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Antioxidants enhance the recovery of three cycles of bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin-induced testicular dysfunction, pituitary-testicular axis, and fertility in rats.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of an antioxidant cocktail (AC) on bleomycin, etoposide, and cisplatin (BEP)-induced testicular dysfunction. DESIGN: In vivo study. SETTING: Research laboratory. ANIMAL(S): Adult male and female Sprague-Dawley rats. INTERVENTION(S): The rats were treated with three cycles of 21 days each of therapeutically relevant dose levels of BEP (0.75, 7.5, and 1.5 mg/kg) with or without the AC (a mixture of α-tocopherol, L-ascorbic acid, Zn, and Se). MAIN OUTCOME MEASURE(S): Sperm parameters, fertility, serum hormone levels (ELISA), testicular histopathology, an

Effects of two different lipid emulsions on antioxidant status, lipid peroxidation and parenteral nutrition- related cholestasis in premature babies, a randomized-controlled study.

BACKGROUND: Olive oil-soybean oil (OO/SO) based lipid emulsions (LE) lack ω-3 PUFAs eicosapentaenoic acid -EPA and docosahexaenoic acid- DHA, which have clinical benefits on inflammatory processes. Fish oil based LEs are good sources of DHA and EPA. Fish oil, MCT, Olive oil and Soya oil (FMOS) lipid is one of the fish oil containing LEs supplemented with high levels of α-tocopherol and lower levels of phytosterol compared to OO/SO lipid emulsions. We investigated the effects of OO/SO and FMOS lipid preparations on cholestasis, levels of antioxidant enzymes and lipid peroxidation. METHODS: Pre

TBC1D24-TLDc-related epilepsy exercise-induced dystonia: rescue by antioxidants in a disease model.

Genetic mutations in TBC1D24 have been associated with multiple phenotypes, with epilepsy being the main clinical manifestation. The TBC1D24 protein consists of the unique association of a Tre2/Bub2/Cdc16 (TBC) domain and a TBC/lysin motif domain/catalytic (TLDc) domain. More than 50 missense and loss-of-function mutations have been described and are spread over the entire protein. Through whole genome/exome sequencing we identified compound heterozygous mutations, R360H and G501R, within the TLDc domain, in an index family with a Rolandic epilepsy exercise-induced dystonia phenotype (http://o

Pharmacological Treatment of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw (MRONJ) with Pentoxifylline and Tocopherol.

Background: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of pentoxifylline and tocopherol therapy in patients with medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ). Methods: During this study, 43 patients participated, including 21 women and 22 men with a mean age of 66.8 years, who showed 63 areas of osteitis altogether. The diagnosis was made based on X-ray imaging and histopathological findings. All the subjects received pharmacological treatment with pentoxifylline 400 mg and tocopherol 400 IU. The study scheme consisted of initial observation and two follow-up examinations every 5-6 month

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… The best known of these, alpha-tocopherol, is characterized by strong antioxidant properties. … Prolonged alpha-tocopherol deficiency decreases oxidative stress and unmasks alpha-tocopherol-dependent regulation of mitochondrial function in the brain J. Biol. Chem. 2008 283 6915 6924 10.1074/jbc.M702572200 18180306 31. Beth-Tasdogan N.H. Mayer B. Hussein H. Zolk O. Peter J.U. …

Utilization of redox modulating small molecules that selectively act as pro-oxidants in cancer cells to open a therapeutic window for improving cancer therapy.

There is a rapidly growing body of literature supporting the notion that differential oxidative metabolism in cancer versus normal cells represents a metabolic frailty that can be exploited to open a therapeutic window into cancer therapy. These cancer cell-specific metabolic frailties may be amenable to manipulation with non-toxic small molecule redox active compounds traditionally thought to be antioxidants. In this review we describe the potential mechanisms and clinical applicability in cancer therapy of four small molecule redox active agents: melatonin, vitamin E, selenium, and vitamin C

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… The pecking order of free radicals and antioxidants: lipid peroxidation, alpha-tocopherol, and ascorbate. Arch. Biochem. Biophys. 1993 Feb;300(2):535–543. doi: 10.1006/abbi.1993.1074. 95. Fridovich I. The biology of oxygen radicals. … Alpha-tocopherol transfer protein (alpha-TTP): insights from alpha-tocopherol transfer protein knockout mice. Nutr. Res. Pract. 2007;1(4):247–253. doi: 10.4162/nrp.2007.1.4.247. 2007/12/31. 141. Burbank A.J., Duran C.G., Almond M., Wells H., Jenkins S., Jiang Q. …

Antioxidants in brain tumors: current therapeutic significance and future prospects.

Brain cancer is regarded among the deadliest forms of cancer worldwide. The distinct tumor microenvironment and inherent characteristics of brain tumor cells virtually render them resistant to the majority of conventional and advanced therapies. Oxidative stress (OS) is a key disruptor of normal brain homeostasis and is involved in carcinogenesis of different forms of brain cancers. Thus, antioxidants may inhibit tumorigenesis by preventing OS induced by various oncogenic factors. Antioxidants are hypothesized to inhibit cancer initiation by endorsing DNA repair and suppressing cancer progress

The Redox Paradox of Natural Supplements in Cancer: A Narrative Review to Guide Clinical Practice.

