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Serum Vitamins and Minerals at Diagnosis and Follow-up in Children With Celiac Disease.

OBJECTIVES: Children with celiac disease (CD) may experience deficiencies of several micronutrients. The objectives of the present study were to determine the prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies in children with CD at diagnosis, 6 months, and 18 months after the start of a gluten-free diet (GFD), and examine any correlation between micronutrient deficiencies, serum tissue transglutaminase (TtG) immunoglobulin A (IgA) antibody titers, and the degree of mucosal damage at diagnosis. METHODS: Children (<17 years) with CD had their serum vitamins, minerals, and anti-TtG IgA antibodies measure…

Nutrient deficiencies prior to bariatric surgery.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The purpose of this review is to provide an update of recent additions to our understanding of the prevalence of nutrient … ntified. In the only studies that have evaluated dietary intake of total energy, macronutrients and micronutrients preoperatively, despite an excess of calories ingested, micronutrient intake tends to be lower than recommended. SUMMARY: A high prevalence of micronutrient deficiencies, especially vitamin D, folate, B12 and iron, is present in obese individuals b …

The association between third trimester multivitamin/mineral supplements and gestational length in uncomplicated pregnancies.

BACKGROUND: Widespread use of maternal micronutrient supplements have been correlated to gestational length and outcome in women predisposed … nts in addition to multivitamins experienced a longer gestation at term compared to women taking no micronutrients, increasing their risk for postdates induction of labour.

Vitamin Insufficiency After Esophagogastric Surgery and Targeted Supplementation: A Multicenter Prospective Intervention Study Named the VITAMIN Study.

BACKGROUND/AIM: Guidelines on screening for pre or postoperative micronutrients are currently lacking for patients diagnosed with gastric or esophageal cancer. this study aimed to identify micronutrient deficiencies after surgery for esophagogastric neoplasms and to evaluate changes in micronutrient status during targeted supplementation. METHODS: This was a non-randomized prospective intervention trial conducted in The Netherlands between December 2021 and December 2024. Patients who underwent esophagectomy or (sub)total gastrectomy were included. At baseline (T0), blood measurement prior to…

Bioavailability of oral vitamins, minerals, and trace elements in perspective.

Bioavailability of orally administered vitamins, minerals, and trace elements is subject to a complex set of influences. Still, administrative regulation is necessary on how to quantify it. The most common approach to this problem is to determine the fraction of an oral dose that reaches the systemic circulation. For micronutrients, however, this approach has to consider the physiological plasma concentration as well as the mechanisms that regulate intestinal absorption and distribution of micronutrients between functional and storage compartments in response to the demand. The rate of exchang…

Systematic review with dose-response meta-analyses between vitamin B-12 intake and European Micronutrient Recommendations Aligned's prioritized biomarkers of vitamin B-12 including randomized controlled trials and observational studies in adults and elderly persons.

BACKGROUND: Many randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and observational studies have provided information on the association between vitamin B-12 intake and biomarkers. The use of these data to estimate dose-response relations provides a useful means to summarize the body of evidence. OBJECTIVE: We systematically reviewed studies that investigated vitamin B-12 intake and biomarkers of vitamin B-12 status and estimated dose-response relations with the use of a meta-analysis. DESIGN: This systematic review included all RCTs, prospective cohort studies, nested case-control studies, and cross-sec

Associations of Dietary Antioxidants with Glycated Hemoglobin and Insulin Sensitivity in Adults with and without Type 1 Diabetes.

Type 1 diabetes (T1D) has been associated with increased risks of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, and poor glycemic control and oxidative stress play a major role in its pathology. There is a lack of data on the role of dietary antioxidant micronutrients, including vitamins and trace elements, in glycemic control in T1D. The aim of this study is to examine associations of dietary intakes of micronutrients with glycemic status. We report data from a cross-sectional analysis from the coronary artery calcification in type 1 diabetes (CACTI) study (n = 1257; T1D: n = 568; nondiabetic contr…

Melatonin-micronutrients Osteopenia Treatment Study (MOTS): a translational study assessing melatonin, strontium (citrate), vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 (MK7) on bone density, bone marker turnover and health related quality of life in postmenopausal osteopenic women following a one-year double-blind RCT and on osteoblast-osteoclast co-cultures.

