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Hepatic paraoxonase activity alterations and free radical production in rats with experimental cirrhosis.

Relationships between hepatic antioxidant paraoxonase (PON1) activity, lipid peroxidation, and liver injury were investigated in rats with CCl(4)-induced cirrhosis. The study was performed in 60 CCl(4)-treated rats and 60 control animals receiving a standard diet or one supplemented with zinc. Subsets of 10 animals each were killed at weeks 1, 5, and 7 of the study. Results showed that PON1 significantly decreased in rats given CCl(4) alone compared with control animals. This effect was partially reversed in animals receiving zinc. Conversely, lipid peroxides were significantly increased in ra…

Diquat-induced oxidative damage in hepatic microsomes: effects of antioxidants.

The ability of the redox cycling compound, diquat, to induce lipid peroxidation and oxidative damage was investigated using hepatic microsomes. Antioxidants, with demonstrated efficacy in physical models of oxidative stress, were examined in a diquat model. Diquat (10 microM-3 mM) induced lipid peroxidation (TBARS) in hepatic microsomes prepared from Fischer 344 rats. Diquat (1 mM) also increased protein carbonyl formation, NADPH oxidation and superoxide anion radical production (acetylated cytochrome c reduction). The novel antioxidants U-74,006F, U-78,517G and the known antioxidant, DPPD, de…

Acrolein-induced oxidative and nitrosative stress and its impact on respiratory mechanics in mice assessed using the forced oscillation technique.

Acrolein exposure in the lung was studied to determine the effect of acrolein on airway responsiveness and pulmonary mechanics, as measured … kg, with FOT and NPFE assessments made 48 hr post-acrolein administration. Our results suggest that lipid peroxidation may be a primary factor in the observed attenuated response of resistance of the respiratory system (Rrs) to MCh (25 % decrease), potentially due to the alteration of the lipid bilayer that contains the transmembrane muscarinic receptors that respon …

Descriptive oxidative and lipid-related fluorescence observations associated with Esketamine treatment in a high-concentration NMDA-exposed HT-22/C8-D1A co-culture model.

BACKGROUND: In HT-22 cells, 500 μM NMDA was used as a high-concentration oxidative stressor rather than a classical NMDA receptor-mediated excitotoxic stimulus. Because HT-22 cells lack functional ionotropic NMDA receptors, this model cannot test NMDA receptor antagonist-mediated pharmacology. METHODS: HT-22 cells and C8-D1A astrocytes were examined in a Transwell co-culture system. CCK-8 viability readout, ApoE Western blot signal, lipid peroxidation, BODIPY C12-associated fluorescence, TOMM20-region BODIPY C12 fluorescence, and MitoSOX fluorescence were assessed. RESULTS: NMDA exposure was…

Mitochondrial superoxide regulates nuclear envelope integrity and ageing via redox-mediated lipid metabolism.

The nuclear envelope (NE) is essential for cellular homeostasis, yet its integrity declines with age, accelerating functional deterioration. … nsaturated fatty acid biosynthesis. The resulting reduction in unsaturated fatty acid levels limits lipid peroxidation, thereby preserving NE structure. Interventions targeting lipid peroxidation preserve NE integrity, extend lifespan in worms and ameliorate senescence-associated phenotypes in human fibroblasts and monkey cells mimicking Hutchinson-Gilford progeria …

Ferroptosis at the crossroads of epilepsy and neurodegeneration.

Ferroptosis, an iron-dependent form of regulated cell death characterized by lipid peroxidation, has emerged as a potential contributor to neuronal injury across neurological disorders. Increasing evidence suggests that ferroptotic mechanisms may participate in the pathophysiology of epilepsy, linking sustained oxidative stress, iron dysregulation, and progressive neuronal loss. Mechanistically, ferroptosis is driven by disruption of the canonical system Xc--glutathione-glutathione peroxidase 4 axis, resulting in impaired detoxification of lipid hydroperoxides and membrane damage accumulation.…

Biomarkers of oxidative stress study III. Effects of the nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory agents indomethacin and meclofenamic acid on measurements of oxidative products of lipids in CCl4 poisoning.

Plasma and urinary levels of malondialdehyde-like products (MDA) and isoprostanes were identified as markers of in vivo lipid peroxidation in an animal model of CCl4 poisoning. We sought to determine the extent to which the formation of these oxidation products is influenced by inhibition of the cyclooxygenase enzymes which catalytically generate proinflammatory lipid peroxidation products known as prostaglandins and thromboxane. In the present studies, after induction of oxidant stress in rats with CCl4, lipid peroxidation products measured in plasma and urine demonstrate that isoprostanes an…

The preventive inhibition of chondroitin sulfate against the CCl4-induced oxidative stress of subcellular level.

