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Isolation of a Vicia faba metallothionein-like gene: expression in foliar trichomes.

Animal metallothioneins (MTs) are cysteine-rich, low-molecular-weight proteins that bind to heavy metals and are believed to play a role in their metabolism and detoxification. Genes encoding MT-like proteins have been isolated in a number of plants although their function remains to be elucidated. We describe the isolation and characterization of a bean cDNA encoding an MT-like protein. The bean gene, called MT, was isolated as a result of a differential screen for genes that are expressed in leaves but not in the most common cell type, the mesophyll cell. MT contained two regions with abunda

A Carbohydrate-Binding Protein from the Edible Lablab Beans Effectively Blocks the Infections of Influenza Viruses and SARS-CoV-2.

The influenza virus hemagglutinin (HA) and coronavirus spike (S) protein mediate virus entry. HA and S proteins are heavily glycosylated, making them potential targets for carbohydrate binding agents such as lectins. Here, we show that the lectin FRIL, isolated from hyacinth beans (Lablab purpureus), has anti-influenza and anti-SARS-CoV-2 activity. FRIL can neutralize 11 representative human and avian influenza strains at low nanomolar concentrations, and intranasal administration of FRIL is protective against lethal H1N1 infection in mice. FRIL binds preferentially to complex-type N-glycans a

Physicochemical and antimicrobial properties of copaiba oil: implications on product quality control.

BACKGROUND: The copaiba oil is a common natural product used in cosmetic industry and as a nutraceutical product. However, lack of quality control and scarce knowledge about its antimicrobial activity is a point of concern. The proposal of this study was to investigate the physicochemical properties and the antimicrobial activity of five commercial brands of copaiba oil. METHODS: Acidity and ester index, refractory index, solubility in alcohol, and thin layer chromatography were performed to verify the physicochemical properties of five commercial copaiba oils sold in local pharmacies. Ultra

Antihepatotoxic effect of tadehaginoside, extracted from Tadehagi triquetrum (L.), against CCl4-lesioned rats through activating the Nrf2 signaling pathway and attenuating the inflammatory response.

Recently, an increasing number of studies suggest that oxidative stress and inflammation are associated with hepatocellular injuries. Thus, we aimed to evaluate the potential hepatoprotective role of tadehaginoside (TA) on liver lesions induced by carbon tetrachloride (CCl4). The results in vitro suggested that TA dose-dependently suppressed the cell proliferation of HepG2 cells, whereas the phosphorylated level of IκBα in cells was effectively inactivated. The study in vivo showed that TA significantly lowered the serum concentrations of alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransfer

Characterization of active-site residues in diadenosine tetraphosphate hydrolase from Lupinus angustifolius.

Site-directed mutagenesis has been used to characterize the functions of key amino acid residues in the catalytic site of the 'nudix' hydrolase, (asymmetrical) diadenosine 5',5"'-P1,P4-tetraphosphate (Ap4A) hydrolase (EC 3.6.1.17) from Lupinus angustifolius, the three-dimensional solution structure of which has recently been solved. Residues within the nudix motif, Gly-(Xaa)5-Glu-(Xaa)7-Arg-Glu-Uaa-Xaa-(Glu)2-Xaa-Gly (where Xaa represents unspecified amino acids and Uaa represents the bulky aliphatic amino acids Ile, Leu or Val) conserved in 'nudix enzymes', and residues important for catalysi

Effects of a Carob-Pod-Derived Sweetener on Glucose Metabolism.

BACKGROUND: Patients with type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) have a higher incidence of cardiovascular (CV) events. The ingestion of high-glycemic index (GI) diets, specially sweetened beverage consumption, has been associated with the development of T2DM and CV disease. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the effects of the intake of a sweetened beverage, obtained from natural carbohydrates containing pinitol (PEB) compared to a sucrose-enriched beverage (SEB) in the context of impaired glucose tolerance (IGT) and diabetes. METHODS: The study was divided in three different phases: (1) a discovery phase

Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), a plant proteinase inhibitor, decreases in vitro cell adhesion and invasion by inhibition of Src protein-focal adhesion kinase (FAK) signaling pathways.

Tumor cell invasion is vital for cancer progression and metastasis. Adhesion, migration, and degradation of the extracellular matrix are important events involved in the establishment of cancer cells at a new site, and therefore molecular targets are sought to inhibit such processes. The effect of a plant proteinase inhibitor, Enterolobium contortisiliquum trypsin inhibitor (EcTI), on the adhesion, migration, and invasion of gastric cancer cells was the focus of this study. EcTI showed no effect on the proliferation of gastric cancer cells or fibroblasts but inhibited the adhesion, migration,

Clinical update on peanut allergy.

BACKGROUND: Peanut allergy is common, potentially severe, and there has been a recent surge in clinical investigation of this important food allergen. OBJECTIVE: To provide the reader with a clinically oriented update on peanut allergy. DATA SOURCES: English language articles were selected from PubMed searches (search terms: peanut allergy, food allergy, anaphylaxis) and selected abstracts with a bias toward recent (3 years) studies judged to have immediate, practical clinical implications. RESULTS: Peanut allergy is an increasing problem in western diets that include this food. Both geneti

Trypanocidal activity of copaiba oil and kaurenoic acid does not depend on macrophage killing machinery.

