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Emerging B and plasma cell-targeting immune therapies in idiopathic inflammatory myopathies.

Autoantibodies play a crucial role in the diagnosis and clinical characterization of idiopathic inflammatory myopathies (IIM). These antibodies are categorized into myositis-specific autoantibodies (MSAs), which are unique to IIM, and myositis-associated autoantibodies (MAAs), which can be seen with other autoimmune diseases. Both plasmablasts and plasma cells contribute to the production of these autoantibodies. Current B cell-targeted therapies, such as rituximab, have shown promise in refractory IIM, although their limitations - particularly in targeting plasmablasts and plasma cells - high…

Clonal Hematopoietic Mutations in Plasma Cell Disorders: Clinical Subgroups and Shared Pathogenesis.

Plasma cell disorders (PCDs) are marked by the clonal proliferation of abnormal plasma cells and bone marrow plasma cells (BMPCs), causing various clinical complications. These PCDs include subtypes with distinct clinical features. Multiple myeloma (MM) and monoclonal gammopathy of undetermined significance (MGUS) are more common and relatively well-studied. In contrast, primary light-chain amyloidosis (AL) and POEMS syndrome (POEMS) are rare and remain less understood. To investigate the role of clonal hematopoietic (CH) mutations and potential interconnections in these diseases, we sequenced…

Accuracy of plasma cell-free DNA PCR for non-invasive diagnosis of mucormycosis.

Diagnosis of mucormycosis poses a substantial challenge due to the lack of a non-invasive biomarker and limitations of conventional diagnostics using invasive specimens. The aim of this study was to characterize the performance of Mucorales plasma cell-free DNA (cfDNA) PCR in immunosuppressed and non-immunosuppressed patients with pulmonary, disseminated, and localized mucormycosis. Patients with Mucorales plasma cfDNA test results were retrospectively categorized as proven or probable for sensitivity analysis and as no Mucorales infection for specificity analysis. In total, 85 positive and 21

Plasma Zinc and Magnesium Levels in Sickle Cell Disease Patients in Latakia, Syria.

Background Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a serious inherited disorder that affects millions of people worldwide. Zinc and magnesium are essential micronutrients involved in many cellular processes. Several studies have found that their deficiencies are common in SCD patients and may further complicate the disease. This study was conducted to examine plasma levels of zinc and magnesium in a group of SCD patients in Latakia. Methods A total of 85 SCD patients (52 males and 33 females) with both sickle cell anemia (HbSS) and hemoglobin sickle-beta-thalassemia (Hb S/β-Thal) genotypes at the steady

[Plasma cell leukemia: new diagnostic and therapeutic perspectives (about five cases)].

In 2024, mpox was declared a public health emergency. Several response measures have since been implemented by health authorities in the affected countries to control the outbreak. Our perspective was triggered by an article in the special issue on the surge of mpox in Africa that highlighted rashless or non-exanthematous presentations of mpox in Nigeria. Although these have been previously highlighted, especially during the global outbreak in 2022, the contribution of these factors to the general outbreak dynamics remains poorly understood. We reflect on the possible implications of this outb

Plasma Cell Predominance in Lichen Planus Pigmentosus: A Rare Case in a Young Female.

Lichen planus pigmentosus (LPP), a rare variant of lichen planus, characterized by the insidious onset of dark brown to gray macules. In this report, we present a unique case of LPP in a 30-year-old female patient who developed diffuse hyperpigmented macules with nail dystrophy. Notably, histopathology revealed classic lichenoid interface dermatitis with predominant plasma cell infiltration in the papillary dermis, confirmed by strong CD38 and CD138 immunoreactivity. Laboratory evaluation revealed elevated serum Kappa light chain and thyroid stimulating hormone levels, raising the possibility

circIARS: a potential plasma biomarker for diagnosing non-small cell lung cancer.

Non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) is one of the most prevalent cancers in the world, and early diagnosis can effectively improve patient survival. Here, differentially expressed circIARS genes are screened from the sequencing results, and their molecular characteristics are examined by Sanger sequencing, RNase R assay, agarose gel electrophoresis (AGE), and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH). Real-time fluorescence quantitative polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) is performed to detect the expression level of circIARS. The diagnostic value of the signature is analyzed using a subject o

Targeting cholangiocarcinoma cells by cold piezoelectric plasmas: in vitro efficacy and cellular mechanisms.

Cold piezoelectric plasma (CPP) is a novel approach in cancer therapy, enabling the development of portable treatment devices capable of triggering cancer cell death. While its effectiveness remains underexplored, this research focuses on its application against cholangiocarcinoma (CCA), an aggressive cancer of the biliary tract. A CPP device is utilized to generate either a corona discharge (Pz-CD) or a dielectric barrier discharge (Pz-DBD) for in vitro experiments. Notably, Pz-CD can deliver more power than Pz-DBD, although both sources produce significant levels of reactive species in plasm

Cutaneous Plasmacytosis: A Rare Dermatological Condition Mimicking Systemic Plasma Cell Disorders.

Cutaneous plasmacytosis (CP) is a rare condition characterized by benign proliferation of mature plasma cells in the skin. It presents as reddish-brown macules, papules, or plaques, typically located on the neck, face, and trunk. The etiology remains unknown, though it is believed to be reactive rather than malignant. CP can occasionally become systemic, affecting two or more extracutaneous organs. This report describes a 54-year-old Caucasian male patient with erythematous, scaly plaques on his lower back and arms. Histopathology revealed a dense polyclonal plasma cell infiltrate with a predo…

Plasma Cell-Free Tumor Methylome as a Biomarker in Solid Tumors: Biology and Applications.

