stem Cell Therapies for Huntington's Disease.

Huntington's disease (HD) is a fatal, inherited neurodegenerative disorder marked by the progressive and selective loss of spiny projection … have shifted focus toward mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs), which are valued for their neuroprotective secretome but are not suitable for neuronal replacement. To address these limitations, human pluripotent stem cells (hPSCs) have emerged as a renewable and scalable source for the development of advanced therapy medicinal products (ATMPs). In vitro differenti …

Мезенхимальные стволовые клетки в неврологических расстройствах: Отчёты от клинических испытаний.

Мезенхимальные стволовые клетки (МСЦ) обладают уникальными свойствами, что делает их перспективными кандидатами на клеточную терапию, особенно в неврологических расстройствах. Они могут быть получены из различных тканей, при этом наиболее распространенными источниками являются костный мозг, жировая ткань, пуповина и плацента. Имеющиеся данные свидетельствуют о том, что ткани происхождения существенно влияют на характеристики КБМ, включая секретный состав, скорость распространения и способность к сцеплению. Клинические испытания показали, что МСЦ способны обеспечить безопасность и лечение в так

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) exhibit unique properties that make them promising candidates for cell therapy, particularly in neurological d … Evidence suggests that the tissue of origin significantly influences MSC characteristics, including secretome composition, proliferation rate, and adhesion capacity. Clinical trials have demonstrated the safety and therapeutic potential of MSCs in conditions such as spinal cord injury, multiple sclerosis, and stroke. MSC therapy has been associated with imp …