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Advances in the use of ECMO in oncology patient.

BackgroundOver the past decade, ECMO has provided temporary cardiopulmonary support to an increasing number of patients, but the use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) to provide temporary respiratory and circulatory support to adult patients with malignancy remains controversial.ObjectivesThis paper reviews the specific use of extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO) in oncology patients.MethodsWe searched PubMed, CINAHL, Cochrane Library, and Embase databases for studies on the use of ECMO in cancer patients between 1998 and 2022. Twenty-four retrospective, prospective, and case

A Model-Based Meta-Analysis of Pembrolizumab Effects on Patient-Reported Quality of Life: Advancing Patient-Centered Oncology Drug Development.

Pembrolizumab is an immune checkpoint inhibitor that has been approved for more than 20 different indications and has shown great survival benefits in various types of cancer. However, the reported benefits of pembrolizumab in patients' quality of life (QoL) have been inconsistent across different studies and different types of cancer. As oncology drug development increasingly emphasizes patient-centered care, patient-reported outcomes (PROs), particularly patient-reported QoL, are recognized as important clinical endpoints. To characterize the effects of pembrolizumab on patient-reported QoL,

Combined spatial metabolomics and 4D-DIA quantitative proteomics approaches to explore the relationship between lung cancer and the heart.

Lung cancer and cardiovascular disease pose persistent threats to human health, despite advancements in targeted therapy, percutaneous coronary intervention, and drug treatments. Challenges such as side effects, drug resistance, hospitalization rates, and mortality remain high. These diseases are closely linked, sharing common risk factors and intricately influencing each other. This study aims to investigate the interplay between lung disease and cardiovascular disease by examining changes in cardiac metabolites and protein expression using spatial metabolomics and 4D-DIA quantitative proteom

Bloodstream Infection and Endocarditis Caused by Staphylococcus aureus in Patients with Cancer: A Multicenter Cohort Study.

IntroductionIn a large cohort of patients with Staphylococcus aureus bloodstream infection (SABSI), we aimed to analyze the incidence and risk factors for infective endocarditis (IE) among patients with active cancer (PAC) in comparison with those without cancer (PWC).MethodsMulticenter cohort study of patients with SABSI admitted to two tertiary care hospitals, from 2011 to 2019. PAC were defined as those with an active solid organ cancer or hematological malignancies. SABSI and S. aureus IE were compared between PAC and PWC.ResultsAmong 978 episodes of SABSI, 217 (22.2%) occurred in PAC. PAC

Impact of Japanese Subpopulation Data and Overall Survival in Pivotal Trials on Oncology Drug Approvals in Japan.

Globalization of oncology drug development has accelerated the adoption of multiregional clinical trials (MRCTs) as pivotal evidence for regulatory approvals in major markets, including Japan. While MRCTs enhance efficiency and generalizability, they introduce challenges related to inter-ethnic variability and data extrapolation. Japan's regulatory framework, guided by pharmaceuticals medical devices agency (PMDA) principles and the "Guideline for Clinical Evaluation Methods of Anticancer Drugs," emphasizes patient efficacy, safety and relevance, historically requiring local data to supplement

Health-Related Quality of Life and Satisfaction With Health Care: Relation to Clinical Stage in Mexican Patients With Multiple Myeloma.

Multiple myeloma (MM) is characterized by bone pain, pathologic fractures, bone destruction, and secondary hypercalcemia, all these conditions impact on health-related quality of life of patients. The objective was to evaluate the global health state and health-related quality of life in a group of patients with MM who attended a tertiary health-care center of the Instituto Mexicano del Seguro Social in Mexico, through the questionnaires designed by European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer (EORTC) quality of life group. Exploratory cross-sectional study in patients with MM tr

Ready for Repair? Gene Editing Enters the Clinic for the Treatment of Human Disease.

We present an overview of clinical trials involving gene editing using clustered interspaced short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-CRISPR-associated protein 9 (Cas9), transcription activator-like effector nucleases (TALENs), or zinc finger nucleases (ZFNs) and discuss the underlying mechanisms. In cancer immunotherapy, gene editing is applied ex vivo in T cells, transgenic T cell receptor (tTCR)-T cells, or chimeric antigen receptor (CAR)-T cells to improve adoptive cell therapy for multiple cancer types. This involves knockouts of immune checkpoint regulators such as PD-1, components of the endo

A scoping review of the literature on the application and usefulness of the Problem Management Plus (PM+) intervention around the world.

