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Diffuse alopecia in a child due to dietary zinc deficiency.

A 4-year-old girl was evaluated for hair loss of a few weeks' duration. History of the present illness, medical history, and review of syste … ction test results were normal and levels of vitamins A and D were also normal. Low levels of serum zinc were measured repeatedly at 48 and 61 microg/dL (reference, 66-144 microg/dL) at 2 different laboratories. She was started on zinc supplement (50 mg daily) for 6 months and her diet was modified. The hair loss stopped in 3 weeks. Follow-up in 4 mont …

The mechanisms of action of nicotinamide and zinc in inflammatory skin disease.

Nicotinamide (niacinamide), a physiologically active form of niacin (nicotinic acid), in combination with zinc is being assessed in clinical studies for the treatment of inflammatory skin diseases such as acne vulgaris and bullous pemphigoid. The basis for these investigations is the variety of potential mechanisms of action of nicotinamide and zinc, including an anti-inflammatory effect via inhibition of leukocyte chemotaxis, lysosomal enzyme release, lymphocytic transformation, mast cell degranulation, bacteriostatic effect against Propionibacterium acnes, inhibition of vasoactive amines, pr…

Inflammation, genes and zinc in ageing and age-related diseases.

Lifelong antigenic burden determines a condition of chronic inflammation, with increased lymphocyte activation and pro-inflammatory cytokine production. A large number of studies have documented changes in Zn metabolism in experimental animal models of acute and chronic inflammation and in human chronic inflammatory diseases. In particular, modification of zinc plasma concentration as well as intracellular disturbance of antioxidant intracellular pathways have been found associated to age-related inflammatory diseases, like atherosclerosis. Zinc deficiency is extremely diffused in aged people …

Levels of zinc, iron, and copper in patients with pseudoexfoliative cataract.

PURPOSE: To investigate the aqueous humor, lens, and serum concentrations of zinc, iron, and copper in patients with pseudoexfoliative cataract and compare with patients who have senile cataract without pseudoexfoliation. METHODS: Twenty-five patients with pseudoexfoliative cataract and 25 patients with senile cataract as control group were enrolled in the study. Samples from aqueous humor, serum, and lens materials during extracapsular cataract extraction (ECCE) were collected from all patients. The levels of selected trace elements in three samples in all groups were assayed with atomic abs…

Zinc gluconate in the treatment of dysgeusia--a randomized clinical trial.

In the treatment of dysgeusia, the use of zinc has been frequently tried, with equivocal results. The aim of the present randomized clinical trial, which involved a sufficiently large sample, was therefore to determine the efficacy of zinc treatment. Fifty patients with idiopathic dysgeusia were carefully selected. Zinc gluconate (140 mg/day; n=26) or placebo (lactose; n=24) was randomly assigned to the patients. The patients on zinc improved in terms of gustatory function (p <0.001) and rated the dysgeusia as being less severe (p <0.05). Similarly, signs of depression in the zinc group were l…

The effect of zinc sulphate in the prevention of radiation-induced dermatitis.

There is currently substantial clinical interest in zinc (Zn) as a protective agent against radiation-related normal tissue injury. To further assess this drug's potential, the effect of Zn was studied in rats using a radiation-induced skin injury model. Sprague-Dawley rats were divided into four groups. Group 1 received neither Zn nor irradiation (control group). Group 2 received 30 Gy of gamma irradiation as a single dose to the right hind legs of the rats (RT Group). Groups 3 and 4 received the same irradiation plus 5 mg/kg/day Zn (RT+5 Zn group) or 10 mg/kg/day Zn orally (RT+10 Zn group), …

[Clinical study of zinc for the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis].

OBJECTIVE: To study the efficacy of biological organic zinc in the treatment of chronic bacterial prostatitis (CBP). METHODS: Sixty-one CBP patients were randomized into two groups: Group A (39 cases) was supplemented with organic zinc after routine antibiotic treatment, Group B (22 cases) was given routine antibiotic treatment only. NIH-CPIS (including pain, urinary symptoms, quality of life) and urodynamic indexes were used to evaluate the efficacy of biological organic zinc in the treatment of CBP. RESULTS: The NIH-CPIS (including pain, urinary symptoms, quality of life) and the maximum u…

Resorption of the element zinc from spermatozoa by the epididymal epithelium.