DNA methylation is a fundamental mechanism of epigenetic control in cells and its dysregulation is strongly implicated in cancer development. Cancers possess an extensively hypomethylated genome with focal regions of hypermethylation at CPG islands. Due to the highly conserved nature of cancer-specific methylation, its detection in cell-free DNA in plasma using liquid biopsies constitutes an area of interest in biomarker research. The advent of next-generation sequencing and newer computational technologies have allowed for the development of diagnostic and prognostic biomarkers that utilize m

Cell Line and Media Composition Influence the Production of Giant Plasma Membrane Vesicles.

Giant plasma membrane vesicles (GPMVs) have been utilized as a model to study phase separation in the plasma membrane. Additionally, GPMVs have been employed as vehicle for delivering molecular cargo, including small molecule drugs and nanoparticles. Nearly all examples of GPMV production use a defined salt buffer that is a stark contrast to typical cell culture medium. In this study, we demonstrate that the addition of formaldehyde and dithiothreitol to a standard culture medium was capable of generating GPMVs at a concentration equal to or higher than the traditional production buffer. These

Emerging Role of Plasma Microbial Cell-free DNA in the Diagnosis of Pediatric Mucormycosis.

Mucormycosis is a rare and devastating angioinvasive infection that can be challenging to diagnose due to the low sensitivity of current noninvasive diagnostics and the lack of a "gold standard" reference test. We describe a retrospective case series of children with suspected mucormycosis where plasma microbial cell-free DNA testing was utilized in the diagnostic evaluation to illustrate the ways in which microbial cell-free DNA testing can noninvasively contribute to the evaluation and management of at-risk, immunosuppressed patients suspected of mucormycosis.

Дело Plasma Cell Leukemia Arising De Novo: Редкое и смертельное заболевание.

Плазменная лейкемия (ПХЛ) является агрессивной формой множественной миэломы, характеризующейся растущим количеством циркулирующих плазменных клеток в периферической (циркуляционной) крови. Первичный ПХЛ (PPCL) представляет собой одну из форм моноклонной гаммопатии, которая является наиболее острой при высоком уровне смертности. С учетом ожидаемых изменений в клинических критериях диагностики его распространенность будет возрастать. Мы приводим пример для того, чтобы помочь более глубоко понять это заболевание и предлагаемые изменения критериев, поскольку потребуются дополнительные исследования

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Plasma cell leukemia (PCL) is an aggressive form of multiple myeloma characterized by an increasing number of circulating plasma cells in the peripheral (circulating) blood. Primary PCL (pPCL) is the form of monoclonal gammopathy that is the most severe with a high mortality rate. Its incidence will be increasing, given the expected changes in clinical crite…

Plasma Microbial Cell-free DNA Sequencing for Diagnosis of Pediatric Lyme Disease.

We conducted an exploratory study of plasma microbial cell-free DNA sequencing for the diagnosis of Lyme disease among pediatric patients. Low levels of Borrelia burgdorferi microbial cell-free DNA (<3-5 molecules per microliter) were observed in 6/9 serologically confirmed participants, including 4/5 with arthritis and 2/3 with multiple erythema migrans.

"Plasma cell gingivitis" encompasses multiple entities: a retrospective series of 37 cases.

BACKGROUND: Plasma cell gingivitis is defined as gingival inflammation comprised of plasma cell infiltrates. This diagnostic criterion is non-specific and underlying mechanisms remain unknown. OBJECTIVES: We performed a multidisciplinary clinico-pathological review of cases previously identified as "gingivitis with plasma cell infiltrates", with assessment of putative contributing factors and critical appraisal of the final diagnosis. MATERIALS & METHODS: Cases previously identified as "gingivitis with plasma cell infiltrates" between 2000 and 2020 were included from archives from the GEMUB

Epigenetic phenotype of plasma cell-free DNA in the prediction of early-onset preeclampsia.

BACKGROUND: In the current study, we sought to characterise the methylation haplotypes and nucleosome positioning patterns of placental DNA and plasma cell-free DNA of pregnant women with early-onset preeclampsia using whole genome bisulphite sequencing (WGBS) and methylation capture bisulphite sequencing (MCBS) and further develop and examine the diagnostic performance of a generalised linear model (GLM) by incorporating the epigenetic features for early-onset preeclampsia. METHODS: This case-control study recruited pregnant women aged at least 18 years who delivered their babies at our Hosp

Solitary ovarian plasmacytoma: About a rare entity of extramedullary plasma cell tumor.

INTRODUCTION: Solitary ovarian plasmacytoma is a rare form of extramedullary plasmacytic tumor that develops outside the bone marrow. PRESENTATION OF CASE: We report the case of a 52-year-old female patient who consulted for pelvic pain and abdominal distension. Clinical examination revealed an abdominopelvic mass and a pelvic MRI confirmed a right ovarian mass. The diagnosis of ovarian plasmacytoma was made after exploratory laparotomy. DISCUSSION: Extramedullary plasmacytoma (EMP) is rare and most often found in the upper aerodigestive tract, ovarian localization is exceptional. Histologic

Plasma Cell Gingivitis Treated with Photobiomodulation, with No Recurrence for a Five-Year Follow-Up.

INTRODUCTION: Plasma cell gingivitis (PCG) is a chronic inflammatory disease usually affecting the vestibular portion of the gingival mucosa. Clinical presentation is marked by erythematous macules of intense red color, confluent, and delimited from the healthy neighboring mucosa. Generally asymptomatic, the gum lesions sometimes are accompanied by burning sensations and a sense of local tension. Recommended treatment is the use of topical steroids, but with apparent initial healing that is not stable over time. The present case report concerns a patient diagnosed with PCG in November 2017, wi