Activity, mechanisms of action, and toxicity of natural compounds have been investigated in a context in which knowledge on which pathway is activated remains crucial to understand the action mechanism of these bioactive substances when treating an infected host. Herein, we showed an ability of copaiba oil and kaurenoic acid to eliminate Trypanosoma cruzi forms by infected macrophages through other mechanisms in addition to nitric oxide, reactive oxygen species, iron metabolism, and antioxidant defense. Both compounds induced an anti-inflammatory response with an increase in IL-10 and TGF-β as

Matrine in cancer therapy: antitumor mechanisms and nano-delivery strategies.

Cancer remains one of the leading causes of death worldwide. The severe adverse reactions and toxic side effects associated with conventional treatments such as surgery, radiotherapy, and chemotherapy pose significant challenges for researchers and clinical practitioners. These limitations have driven the pursuit of more advanced and effective therapeutic approaches. In recent years, natural products have attracted considerable attention in the field of disease treatment and have become an important source for new drug development. Matrine, a major active component of the traditional medicinal

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… Matrine is a tetracyclic quinolizidine alkaloid primarily found in plants of the Sophora genus within the Fabaceae family, with the highest concentration present in the roots and rhizomes of Sophora flavescens Ait., a traditional Chinese medicinal herb ( Gao et al., 2024 ). … The pharmacology of the genus sophora (fabaceae): an updated review. Phytomedicine Int. J. Phytotherapy Phytopharm. 64, 153070. 10.1016/j.phymed.2019.153070 Amiryaghoubi N., Fathi M., Barar J., Omidian H., Omidi Y. (2023). Advanced nanoscale drug delivery systems for bone cancer therapy. …

The metabolites from traditional Chinese medicine targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy.

Cancer is a major disease with ever-increasing morbidity and mortality. The metabolites derived from traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) have played a significant role in combating cancers with curative efficacy and unique advantages. Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent programmed death characterized by the accumulation of lipid peroxide, stands out from the conventional forms of cell death, such as apoptosis, pyroptosis, necrosis, and autophagy. Recent evidence has demonstrated the potential of TCM metabolites targeting ferroptosis for cancer therapy. We collected and screened related articles publ

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… [Fabaceae ; T. foenum-graecum dried ripe seed ]. TRG sensitized chemo-resistant head and neck cancer (HNC) cells to in vitro and in vivo RSL3 treatment by decreasing the activity of the Nrf2-ARE pathway ( Shin et al., 2018 ). … Nannf. [ Campanulaceae ; C. pilosula root] , Astragalus mongholicus Bunge [ Fabaceae ; A. mongholicus root], and Angelica sinensis (Oliv.) Diels [ Apiaceae ; A. sinensis root]. It is most commonly prescribed for HCC treatment in Beijing Ditan Hospital ( Yang et al., 2021 ). …

Resveratrol and Other Natural Oligomeric Stilbenoid Compounds and Their Therapeutic Applications.

The use of natural compounds as an alternative to synthetic molecules has become a significant subject of interest in recent decades. Stilbenoids are a group of phenolic compounds found in many plant species and they have recently gained the focus of a multitude of studies in medicine and chemistry, resveratrol being the most representative molecule. In this review, we focused on the research that illustrates the therapeutic potential of this class of natural molecules considering various diseases with higher incidence rates. PubChem database was searched for bioactivities of natural stilbenoi

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… The 2-arylbenzofurans are found in only seven known families: Corsiniaceae, Gnetaceae, Melanthiaceae, Stemonaceae, Moraceae, Fabaceae, and Vitaceae [ 8 ]. … The 2-arylbenzofurans are found in only seven known families: Corsiniaceae, Gnetaceae, Melanthiaceae, Stemonaceae, Moraceae, Fabaceae, and Vitaceae [ 27 ]. The main natural source of stilbenoids is represented by Vitis vinifera L. species, which belongs to the plant family Vitaceae. …

Phytosome-Enhanced Secondary Metabolites for Improved Anticancer Efficacy: Mechanisms and Bioavailability Review.

PurposePhytosome technology, an advanced lipid-based delivery system, offers a promising solution for enhancing the bioavailability and therapeutic efficacy of secondary metabolites, particularly in cancer treatment. These metabolites, such as flavonoids, terpenoids, and alkaloids, possess significant anticancer potential but are often limited by poor solubility and low absorption. This review aims to investigate how phytosome encapsulation improves the pharmacokinetic profiles and anticancer effectiveness of these bioactive compounds.Patients and methodsThis comprehensive review is based on a

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… Exploring the Phytochemicals and Anti-Cancer Potential of the Members of Fabaceae Family: a Comprehensive Review. Molecules . 2022;27(12):3863. doi: 10.3390/molecules27123863 12. Krishnan R, Scholar PG, Vigyana D. …

Effects of three flavonoids from an ancient traditional Chinese medicine Radix puerariae on geriatric diseases.