BACKGROUND: Periodontitis is a common oral inflammation, which is a risk factor for adverse pregnancy outcomes. Intakes of vitamin D and calcium are inversely associated with occurrence and progression of periodontitis. This study aims to assess the feasibility of a multi-component intervention, including provision of milk powder supplemented with calcium and vitamin D and periodontal therapy (PT), for improving maternal periodontal health and metabolic and inflammatory profiles of low-income Brazilian pregnant women with periodontitis. METHODS: The IMPROVE trial is a feasibility randomised c

[Diagnostic importance of zinc in the etiologic determination of pleural effusions].

Concentration of zinc in blood serum and effusion was determined in 104 patients with the pleural effusion of different etiology. The importance of zinc concentration in serum and effusion was analyzed, as well as their relation regarding the differential diagnosis of pleural effusion. It was established that the isolated zinc concentrations in serum and pleural effusion could not be used separately either in differing transudates from exudates or in the diagnosis of the pleural diseases. The average value of zinc in the pleural effusion in relation to the serum value in patients with tubercul…

Is there a relationship between zinc and the peculiar comorbidities of Down syndrome?

Zinc plays a central role in the immune system and has been found to be significantly reduced in people with Down syndrome. The effectiveness of zinc supplementation in people with Down syndrome has been reported with discordant results. A comparison was made between a range of clinical and biochemical variables and zinc levels in 120 individuals with Down syndrome. Two groups of participants, one with normal zinc levels and the second with low zinc levels, were compared on the following measures: growth hormone secretion, IgA and IgG antigliadin antibodies, presence of coeliac disease, T3, T4…

Обработка вирусных борозд путем внутрилесовой инъекции сульфата цинка.

Цель этого исследования заключалась в проверке эффективности внутрилесовой инъекции 2% цинкового сульфата по сравнению с инъекцией 7% гипертонического хлорида натрия при лечении вирусных бородавок. ПАТИЕНТЫ И МЕТОДЫ: Сто пациентов (53 женщины и 47 мужчин) в возрасте от 4 до 45 лет (Mean+/-SD 19.93+/-7.92) с диагнозом нескольких верука вульгариса (обычные бородавки). Продолжительность вирусных бородавок варьировалась от 0,1 до 17 лет (Mean+/-SD 1.87+/-2.73). В исследование было включено в общей сложности 623 повреждения (Mean+/-SD повреждения, 10,8+/-8,05). Количество обработанных повреждений с

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to verify the efficacy of the intralesional injection of 2% zinc sulphate as compared to an injection of 7% hypertonic sodium chloride solution in the treatment of viral warts. PATIENTS AND METHODS: One hundred patients (53 females and 47 males) aged 4-45 years (mean+/-SD 19.93+/-7.92) and diagnosed with multiple verruc…

Copper and zinc uptake and hsp70 expression in HepG2 cells.

The aim of this work is to study the accumulation in HepG2 cells of two essential metals with toxic potency and to analyse the induction of the heat shock protein 70 kDa (hsp70) consequent to metal exposure. Cu and Zn were the metals considered and were analysed both as single compounds and in combination in order to evidence synergic effects of the mixture. The use of HepG2 cells provided an in vitro system that retains morphological and metabolic properties and the expression of specific genes typical of liver parenchymal cells. Moreover, the hepatic cells represent a suitable model for thei

Oral zinc sulphate in the treatment of acute cutaneous leishmaniasis.

A clinical trial to evaluate the efficiency of oral zinc sulphate in the treatment of cutaneous leishmaniasis was conducted. One-hundred and four patients with parasitologically proven cutaneous leishmaniasis were included in the trial. Patients were assigned randomly to receive 2.5, 5 or 10 mg/kg of zinc sulphate orally, and a control group of patients did not receive any treatment. All patients were followed up for 45 days. At the end of the follow-up period, lesions were assessed and parasitological proof of cure or otherwise was sought. Results showed that the cure rate for the 2.5 mg/kg g…

Autometallography allows ultrastructural monitoring of zinc in the endocrine pancreas.