Our work in this study was made in the microsomal fraction to evaluate the lipid peroxidation by measuring superoxide dismutase (SOD), catalase (CAT), glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and malondialdehyde (MDA) and to elucidate the preventive role of CS in the CCl4-induced oxidative stress. The excessive lipid peroxidation by free radicals derived from CCl4 leads to the condition of oxidative stress which results in the accumulation of MDA. MDA is one of the end-products in the lipid peroxidation process and oxidative stress. MDA, lipid peroxide, produced in this oxidative stress causes various di…

Amyloid-β aggregates induce vasculopathy via ferroptosis in brain endothelial cells.

Amyloid-β (Aβ) plaque is the defining pathological feature of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and a target of various therapeutic agents for affected patients. Recent studies have demonstrated the dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) in AD; however, how Aβ plaque induces BBB dysfunction, particularly in brain endothelial cells (ECs), remains elusive. This study investigates the lipid peroxidation-mediated ferroptosis pathway induced by Aβ via conducting RNA sequencing, phosphorylation analysis, metabolite analysis, western blotting, and immunofluorescent staining both in vitro and in vivo. He…

Comparison of nitric oxide-releasing NSAID and vitamin C with classic NSAID in healing of chronic gastric ulcers; involvement of reactive oxygen species.

BACKGROUND: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs such as aspirin (ASA) are known to induce gastric mucosal damage including bleeding, ulceration and perforation in humans and experimental animals. These adverse effects of ASA were originally attributed to the inhibition of cyclooxygenase and the deficiency of endogenous prostaglandins induced by this drug but the role of reactive oxygen species (ROS), lipid peroxidation and antioxidizing mechanism in the pathogenesis of ASA damage has been little studied. New class of nitric oxide (NO)-releasing nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs was shown t…

Postulated carbon tetrachloride mode of action: a review.

Under the 2005 U.S. EPA Guidelines for Carcinogen Risk Assessment (1), evaluations of carcinogens rely on mode of action data to better info … omolecules, with preference for fatty acids from membrane phospholipids. The free radicals initiate lipid peroxidation by attacking polyunsaturated fatty acids in membranes, setting off a free radical chain reaction sequence. Lipid peroxidation is known to cause membrane disruption, resulting in the loss of membrane integrity and leakage of microsomal enzymes. By-pr …

Modulation of Ferroptosis During Early Mycobacterium tuberculosis Infection Contributes to Beijing Lineage Strain SA161 Virulence.

Although spread of internalized Mtb from the initial infected alveolar macrophages (AMs) is a crucial determinant of infection outcomes, the role of cell death in facilitating this spread, and how it is regulated by Mtb remains poorly understood. Ferroptosis, a lipid peroxidation-mediated form of necrotic cell death, contributes to pathology during later stages of infection. However, the role of ferroptosis in early AM cell death remains inadequately defined, and its induction during infection has been primarily studied with the laboratory strain, H37Rv. Using gene set variation analysis of si…

Anti-HIV drugs promote β-amyloid deposition and impair learning and memory in BALB/c mice.

OBJECTIVES: Growing evidence suggested that antiretroviral (ARV) drugs may promote amyloid beta (Aβ) accumulation in HIV-1-infected brain and the persistence of HIV-associated neurocognitive disorders (HANDs). It has also been shown that lipid peroxidation upregulates β-site amyloid precursor protein (APP) cleaving enzyme 1 (BACE1) expression and subsequently promotes Aβ peptide production. In the present study, we examined whether chronic exposure to the anti-HIV drugs tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) and nevirapine induces lipid peroxidation thereby promoting BACE1 and Aβ generation and c…

The novel PPAR α/γ dual agonist MHY 966 modulates UVB-induced skin inflammation by inhibiting NF-κB activity.

Ultraviolet B (UVB; 290~320nm) irradiation-induced lipid peroxidation induces inflammatory responses that lead to skin wrinkle formation and epidermal thickening. Peroxisome proliferator-activated receptor (PPAR) α/γ dual agonists have the potential to be used as anti-wrinkle agents because they inhibit inflammatory response and lipid peroxidation. In this study, we evaluated the function of 2-bromo-4-(5-chloro-benzo[d]thiazol-2-yl) phenol (MHY 966), a novel synthetic PPAR α/γ dual agonist, and investigated its anti-inflammatory and anti-lipid peroxidation effects. The action of MHY 966 as a P…

Liproxstatin-1 improves functional recovery after acute spinal cord injury by inhibiting ferroptosis-induced inflammation.

