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Bisphophonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

OBJECTIVE: With sporadic reporting of BPs related osteonecrosis of jaw and in absence of definitive guidelines regarding the management of such patients, the dentists and the oral and maxillofacial surgeons need to be updated about this issue. The objective of this article was to produce an updated bibliographic review of BPs related ONJ. This paper reviews the literature regarding the same for better understanding of the problem and its management. BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are potent inhibitors of bone resorption and are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other disease

Beyond SINS: A Critical Review of Biomechanical, Microstructural, and Radiomic Biomarkers for Predicting Fracture Risk in Spinal Metastases

Background/Objectives: Although the Spinal Instability Neoplastic Score (SINS) is widely used to estimate spinal metastases fracture risk and guide decisions on stabilisation procedures, prior studies have demonstrated mixed results. Patients with the same score exhibit clinically heterogeneous outcomes, with some SINS criteria correlating less well with the estimated fracture risk than others. There are also barriers to implementation such as the time burden required for manual calculation and interobserver variability associated with qualitative morphological criteria. SINS also lacks sensit

Глубокое изучение анализа изображений для множественных склерозов: диагностика и мониторинг.

Множественный склероз (MS) — аутоиммунное заболевание, которое затрагивает различные части центральной нервной системы и часто происходит среди молодежи (между 20-40 возраст). С учетом того, что MS является заболеванием на протяжении всей жизни и что в настоящее время не существует окончательного лечения MS, ранняя диагностика, начало лечения наиболее подходящими лекарствами и наблюдение за пациентами являются: three :: сложные факторы при определении статуса пациентов с НР. Магнитная резонансная съемка (MRI) и оптическая последовательность (OCT) two важных и полезных методов визуализации thre

Multimodality imaging localization of a giant functional parathyroid adenoma in a young fitness trainer with delayed recognition of hypercalcemia: A case report.

Giant parathyroid adenoma (GPA) is a rare cause of primary hyperparathyroidism (PHPT) whose symptoms overlap with normal training fatigue and dietary shifts that calcium testing gets delayed in active people. A 36-year-old male fitness trainer presented with 13 kg of unintentional weight loss over six months with weakness, and nocturia, all of which he and the physicians who first saw him attributed to his training regimen and protein supplementation. Serum calcium was 16.4 mg/dL and parathyroid hormone (PTH) 1127.4 pg/mL, with acute kidney injury and bilateral nephrolithiasis; protein electro

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Role of four-dimensional computed tomography (4D-CT) in non-localising and discordant first-line imaging in primary hyperparathyroidism Ann R Coll Surg Engl 105 8 2023 739 746 36748800 10.1308/rcsann.2022.0126 PMC10618046 26 Ziaeean B. Sohrabi-Nazari S. …

Abstract

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Preoperative Assessment of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Using [18F]fluoride Positron Emission Tomography (PET)/CT and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose PET/MRI in Correlation with Histomorphometry and Micro-CT-A Prospective Comparative Study.

OBJECTIVES: The purpose of this study was to investigate the imaging characteristics of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) using [18F]fluoride positron emission tomography/computed tomography (PET/CT) and [18F]fluorodeoxyglucose (FDG) PET/magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) for preoperative assessment and to correlate them with microarchitectural and histomorphometric data with respect to clinical findings. METHODS: Twelve patients (five female; mean age 75 ± 7.6 yr) with symptomatic MRONJ underwent both scans on the same day, and imaging findings were used to plan surgical inte

Алгоритмы машинного обучения для виртуального раннего обнаружения и выявления нейродегенеративных и нейрокогнитивных расстройств: систематический обзор.

Происхождение и аналоговые расстройства (например, болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона) приводят к нейронной потере; нейрокогнитивные расстройства (например, бред, слабоумие) свидетельствуют о когнитивном упадке. Раннее обнаружение имеет решающее значение для эффективного управления. Машинное обучение помогает в более точном выявлении заболеваний, потенциально преобразуя медицинское обслуживание. В рамках этого всеобъемлющего систематического обзора обсуждается вопрос о том, каким образом машинное обучение (ML) может способствовать раннему выявлению этих расстройств, превосходя при этом тр

Accuracy of artificial intelligence in detecting tumor bone metastases: a systematic review and meta-analysis.