Zinc is intimately involved in insulin metabolism, its major known role being the binding of insulin in osmotically stable hexamers in beta-cell granules. To investigate the anatomical distribution of zinc ions necessary for insulin binding we examined the rat pancreas by autometallography (AMG). AMG demonstrates chelatable zinc and is a sensitive marker for zinc in vesicles and also a surrogate marker for recently described zinc pumps regulating intravesicular zinc metabolism. Zinc ions were found in alpha- and beta-cell granules, primarily in the periphery of the granules. Only occasionally …

Study of zinc and growth hormone in sickle cell disease.

About 25% of children with sickle cell disease (SCD) have statural deficit and retarded skeletal maturation and pubertal development. These disorders have been attributed to low serum concentrations of zinc. We report the study of serum zinc in 34 patients with SCD, of whom 17 had statural deficit (SCS group) and 17 without growth deficiency (SCN group). They were compared with 20 normal children (N group). GH secretion and thyroid function were investigated in the group with short stature (SCS) in order to rule out GH deficiency and hypothyroidism. The mean serum zinc concentration was 108.45…

Reduced uptake as a mechanism of zinc tolerance in Oscillatoria anguistissima.

Oscillatoria anguistissima could tolerate 50 ppm ZnSO4 x 7H2O, and a zinc-tolerant strain with maximum tolerance concentration (MTC) of 100 ppm ZnSO4 x 7H2O was obtained by stepwise transfer to higher concentrations. The adaptation was irreversible even after three generations in metal-free medium. In the presence of metal, the tolerant strain grew with a shorter lag period of 4 days as against 6 days in the case of the wild strain. The tolerant strain had higher MTC than that of the wild strain for other metals also, viz., Ni2+, Co2+, Cu2+ and Cd2+. The zinc resistance in the tolerant strain …

Zinc in the prevention of Fe2+-initiated lipid and protein oxidation.

In the present study we characterized the capacity of zinc to protect lipids and proteins from Fe2+-initiated oxidative damage. The effects of zinc on lipid oxidation were investigated in liposomes composed of brain phosphatidylcholine (PC) and phosphatidylserine (PS) at a molar relationship of 60:40 (PC:PS, 60:40). Lipid oxidation was evaluated as the oxidation of cis-parinaric acid or as the formation of 2-thiobarbituric acid-reactive substances (TBARS). Zinc protected liposomes from Fe2+ (2.5-50 microM)-supported lipid oxidation. However, zinc (50 microM) did not prevent the oxidative inact…

Prouroguanylin overproduction and localization in the intestine of zinc-deficient rats.

Identification of the upregulation of preprouroguanylin mRNA in the rat small intestine during zinc deficiency provides a potential mechanistic link between production of the intestinal hormone uroguanylin and the diarrhea that may accompany zinc deficiency. In the current study, in situ hybridization demonstrated that the number of preprouroguanylin mRNA-expressing cells was significantly higher in zinc-deficient rats than in zinc-adequate rats. Immunohistochemical studies, with a uroguanylin peptide affinity-purified antibody, demonstrated that immunoreactivity was localized to the tips of v…

The role of zinc in pre- and postnatal mammalian thymic immunohistogenesis.

Mammalian thymic histogenesis can be morphologically divided into three consecutive stages: a) epithelial, b) lymphopoietic or lympho-epithe … ure of the thymic cellular microenvironment, as well as intrathymic lymphopoiesis. The human body's zinc pool undergoes progressive reduction, resulting in low zinc plasma levels and a negative crude zinc balance in older rodents, as well as humans. Previous research suggests that the diminished bioavailability of zinc in older mammals may represent on …

[Influence of insufficient zinc on immune functions in NIDDM patients].

The serum zinc level and immune functions were analyzed in 34 patients with NIDDM before and after the treatment with zinc gluconate supplement during conventional therapy (after the blood glucose level stabilization). The results showed that before treatment the level of serum zinc and red cell C3b receptor rosette(RBCK-C3b RR), T-lymphocyte subgroup CD3, CD4, and CD4/CD8 were decreased(P < 0.01), while CD8, red cell immune complex rosette(RBC-ICR) were increased. After treatment with zinc gluconate for 1 month the serum zinc level, RBC-C3b RR, RBC-ICR, CD3 and CD4/CD8 became normal, CD8 also…