BackgroundGiven the high rates of common mental disorders and limited resources, task-shifting psychosocial interventions are needed to provide adequate care. One such intervention developed by the World Health Organization is Problem Management Plus (PM+).AimsThis review maps the evidence regarding the extent of application and usefulness of the PM+ intervention, i.e. adaptability, feasibility, effectiveness and scalability, since it was introduced in 2016.MethodWe conducted a scoping review of seven literature databases and grey literature from January 2015 to February 2024, to identify peer

Pyridoxine Is Effective for Preventing Hand-Foot Syndrome Induced by Pegylated Liposomal Doxorubicin for Multiple Myeloma: The Results of a Randomized Study.

PURPOSE: Pegylated liposomal doxorubicin (PLD) is highly effective for treating multiple myeloma (MM). Hand-foot syndrome (HFS) is a dose-limiting adverse event of PLD that may reduce a patient's quality of life or prevent certain patients from receiving PLD. Several researchers have discovered that pyridoxine, an activated form of vitamin B6, may prevent PLD-associated HFS. We designed a prospective randomized trial to examine whether prophylactic pyridoxine might prevent the incidence or delay the occurrence of PLD-induced HFS in patients with MM. METHODS: Patients who met the trial's eligi

Circulating biomarkers in diagnosis and management of cardiac amyloidosis: a review for internist.

Cardiac amyloidosis (CA) is due to extracellular myocardial deposition of misfolded proteins resulting in severe cardiac dysfunction and death. The precursors of amyloid fibrils, able of determining a relevant cardiac infiltration, are immunoglobulin-free light chains (AL amyloidosis) and transthyretin (TTR) (both wild and mutated types). The diagnosis of amyloidosis represents a challenge for the clinician given its rarity and its protean clinical presentation, thus an early diagnosis remains a cornerstone for the prognosis of these patients, also in light of the growing available treatments.

ESA, Iron Therapy and New Drugs: Are There New Perspectives in the Treatment of Anaemia?

Anemia is a well-known consequence of chronic kidney disease (CKD); it is mainly due to a relative insufficiency of erythropoietin synthesis by the failing kidneys. Over the years, the combination of erythropoiesis stimulating agents (ESA) and iron has become the standard of care of anemia. All ESAs effectively increase hemoglobin (Hb) levels in a substantial percentage of patients. However, in the last decade, their use has been surrounded by safety issues in increased cardiovascular risk, especially when used at high doses in inflamed and hyporesponsive patients. This has led to the definiti

Клинические и лабораторные характеристики и методы лечения пациентов, у которых диагностирована миелома: реальная группа пациентов в перуанской поликлинике.

Множественная миелома (ММ) — злокачественное распространение клеток клональной плазмы, вызывающее повреждения костей, почечную недостаточность, анемию и гиперкальцемию. Реальные данные о клинических характеристиках, методах лечения и результатах лечения пациентов с ММ в Латинской Америке, особенно в Перу, по-прежнему являются недостаточными. Цель этого исследования состояла в том, чтобы описать клинические и лабораторные характеристики, характеристики, методы и методы лечения. 5-year Выживание пациентов ММ в перуанской клинике. Мы провели ретроспективное когортное исследование с участием взрос

Создание нового банка тканей нервной системы человека: Дебресенский университет по введению банка тканей и ретроспективному анализу данных.

Ткани головного мозга человека, полученные в результате вскрытия, а также образцы мышц и нерва, полученные в результате биопсии, являются необходимыми ресурсами для изучения патомеханизма нервно-психических расстройств. В этом исследовании мы представляем " Нервусовый системный тканевый банк " Университета Дебрецена, который содержит формализованные и формализованные образцы головного мозга с парафинами (FFPE), а также образцы замороженного нерва и мышечной биопсии. Была создана база данных, содержащая клинические и патологические параметры. В случае вскрытия были зарегистрированы сл

Marine Natural Products with Activities against Prostate Cancer: Recent Discoveries.