This one-year double blind randomized control trial assessed the effects of nightly melatonin, strontium (citrate), vitamin D3 and vitamin K2 (MK7; MSDK) on bone mineral density (BMD) and quality of life (QOL) in postmenopausal osteopenic women (ages 49-75). Compared to placebo, MSDK treatment increased BMD in lumbar spine (4.3%) and left femoral neck (2.2%), with an upward trend for total left hip (p=0.069). MSDK increased serum P1NP levels and reduced bone turnover (CTx:P1NP). Psychometric analyses indicated that mood and sleep quality improved for the MSDK group. MSDK-exposed human mesenchy

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… In the Melatonin-micronutrients Osteopenia Treatment Study (MOTS; NCT01870115 ), we examined whether melatonin added in combination with three other natural bone-protective micronutrients: strontium (citrate), vitamins D 3 and K 2 (MSDK) could improve bone health without affecting or even improving health … Limitations to this study include low number of subjects, lack of a diverse cohort and lack of different micronutrient combinations on primary and secondary endpoints in MOTS clinical trial. …

The Impact of Nutritional Components on Periodontal Health: A Literature Review.

Periodontitis is a chronic inflammatory disease driven by the accumulation of bacterial plaque and the host's immune response, leading to the destruction of periodontal tissues. Nutrition, particularly the intake of micronutrients with anti-inflammatory and antioxidant properties, plays a crucial role in maintaining periodontal health. This review explores the impact of various micronutrients-vitamins (A, B, C, D, E), minerals (calcium, iron, zinc, potassium, copper, manganese, selenium), and omega-3 fatty acids-on periodontal disease prevention and management. Deficiencies in these nutrients …

Genotype-specific responses of common bean to water deficit: mitigation by foliar-applied Fe, Zn, and Mn.

Common bean productivity in arid and semi-arid regions is frequently constrained by water deficit and micronutrient limitations. This study … gation (F100%), moderate deficit (D80%), and severe deficit (D70%)] as subplots, and foliar-applied micronutrients (Fe, Zn, and Mn at three rates) as sub-subplots. Measurements at mid- and late-growth stages included chlorophyll content, antioxidant enzyme activity, leaf micronutrient concentrations, growth traits, grain quality, yield, and water productivity. G …

Vitamins and Minerals in Inflammatory Bowel Disease.

Indiscriminate use of multivitamin/mineral supplements in the general population may be misguided, but patients with chronic Inflammatory Bowel Diseases (IBD) should be monitored and compensated for nutritional deficiencies. Mechanistic links between vitamin/mineral deficiencies and IBD pathology has been found for some micronutrients and normalizing their levels is clinically beneficial. Others, like vitamin A, although instinctively desirable, produced disappointing results. Restoring normal levels of the selected micronutrients requires elevated doses to compensate for defects in absorptive…

Market-driven fortification of vitamins and minerals in packaged foods targeted at children in Brazil.

This study aimed to characterise the market-driven fortification of vitamins and minerals in packaged foods targeted at children in Brazil. We analysed 535 food labels using data collected in a census-type method (n = 5620) of food labels in a Brazilian supermarket in 2013. Micronutrients declared in nutrition claims and the ingredients list (synthetic compounds) were considered to be added for commercial purposes. Analysis of the ingredients list and nutrition claims showed that market-driven fortification of vitamins and minerals was present in 27.1% of foods. The main vitamins and minerals …

The Role of Diet and Supplementation of Natural Products in COVID-19 Prevention.