BackgroundBone metastases (BM) represent a prevalent complication of tumors. Early and accurate diagnosis, however, is a significant hurdle for radiologists. Recently, artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged as a valuable tool to assist radiologists in the detection of BM. This meta-analysis was undertaken to evaluate the AI diagnostic accuracy for BM.MethodsTwo reviewers performed an exhaustive search of several databases, including Wei Pu (VIP) database, China National Knowledge Infrastructure (CNKI), Web of Science, Cochrane Library, Ovid-Embase, Ovid-Medline, Wan Fang database, and China

Fracture Risk Evaluation of Bone Metastases: A Burning Issue.

Major progress has been achieved to treat cancer patients and survival has improved considerably, even for stage-IV bone metastatic patients. Locomotive health has become a crucial issue for patient autonomy and quality of life. The centerpiece of the reflection lies in the fracture risk evaluation of bone metastasis to guide physician decision regarding physical activity, antiresorptive agent prescription, and local intervention by radiotherapy, surgery, and interventional radiology. A key mandatory step, since bone metastases may be asymptomatic and disseminated throughout the skeleton, is t

Pulmonary Vascular Disease Due to Plasma Cell Dyscrasia.

Pulmonary hypertension (PH) has been described in myeloproliferative disorders; monoclonal plasma cell disorder such as polyneuropathy, organomegaly, endocrinopathy, monoclonal gammopathy, and skin changes syndrome; and plasma cell dyscrasias such as multiple myeloma and amyloidosis. We describe 4 cases of PH likely due to pulmonary vascular involvement and myocardial deposition from light chain deposition disease, amyloidosis, and multiple myeloma. On the basis of our clinical experience and literature review, we propose screening for plasma cell dyscrasia in patients with heart failure with

Advances in MALDI Mass Spectrometry Imaging Single Cell and Tissues.

Compared with conventional optical microscopy techniques, mass spectrometry imaging (MSI) or imaging mass spectrometry (IMS) is a powerful, label-free analytical technique, which can sensitively and simultaneously detect, quantify, and map hundreds of biomolecules, such as peptides, proteins, lipid, and other organic compounds in cells and tissues. So far, although several soft ionization techniques, such as desorption electrospray ionization (DESI) and secondary ion mass spectrometry (SIMS) have been used for imaging biomolecules, matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization (MALDI) is still t

Multiple Myeloma (Part 2) - Update on The Approach to Bone Disease.

The increase in life expectancy of the world population has led to a concomitant increase in the prevalence of multiple myeloma (MM), a disease that usually affects the elderly population. Bone lesions are frequent in patients with this condition, demanding an early approach, from drug treatment, through radiotherapy to orthopedic surgery (prophylactic or therapeutic) with the objective of preventing or delaying the occurrence of fracture, or, when this event has already occurred, treat it through stabilization or replacement (lesions located in the appendicular skeleton) and/or promote stabil

The impact of radiation treatment planning technique on unplanned hospital admissions.

PurposeTreatment burdens and toxicities related to palliative radiation therapy (RT) may lead to unplanned hospital admissions (UHAs). The likelihood for these toxicities may be related to treatment technique. We compared rates of UHA between patients receiving nonconformal (2-dimensional) and conformal (3-dimensional or higher) radiation treatments to bone metastases involving the vertebral column.Methods and materialsWe retrospectively analyzed patients treated with RT for bone metastases at a single tertiary care center between 2010 and 2017. We compared rates of RT-related UHA within 90 da

Radial HR-pQCT and Finite Element Analysis in HPP Patients are Superior in Identifying Susceptibility to Fracture-Associated Skeletal Affections Compared to DXA and Laboratory Tests.

Hypophosphatasia (HPP) is an inborn disease that causes a rare form of osteomalacia, a mineralization disorder affecting mineralized tissues. Identification of patients at high risk for fractures or other skeletal manifestations (such as insufficiency fractures or excessive bone marrow edema) by bone densitometry and laboratory tests remains clinically challenging. Therefore, we examined two cohorts of patients with variants in the ALPL gene grouped by bone manifestations. These groups were compared by means of bone microarchitecture using high-resolution peripheral quantitative computed tomog

AI-Assisted Detection and Localization of Spinal Metastatic Lesions.