Prostate cancer is the most common cancer in men, with over 52,000 new cases diagnosed every year. Diagnostics and early treatment are potentially hindered by variations in screening protocols, still largely reliant on serum levels of acid phosphatase and prostate-specific antigen, with tumour diagnosis and grading relying on histopathological examination. Current treatment interventions vary in terms of efficacy, cost and severity of side effects, and relapse can be aggressive and resistant to the current standard of care. For these reasons, the scientific community is looking for new chemoth

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… National Program of Cancer Registries and Surveillance, Epidemiology, and End Results Program SEER*Stat Database: NPCR and SEER Incidence—U.S Cancer Statistics Public Use Research Database with Prostate Cancer—Cancer Stat Facts—SEER 12 (1992–2022), United States Depart-Ment of Health and Human Services …

Bisphophonates related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

OBJECTIVE: With sporadic reporting of BPs related osteonecrosis of jaw and in absence of definitive guidelines regarding the management of such patients, the dentists and the oral and maxillofacial surgeons need to be updated about this issue. The objective of this article was to produce an updated bibliographic review of BPs related ONJ. This paper reviews the literature regarding the same for better understanding of the problem and its management. BACKGROUND: Bisphosphonates (BPs) are potent inhibitors of bone resorption and are widely used in the treatment of osteoporosis and other disease

Recognition and management of persistent chylomicronemia: A Joint Expert Clinical Consensus by the National Lipid Association and the American Society for Preventive Cardiology.

Extreme hypertriglyceridemia, defined as triglyceride (TG) levels ≥1000 mg/dL, is almost always indicative of chylomicronemia. The current diagnostic approach categorizes individuals with chylomicronemia into familial chylomicronemia syndrome (FCS; prevalence 1-10 per million), caused by the biallelic combination of pathogenic variants that impair the lipolytic action of lipoprotein lipase (LPL), or multifactorial chylomicronemia syndrome (MCS, 1 in 500). A pragmatic framework should emphasize the severity of the phenotype and the risk of complications. Therefore, we endorse the term "persiste

Cost-effectiveness and budget impact analysis of Daratumumab, Lenalidomide and dexamethasone for relapsed-refractory multiple myeloma.

BackgroundThe prominent efficacy in terms of increasing progression-free survival (PFS) of Daratumumab, Lenalidomide and dexamethasone (DRd) triplet therapy versus Carfilzomib, Lenalidomide and dexamethasone (KRd) was proven previously in relapsed-refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM). However, the cost effectiveness of DRd versus KRd is unknown.MethodsWe developed a Markov model by using an Iranian payer perspective and a 10-year time horizon to estimate the healthcare cost, Quality-adjusted life years (QALYs) and life years gain (LYG) for DRd and KRd triplet therapies. Clinical data were obtain

Abstracts - IANCON 2024

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Lenalidomide Plus Dexamethasone as FIRST-Line Therapy in Transplant-Ineligible Patients With Multiple Myeloma: Final Results of the Prospective, Non-Interventional Study FIRST-NIS and Comparison With the FIRST Pivotal Phase III Clinical Trial.

OBJECTIVES: Lenalidomide and low-dose dexamethasone (Rd) is a standard regimen for transplant-ineligible (TIE) patients with newly diagnosed multiple myeloma (NDMM), for whom a multi-drug treatment regimen is not considered appropriate. While Rd has been intensively investigated in clinical trials, prospective real-world data are still scarce. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The prospective, multicenter, non-interventional study FIRST-NIS (NTC02537808) investigated the effectiveness, safety, and quality of life (QoL) of Rd in a German real-world setting. G8-Geriatric assessment was used to assess patie

Sex Differences in Cancer Immunotherapy-Clinical Evidence and Mechanisms With a Focus on NSCLC.

Accumulating evidence suggests that the immune system shows subtle but relevant differences between men and women. These differences may have an impact on cancer development and TME composition as well as responses to and adverse events elicited by immunotherapies. Several, albeit not all, clinical trials indicate a greater benefit from mono-immunotherapies over chemotherapies for male patients than for female patients, especially in non-small cell lung cancer and melanoma. Vice versa, female patients might benefit more from chemo-immunotherapies. In human as well as animal models, sex differe