As the worldwide population ages, the morbidity of neurodegenerative, cardiovascular, cerebrovascular, and endocrine diseases, such as diabetes and osteoporosis, continues to increase. The etiology of geriatric diseases is complex, involving the interaction of genes and the environment, which makes effective treatment challenging. Traditional Chinese medicine, unlike Western medicine, uses diverse bioactive ingredients to target multiple signaling pathways in geriatric diseases. Radix puerariae is one of the most widely used ancient traditional Chinese medicines and is also consumed as food. T

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… Ohwi and belongs to family Fabaceae. It grows in humid regions, monsoon forests, and coastal tracts. It is a twining perennial woody herb native to China, Korea, Japan, India, and the United States. In China, Radix puerariae is distributed throughout Henan, Hunan, Zhejiang, and Sichuan provinces. …

Обзор " Метформин " и " нейродегенерация: всеобъемлющий обзор " .

В рамках этого всеобъемлющего обзора изучается терапевтический потенциал метаформина, хорошо зарекомендовавшего себя лекарство от диабета, при лечении нейродегенеративных расстройств. Первоначально использованная в качестве первой линии обработки для типа 2 диабет, недавние исследования начали изучать эффекты метаформина, выходящие за рамки метаболических расстройств, особенно его нейрозащитные способности против таких заболеваний, как болезнь Паркинсона, болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Хантингтона и множественный склероз. Ключевые выводы показывают, что нейрозащитный эффект метформина действует

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… Galega officinalis (Fabaceae), the plant from which metformin was originally derived, is characterized by palmately compound leaves and racemose inflorescences. The molecular structure of metformin shows a structural pattern that highlights the biguanide scaffold with terminal N-methylation. …

Indian Ayurvedic medicine: Overview and application to brain cancer.

Ayurveda is the traditional medicine system of India, and has been in practice for millennia. It is a traditional approach that uses 1000's of different plant preparations in various combinations for treatment of human ailments, including cancer. Ethnopharmacological and phytochemical analyses are now elucidating the bioactive constituents of the different plant species and herbal formulations, including ashwagandha, curcumin, guduchi, triphala, and others. To provide an overview of: 1) the ethnopharmacology of Ayurveda and several of its most important plant species and formulations, includin

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… The most dominant anti-cancer plant families were Asteraceae, Euphorbiaceae, Apocynaceae, and Fabaceae [ 5 ]. Most of the herbal formulations consisted of leaves (28%), roots (15%), and bark (13%); only 10% of formulations were made using the whole plant [ 5 ]. …

Mechanisms Behind the Pharmacological Application of Biochanin-A: A review.

This review was aimed at summarizing the cellular and molecular mechanisms behind the various pharmacological actions of biochanin-A. Many studies have been reported claiming its application in cancers, metabolic disorders, airway hyperresponsiveness, cardiac disorders, neurological disorders, etc. With regard to hormone-dependent cancers like breast, prostate, and other malignancies like pancreatic, colon, lung, osteosarcoma, glioma that has limited treatment options, biochanin-A revealed agreeable results in arresting cancer development. Biochanin-A has also shown therapeutic benefits when a

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… Isoflavones, renowned for their estrogenic properties, are predominantly found in legumes from the Fabaceae family ( Dixon and Sumner, 2003 ), with soybean (Glycine max) as a source of daidzein, genistein, glycitein, and red clover (Trifolium pratense) as a source of formononetin and biochanin-A. …

Вытяжка из листа EGb 761* в качестве образца продукта по концепции процесса.

Часто недооценивается тот факт, что экстракты, получаемые с одного и того же растения, могут существенно различаться по их фитохимическому составу, а также по их фармакокинетическим и фармакодинамическим свойствам, которые лежат в основе их клинической эффективности и безопасности. Специальная экстрактная EGb 761- Это... one из наиболее изученных выдержек растений в мире. В настоящем обзоре, используя этот экстракт в качестве парадигмы, мы рассказываем о том, как климат, район сбора урожая, обработка растительного материала, процесс сушки, экстракционные растворители и детали последующих этапо

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… Plant material is frequently adulterated with other plants rich in flavonol glycosides like Styphnolobium japonicum (L) SCHOTT [ Fabaceae ] or Fagopyrum esculentum MOENCH [ Polygonaceae ] ( Gafner, 2018 ). …

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Cancer Stem Cells: The Potential Targets of Chinese Medicines and Their Active Compounds.

The pivotal role of cancer stem cells (CSCs) in the initiation and progression of malignancies has been rigorously validated, and the specific methods for identifying and isolating the CSCs from the parental cancer population have also been rapidly developed in recent years. This review aims to provide an overview of recent research progress of Chinese medicines (CMs) and their active compounds in inhibiting tumor progression by targeting CSCs. A great deal of CMs and their active compounds, such as Antrodia camphorate, berberine, resveratrol, and curcumin have been shown to regress CSCs, in t

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… Isoflavones are produced from the members of Fabaceae family such as soybean, which has been used for relieving edema and detoxifying for thousand years in CM [ 159 ]. …