Supplements are widely perceived as safe and beneficial; yet in oncology, this assumption is questionable. Clinical trials over the past few decades have often produced disappointing results, raising a critical question: are these agents used correctly, or could they inadvertently cause harm? This review examines supplements frequently used in cancer care-such as oral vitamin C, berberine, N-acetylcysteine, vitamin D, vitamin E, melatonin, polyphenols, alpha-lipoic acid, selenium, and coenzyme Q10-which can act as tumor suppressors or promoters depending on dose, route, and disease stage. We e

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… Source | Clinical Context | Patients ( n ) | Study Type | Subjects | Antioxidants | Dosage | Main Findings [ 137 ] | Prevention | 29,133 | RCT | Male smokers cancer-free | Alpha-tocopherol and beta-carotene supplementation | Daily supplementation with b-carotene (20 mg) and/or vitamin E (50 mg dl a-tocopheryl … . [ 146 ] | Treatment outcomes | 17,062 | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Breast cancer patients | Vitamin A, C, or E | NS | Only vitamin C increased survival. [ 147 ] | Prevention | NS | Systematic review and meta-analysis | Healthy men and women | Vitamin A, vitamin C, vitamin D, vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol …

Phytochemicals in Cancer Treatment and Cancer Prevention-Review on Epidemiological Data and Clinical Trials.

Phytochemicals are a non-nutritive substances that are present in plants and contribute significantly to their flavor and color. These biologically active compounds are classified into five major groups, namely phenolics, carotenoids, organosulfur compounds, nitrogen-containing compounds, and alkaloids, and are known for their potential health benefits in the prevention of various diseases, including cancer. The purpose of this review article is to explore the potential therapeutic benefits of the dietary phytochemicals, such as flavonoids, phenolic acids, phytosterols, carotenoids, and stilbe

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… These results align with those of the Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study conducted with 29,133 male smokers in Finland, which also found no benefit from beta-carotene [ 187 ]. 3.5.4. … tocopherol | 3 years | 30 mg + 400 IU of alpha-tocopherol | Fewer severe acute adverse effects [ 139 ] | 2 years | 30 mg + 25,000 IU retinil palmitate | Lack of chemopreventive benefit and excess lung cancer incidence and mortality [ 184 , 185 , 186 ] | 5 years | 50 mg/day | Lack of beneficial effect …

Chemotherapy-induced neuropathies-a growing problem for patients and health care providers.

IntroductionChemotherapy-induced neuropathies are one of the most common side effects of cancer treatment, surpassing bone marrow suppression and kidney dysfunction. Chemotherapy effects on the nervous system vary between different classes of drugs and depend on specific chemical and physical properties of the drug used. The three most neurotoxic classes of anti-cancer drugs are: platinum-based drugs, taxanes, and thalidomide and its analogs; other, less neurotoxic but also commonly used drugs are: bortezomib, ixabepilone, and vinca alkaloids.MethodsHere, in this paper, based on our experience

Interventions for the treatment of brain radionecrosis after radiotherapy or radiosurgery.

BACKGROUND: Brain radionecrosis (tissue death caused by radiation) can occur following high-dose radiotherapy to brain tissue and can have a … in treatment toxicities were observed between arms.One included prospective non-randomised study of alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) versus no active treatment was found but it did not include any radiological assessment. As only one included study was a double-blinded randomised controlled trial, the other studies were prone to selection and detection biases.None of …

Extensive osteonecrosis of the maxilla caused by bisphosphonates: Report of a rare case.

INTRODUCTION: The objective of this study was to investigate the expression of serum miR-7 and erythrocyte sedimentation rate (ESR) levels in patients with acute herpes zoster (HZ) and their evaluation value for postherpetic neuralgia (PHN). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A total of 98 patients with acute HZ and 97 healthy people were enrolled in this study. The levels of miR-7 and ESR were analyzed in patients with HZ and healthy people. According to whether PHN occurred within 3 months after lesion regression, the patients were divided into HZ patients with PHN and HZ patients without PHN, and the l

Как готовить пациентов, получающих антирезортивную терапию, к извлечению зубов: обзор.

Бифосфонаты (БП) и Деносумаб (ДМБ) являются антирепрессивными агентами (АА), обычно используемыми для лечения остеопороза, множественной миеломы (8,0%), рака груди (3,3%), рака простаты (2,9 процента) и других магнелез (0,7 процента), метастаза кости и гиперкальцемии, вызванной раком. Однако эта терапия связана со значительным риском связанного с лекарствами остеонекроза челюсти (MRONJ), особенно после выведения зубов. Цель этого описательного обзора заключалась в обобщении текущих данных о мерах, направленных на снижение риска ДРОНЖ после извлечения зубов, и в критическом обсуждении достоверн

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… Tocopherol (alpha-tocopherol/vitamin E) antioxidant was previously applied in osteoradionecrosis treatment. It modulates the expression of genes and partially inhibits transformation of the growth factor-beta1 [ 52 ]. …

Yellow nail syndrome: a review.

