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Autoimmune neutropenia: a rare complication of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation?

BACKGROUND: Autoimmune cytopenias (AIC) are rare complications of allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT). Autoimmune neutropenia (AIN) is the least common type of AIC, and data on its incidence, risk factors and prognosis are scarce. This study aims to describe the incidence of AIN, its potential risk factors, and its clinical outcomes. STUDY DESIGN: This retrospective study included children who underwent a first allogeneic HSCT between 2015 and 2022. Patients with primary graft rejection were excluded. The primary endpoint was the incidence of AIN. Secondary endpoints inc…

Cutaneous dysbiosis characterizes the post-allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation period.

Gut dysbiosis is linked to mortality and the development of graft-versus-host disease after hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT), but the impact of cutaneous dysbiosis remains unexplored. We performed a pilot observational study, obtained retroauricular and forearm skin swabs from 12 adult patients before conditioning chemotherapy/radiation and at 1 week, 1 month, and 3 months after allogeneic HSCT, and performed shotgun metagenomic sequencing. The cutaneous microbiome among HSCT patients was enriched for gram-negative bacteria such as Escherichia coli and Pseudomonas, fungi, and vir…

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and immunosuppressive therapy: implications of clonal haematopoiesis.

Aplastic anemia (AA) is a life-threatening bone marrow failure syndrome. The advent of next-generation sequencing (NGS) has shed light on the link between somatic mutations (SM) and the efficacy of immunosuppressive therapy (IST) in AA patients. However, the relationship between SM and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) has not been extensively explored. In this retrospective analysis, we examined 166 AA patients who received HSCT or IST at our institution between May 2019 and December 2023. NGS was conducted on 66 genes within bone marrow cells to investigate the correlation betwe…

Survival risk prediction in hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for multiple myeloma.

This paper investigates the application of Survival Analysis (SA) techniques to forecast outcomes after autologous Hematopoietic Stem Cell Transplantation (aHSCT) for Multiple Myeloma (MM). By leveraging six SA models, we examine their predictive capabilities, measured through the Concordance Index (C-index) metric. Beyond evaluating model performance, we analyze feature importance using permutation and SHAP methods, highlighting key clinical factors such as treatment history, disease stage, and prior disease progression or relapse as critical predictors of survival. The findings suggest that …

Трансплантация стволовой клетки для высокой/ультра высокой степени риска с несколькими миеломами.

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Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… The evolution of stem-cell transplantation in multiple myeloma. Ther Adv Hematol. 2018;9(5):123–133. doi: 10.1177/2040620718761776. 2. Greil C, Engelhardt M, Finke J, Wasch R. Allogeneic Stem Cell Transplantation in Multiple Myeloma. Cancers (Basel) 2021;14(1):55. doi: 10.3390/cancers14010055. 3. … Long-term outcomes of allogeneic stem cell transplant in multiple myeloma. Blood Cancer J. 2023;13(1):126. doi: 10.1038/s41408-023-00900-z. 11. Li H, Zhao L, Sun Z, Yao Y, Li L, Wang J, Hua T. et al. …

Allogeneic germline stem cell transplantation restores fertility in nonablated recipient mice†.

Spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) colonize nonablated recipient testes. Autotransplantation of SSCs is expected to restore fertility in boys who become infertile due to cancer therapy. However, since the number of SSCs recovered from testis biopsies is small, increasing SSC number is a prerequisite. Additionally, residual spermatogenesis in the recipient testes may hinder colonization. Here, we evaluated the effects of SSC culture and endogenous spermatogenesis in syngeneic and allogeneic recipient mouse testes. While cultured SSCs colonized chemically-castrated mature testes, they showed limit

Mitochondrial Transplantation Restores Immune Cell Metabolism in Sepsis: A Metabolomics Study.

Sepsis induces severe immune and metabolic dysfunction driven by mitochondrial failure. Mitochondrial transplantation (MT) has emerged as a promising strategy to restore mitochondrial bioenergetics, but its metabolic impact on immune cells remains unclear. Here, we used gas chromatography-time-of-flight mass spectrometry (GC-TOF-MS)-based metabolomics to evaluate metabolic alterations in peripheral blood mononuclear cells (PBMCs) and splenocytes from a rat polymicrobial sepsis model treated with MT. Principal component and partial least-squares discriminant analyses revealed distinct clusterin

Sludging: A Postoperative Clinical Finding After Ocular Surface Stem Cell Transplantation.

PURPOSE: The objective of this study was to describe a postoperative clinical finding coined "sludging." Sludging is defined as a noninflammatory vascular phenomenon observed following ocular surface stem cell transplantation (OSST) characterized by dilated blood vessels localized to the graft. Also, the aim of our study was to identify associated risk factors and the impact on OSST graft outcomes. METHODS: A total of 261 eyes of 196 patients who underwent OSST to treat severe limbal stem cell deficiency from 2006 to 2016 were included in this retrospective review. Clinical characteristics we…

Reconstructing skeletal homeostasis through allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation in myelofibrosis.

Myeloproliferative neoplasm-associated myelofibrosis is a clonal stem cell process characterized by pronounced bone marrow fibrosis associated with extramedullary hematopoiesis and splenomegaly. Allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) represents the only curative treatment leading to bone marrow fibrosis regression. Here we provide an in-depth skeletal characterization of myelofibrosis patients before and after allo-HSCT utilizing clinical high-resolution imaging, laboratory analyses, and bone biopsy studies. Despite unimpaired bone microarchitecture at peripheral skelet…

Mesenchymal Stem Cell Transplantation for Osteogenesis Imperfecta Patients: A Systematic Review.