ObjectivesThe integration of machine learning and radiomics in medical imaging has significantly advanced diagnostic and prognostic capabilities in healthcare. This study focuses on developing and validating an artificial intelligence (AI) model using U-Net architectures for the accurate detection and segmentation of spinal metastases from computed tomography (CT) images, addressing both osteolytic and osteoblastic lesions.MethodsOur methodology employs multiple variations of the U-Net architecture and utilizes two distinct datasets: one consisting of 115 polytrauma patients for vertebra segme

Автоматизированная радиомасса для прогнозирования реакции терапии и минимальных остаточных заболеваний от базовой МРТ в множестве миеломы.

Это многоцентровое исследование снимков было направлено на создание и проверку автоматизированных моделей радиомикалов, прогнозирующих терапию (TR) и минимальную остаточную реакцию (MRD) в недавно диагностированном миеломе (MM) из базового МРТ. Ретроспективно, 118 Пациенты ММ из GMMG-HD7 судебное разбирательство (EudraCT: 2017-004768-37) с данными о TR и/или MRD после индуктивной терапии и базовой МРТ. Данные были разделены по центрам в комплект учебных материалов (центр 1-2; n = 79) и комплект испытаний (центр 3-10; n = 39). TR был классифицирован как очень хороший частичный ответ или лучше п

Clinically significant bleeding in incurable cancer patients: effectiveness of hemostatic radiotherapy.

BackgroundThis study was performed to evaluate the outcome after hemostatic radiotherapy (RT) of significant bleeding in incurable cancer patients.MethodsPatients treated by hemostatic RT between November 2006 and February 2010 were retrospectively analyzed. Bleeding was assessed according to the World Health Organization (WHO) scale (grade 0 = no bleeding, 1 = petechial bleeding, 2 = clinically significant bleeding, 3 = bleeding requiring transfusion, 4 = bleeding associated with fatality). The primary endpoint was bleeding at the end of RT. Key secondary endpoints included overall survival (

Applications and Performance of Artificial Intelligence in Spinal Metastasis Imaging: A Systematic Review.

Background: Spinal metastasis is the third most common site for metastatic localization, following the lung and liver. Manual detection through imaging modalities such as CT, MRI, PET, and bone scintigraphy can be costly and inefficient. Preliminary artificial intelligence (AI) techniques and computer-aided detection (CAD) systems have attempted to improve lesion detection, segmentation, and treatment response in oncological imaging. The objective of this review is to evaluate the current applications of AI across multimodal imaging techniques in the diagnosis of spinal metastasis. Methods: Da

Борьба с раком, токсичностью и вторичным риском заболевания протонной радиацией для стадии I-IIB семинома.

ЦЕЛЬ: Цель этого исследования заключалась в том, чтобы сообщать о результатах борьбы с раком и токсичности после протонной радиационной терапии (RT) в яично-полиномической полуномии и сопоставлять риски вторичной злокачественности (SMN) с альтернативами лечения на основе фотонов. МЕТОДЫ И МАТЕРИАЛЫ: В одном учреждении ретроспективно анализировались пациенты, страдающие яичекой полуномой стадии I-IIB с протоном RT. Были рассчитаны оценочные показатели < < Каплан-Мейер > > для обеспечения выживания без болезней и общего выживания. Токсичность была оценена с использованием версии общи

Oral health status of patients with multiple myeloma.

ObjectiveTo describe the oral health status of patients with multiple myeloma and compare to a control group.Materials and methodsThe medical history of the studied subjects was obtained from the medical records and through interviews. Trained examiners evaluated the oral mucosa, teeth, periodontium and imaging aspects. The dental status was evaluated by the decayed, missing and filled teeth index. The presence of bone lesions was investigated with cone beam computer tomography images of the jaws.ResultsThe most common oral mucosa features were paleness (31%) and coated tongue (14.3%) in the m