Ferroptosis, a regulated form of cell death mediated by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation, is implicated in the secondary phase of acute spinal cord injury (ASCI). However, its specific molecular network and interaction with inflammatory processes within the ASCI context remain elusive. We investigated the ferroptosis inhibitor Liproxstatin-1 in a rat T10 contusion model. Post-injury Liproxstatin-1 treatment was evaluated using behavioral assessments, histology, transcriptomics, and biochemical assays. ASCI triggered widespread transcriptomic changes, including altered expression of ferroptosi…

Оценка уровней мальондиальдегида, окисляющего стресса и взаимодействия между хостингом и бактерией: Эшерития коли и Салмонелла Дерби.

Для изучения бактериальных процессов пероксидации липидов используются либо экстракты, либо суспензии без клеток, либо бактериальные суспензии. Наряду с газовой хроматографией - спектрометрией массы, жидкой хроматографией - спектрометрией массы, а также рядом других стратегий для определения малондиалдегида (МДА) и колориметрического обнаружения пероксидации липидов используется испытание тиобарбитуричной кислоты. Цель нынешнего исследования заключалась в оценке уровней процессов пероксидации липидов в суспензиях, экстрактах и культурных супернатантах штаммов Escherichia coli и Salmonella Дерб

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Either extracts, cell-free suspensions or bacterial suspensions are used to study bacterial lipid peroxidation processes. Along with gas chromatography-mass spectrometry, liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry, and several other strategies, the thiobarbituric acid test is used for the determination of malondialdehyde (MDA) as the basis for the commercial te…

Phospholipid peroxidation as a factor in gallstone pathogenesis.

Phospholipid peroxidation markedly reduces the stability of mixed micellar systems composed of cholate, phosphatidylcholine and supersaturating levels of cholesterol. This suggests that lipid peroxidation is likely to play a significant role in the precipitation of cholesterol from gallbladder bile, thus in the pathogenesis of cholesterol gallstones. This conclusion is supported by studies of the nucleation time of cholesterol in gallbladder biles, which was significantly reduced by exposure to a stream of oxygen. This effect of phospholipid peroxidation on cholesterol solubility may occur in …

Antioxidant activity of extract from Polygonum aviculare L.

Free radicals induce numerous diseases by lipid peroxidation, protein peroxidation, and DNA damage. It has been reported that numerous plant extracts have antioxidant activities to scavenge free radicals. Whether Polygonum aviculare L. (Polygonaceae) has antioxidant activity is unknown. In this study, dried Polygonum aviculare L. was extracted by ethanol, and the extract was lyophilized. The antioxidant activities of extract powder were examined by free radical scavenging assays, superoxide radical scavenging assays, lipid peroxidation assays and hydroxyl radical-induced DNA strand scission as…

The Role of Ferroptosis Induced by Iron Overload in Osteoblast and Osteoclast Function.

Iron overload disrupts bone homeostasis by suppressing osteoblast survival and mineralization, while promoting osteoclastogenesis. As a programmed cell death driven by iron-dependent lipid peroxidation and glutathione peroxidase 4 (GPX4) downregulation. This study investigated the role of ferroptosis in bone cells under iron overload. Exposure to ferric ammonium citrate (FAC) led to decreased osteoblast viability, downregulation of GPX4 and nuclear factor erythroid 2-related factor 2 (Nrf2) protein expression and osteoblastic markers. It also increased ROS production and lipid peroxidation in …

Redox-active metals and oxidative stress-mediated myopathies in Callinectes amnicola, blue crab populations from impacted sites of the Lagos Lagoon: inferences for adverse ecological outcomes.

While oxidative stress pathways are associated with a wide variety of tissue pathologies, its applications for evaluating and discerning ecological risks are limited. This study seeks to associate trends of lipid peroxidation and oxidative stress to risks of muscle pathologies in blue crabs inhabiting regions of the Lagos Lagoon. Crab samples (n = 520) were selected from pollution-impacted sites of the lagoon at Iddo, Ajah, Okobaba, Makoko, and the mid-lagoon area (control site). Antioxidant enzyme capacity, i.e., superoxide dismutase, catalase, glutathione peroxidase (GPx), and glutathione-S-…