The following systematic review provides an evaluation of the effectiveness of mesenchymal stem cell (MSC) transplantation in the treatment of osteogenesis imperfecta (OI). After reviewing 40 studies, 9 human clinical studies that included case reports or case series were included and resulted in a total of 12 patients with OI. Five studies documented an increase in total body bone mineral (TBBM) content, whereas four studies observed a reduction in fracture rates post-transplantation. Moreover, noticeable improvements in children's growth were recorded. Although both BMSCs and human fetal MSC

Pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocyte transplantation: marching from bench to bedside.

Cardiovascular diseases such as myocardial infarction, heart failure, and cardiomyopathy, persist as a leading global cause of death. Current treatment options have inherent limitations, particularly in terms of cardiac regeneration due to the limited regenerative capacity of adult human hearts. The transplantation of pluripotent stem cell-derived cardiomyocytes (PSC-CMs) has emerged as a promising and potential solution to address this challenge. This review aims to summarize the latest advancements and prospects of PSC-CM transplantation (PCT), along with the existing constraints, such as im

Participation in life activities after hematopoietic cell transplantation in older adults.

OBJECTIVES: This study aims to measure activity participation and describe barriers and goals for participation in older adults post-HCT. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a convergent mixed methods design, we quantitatively assessed four domains of participation (instrumental, low demand leisure, high demand leisure, and social) using the modified Activity Card Sort (ACSm) and described cognitive, physical, and psychosocial function using validated measures. Semi-structured interviews were used to describe barriers and goals for participation. RESULTS: Eighteen participants with the median age of 6

Clonal evolution of hematopoietic stem cells after autologous stem cell transplantation.

The impact of exogenous stressors, such as cancer chemotherapies, on the genomic integrity and clonal dynamics of normal hematopoiesis is not well defined. We conducted whole-genome sequencing on 1,276 single-cell-derived hematopoietic stem and progenitor cell (HSPC) colonies from ten patients with multiple myeloma treated with chemotherapies and six normal donors. Melphalan treatment significantly increased the mutational burden, producing a distinctive mutation signature, whereas other chemotherapeutic agents had minimal effects. Consequently, the clonal diversity and architecture of post-tr

Subsequent Cancers following Non-myeloablative Conditioning for Allogeneic Hematopoietic Cell Transplantation.

We examined the risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in 1720 patients with hematologic cancers given allogeneic hematopoietic grafts from 03/1998 to 08/2023 after nonmyeloablative conditioning regimens. With a median follow-up of 12 years, the cumulative incidence of SMNs was 17% (95% CI, [15%, 19%]). Most SMNs (n = 543) were non-melanoma skin cancers seen in 208 patients; unfortunately, information on these cancers was not available in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for comparison with such tumors in the general population. However, developing non-mel

Subsequent cancers following non-myeloablative conditioning for allogeneic hematopoietic cell transplantation.

We examined the risk of subsequent malignant neoplasms (SMNs) in 1720 patients with hematologic cancers given allogeneic hematopoietic grafts from 03/1998 to 08/2023 after nonmyeloablative conditioning regimens. With a median follow-up of 12 years, the cumulative incidence of SMNs was 17% (95% CI, [15%, 19%]). Most SMNs (n = 543) were non-melanoma skin cancers seen in 208 patients; unfortunately, information on these cancers was not available in the Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results (SEER) database for comparison with such tumors in the general population. However, developing non-mel

Outcomes in patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation for myelodysplastic syndromes.

Hematopoietic stem cell transplantation [HSCT] is the only curative option for patients with myelodysplastic syndromes [MDS]. Between 1991 and 2021, 154 patients [high risk, 86; low risk, 68] including 22 children underwent HSCT with a median age of 36 years. Conditioning regimens were myeloablative [n=97] and reduced intensity [n=53]. Donors were human leucocyte antigen (HLA)-matched related donors (MRDs) in 113 and alternate donors in 41. The graft source was peripheral blood stem cells in 92%. Engraftment occurred in 126 [81.9%] at a median of 15 days while 20 [12.9%] died before engraftmen…

Parvovirus B19 infection induces pure red cell aplasia after lung transplantation.

A man in his 50's with a history of acute lymphoblastic leukemia underwent allogeneic hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (allo-HSCT) over 20 years earlier and later developed bilateral giant pulmonary bullae, presumed secondary to pulmonary chronic graft-versus-host disease (cGVHD), requiring bilateral lung transplantation. Six months after lung transplantation, he developed rapid-onset severe normocytic anemia with reticulocytopenia. Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation was initially suspected, and antiviral therapy was commenced, but the anemia persisted. Subsequent Polymerase chain react…

Challenges in advancing Schwann cell transplantation for spinal cord injury repair.

BACKGROUND AIMS: In this article we aimed to provide an expert synthesis of the current status of Schwann cell (SC)therapeutics and potential steps to increase their clinical utility. METHODS: We provide an expert synthesis based on preclinical, clinical and manufacturing experience. RESULTS: Schwann cells (SCs) are essential for peripheral nerve regeneration and are of interest in supporting axonal repair after spinal cord injury (SCI). SCs can be isolated and cultivated in tissue culture from adult nerve biopsies or generated from precursors and neural progenitors using specific differenti

Thyroid complications after hemopoietic stem cell transplantation in children and adolescents.

PURPOSE: To evaluate the prevalence of thyroid dysfunction and its association with possible contributing factors related to diagnosis and treatment in children who received hematopoietic stem cell transplantation (HSCT) in the only national transplant unit in Greece. METHODS: This is an observational, retrospective, single center cohort study that included 194 patients (58.6% boys) who survived for at least 1 year following allogeneic HSCT. Conditioning regimens depended upon diagnosis and protocols active at the time of transplantation. Some patients received irradiation, either central ner…