Recently, a discussion has begun on the global management strategy against COVID-19 based on the hypothesis that individuals' macro- and micronutrient status combined with antiviral drugs and herbs can be an ally against the infection. The hypothesis is that people's nutritional and oxidative scavenging capacity may provide fundamental data to predict severe and acute pulmonary distress following SARS-Cov2 infection. Consequently, the scientific community has addressed the role of balanced diets, nutritional supplements, and micronutrients, including folk herbal formulations, in reducing hospi…

A network analysis of cofactor-protein interactions for analyzing associations between human nutrition and diseases.

The involvement of vitamins and other micronutrients in intermediary metabolism was elucidated in the mid 1900's at the level of individual biochemical reactions. Biochemical pathways remain the foundational knowledgebase for understanding how micronutrient adequacy modulates health in all life stages. Current daily recommended intakes were usually established on the basis of the association of a single nutrient to a single, most sensitive adverse effect and thus neglect interdependent and pleiotropic effects of micronutrients on biological systems. Hence, the understanding of the impact of ov…

Vitamin and trace element status and growth in children with short bowel syndrome being weaned off parenteral nutrition.

OBJECTIVES: Children with short bowel syndrome (SBS) are at increased risk of micronutrient deficiencies. We aimed to study weaning off pare … min B12, 25% for selenium, 19% for copper, 24% for zinc, and 11% for vitamin E. For all the studied micronutrients, 3 months before to 1 month postweaning had the highest rate of micronutrient deficiencies, except for vitamin B12, for which the highest proportion of deficiencies presented at 1-6 months postweaning. CONCLUSIONS: The weaning period from PN is a r …

Malnutrition in obesity before and after bariatric surgery.

Bariatric surgeries are considered the only effective way of weight loss therapy in morbidly obese patients, i.e. body mass index ≥ 35. Howe … ery individuals. We also aimed to summarize the data on screening and supplementation of macro- and micronutrients before and after bariatric surgeries.

[Vitamin A deficiency and clinical associations: a review].

An important focus of attention in Public Health has been micronutrient deficiency in human being because of the enhanced vulnerability of individuals to the effects of micronutrient deficiency or imbalance. Among all micronutrients deficiencies, vitamin A has been one of the most important public health problems, affecting a large percentage of people in developing countries. Vitamin A is particularly important for its role in the process of organism defense against infections. This article reviews comprehensively vitamin A metabolism, it highlights hypovitaminosis A relationship with pregnan…

Late-onset copper and zinc deficiency following Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB): A case report and review of the literature.

Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (RYGB) surgery is a highly effective technique for treating obesity. However, it may result in nutritional deficiencies. Here we report the case of a 55-year-old woman presenting with chronic diarrhea lasting 2 years, accompanied by lower limb paresthesia, macrocytic anemia, leukopenia, and thrombocytopenia. Her medical history included hypothyroidism treated with levothyroxine, and RYGB surgery performed in 2014, with intermittent micronutrient supplementation. The patient developed copper and zinc deficiencies. To our knowledge, this is the first report of a patient

Nutrients and HIV: part two--vitamins A and E, zinc, B-vitamins, and magnesium.

There is compelling evidence that micronutrient deficiencies can profoundly affect immunity; micronutrient deficiencies are widely seen in H … disease manifestation (AIDS dementia complex and B12; diarrhea, weight loss, and zinc), and certain micronutrients have demonstrated a direct anti-viral effect in vitro (vitamin E and zinc). The previous article in this series focused on selenium and beta carotene deficiencies in HIV/AIDS. This literature review elucidates how deficiencies of the micronutrients …

Potential protective role of vitamin C in peripheral artery disease: A Mendelian randomization and NHANES analysis.

Although numerous studies have investigated the associations between micronutrients and peripheral artery disease (PAD), most existing evidence is observational and limited by confounding and lack of causal inference. To address these gaps, we combined Mendelian randomization (MR) analysis using genetic data with supportive epidemiologic evidence from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) to examine the relationships between micronutrient status and PAD risk. This study was conducted in 2 phases. First, we used genome-wide association study summary statistics to assess the …