Yellow nail syndrome (YNS; OMIM 153300, ORPHA662) is a very rare disorder that almost always occurs after 50 years of age but a juvenile or familial form has also been observed. YNS is diagnosed based on a triad associating yellow nail discoloration, pulmonary manifestations (chronic cough, bronchiectasia, pleural effusion) and lower limb lymphedema. Chronic sinusitis is frequently associated with the triad. YNS etiology remains unknown but a role of lymphatic impairment is usually evoked. YNS is more frequently isolated but may be associated in rare cases with autoimmune diseases, other clini

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… Norton L Further observations on the yellow nail syndrome with therapeutic effects of oral alpha-tocopherol Cutis 1985 36 457 62 4075838 49. Berglund F Carlmark B Titanium, sinusitis, and the yellow nail syndrome Biol Trace Elem Res 2011 143 1 7 10.1007/s12011-010-8828-5 20809268 PMC3176400 50. … Baran R Thomas L Combination of fluconazole and alpha-tocopherol in the treatment of yellow nail syndrome J Drugs Dermatol 2009 8 276 8 19271377 98. Doncker PD Pierard GE Acquired nail beading in patients receiving itraconazole – an indicator of faster nail growth? …

Pharmacological Strategies for Mitigating Cytarabine-Induced Multi-Organ Toxicity: A Scoping Review on Mechanisms, Efficacy and Clinical Implications.

BACKGROUND: Cytarabine (Ara-C) remains the cornerstone of remission-induction and consolidation chemotherapy for acute myeloid leukemia (AML) and related hematological malignancies. Despite more than six decades of clinical use, its multi-organ toxicity continues to be managed almost exclusively through dose attenuation and supportive care, with no approved upstream pharmacological prevention strategy available. OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to systematically map the breadth and nature of pharmacological agents tested in vivo for their capacity to mitigate cytarabine-induced multi-org

Длиннокаменистые толстые кислоты как движущие факторы нейроинфламмации в нейродегенерации: механистические связи с липидом пероксидацией, Ферроптозом и митохондриальной дисфункцией.

Фон: Нейродегенеративные заболевания (НИ) рассматриваются главным образом как расстройства, характеризующиеся серьезным иммунометаболическим дисбалансом, характеризующимся текущей нейроинфламмацией и глиальной активацией. Хотя митохондриальная дисфункция и окислительный стресс являются хорошо известными особенностями, метаболические факторы в верхнем течении, связывающие эти патологические процессы, по-прежнему плохо понимаются. Методы: В ходе этого обзора мы изучили недавние доклинические и клинические исследования, в ходе которых были изучены связи между липидным метаболизмом, иммунометаболи

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… Synergistically, alpha-tocopherol (Vitamin E) acts as a lipophilic, chain-breaking antioxidant within the bilayer, directly intercepting peroxyl radicals [ 39 ]. Ferroptosis initiates only when accumulating oxidized LCFAs overwhelm these specific defenses. … Among antioxidants, alpha-tocopherol (vitamin E) has the strongest scientific basis here because it is a fat-soluble chain-breaking antioxidant that can limit lipid peroxidation and has been linked to inhibition of ferroptosis; notably, a randomized trial found slower functional decline with alpha-tocopherol …

Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: Successful Medical Management of Complex Maxillary Alveolus with Sinus Involvement.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) in cancer patients presents a considerable challenge in management. Current management is primarily based on interventions in a limited number of cases assessing a single approach. Medical management typically is reported to include antimicrobial therapy with or without surgery. Advances in the understanding of pathogenesis have led to the investigation of additional medical interventions for early-stage necrosis. We present 3 patients with advanced-stage MRONJ of the maxilla using combined medical modalities including antimicrobial therapy,

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… This paper outlines several of these approaches to medical management based on increasing understanding of the pathobiology of MRONJ, including topical or systemic agents (pentoxifylline and alpha-tocopherol [Pent-E], teriparatide, antibiotics, antiseptics, and other miscellaneous topical agents); biophysical …

Antioxidant effects of Spirulina platensis (Arthrospira platensis) on cyclophosphamide-induced testicular injury in rats.

Cyclophosphamide (CP) is known to reduce fertility. The protective effects of Spirulina plantesis (SP) against CP-induced testicular toxicity were investigated. Male Wistar rats were categorized into eight groups (n = 7). Four groups of rats were administered CP at a dose of 5 mg in 5 mL distilled water kg-1 per day orally. Two of these groups were received SP (500 and 1000 mg kg-1 per day) orally after CP administration. One of these groups was also received vitamin E (100 mg kg-1 per day) intraperitoneally. A vehicle treated control group, two SP control groups (500 and 1000 mg kg-1 per day)

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… DNA damage induced by CP. 24 Due to its antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties, SP has also a protective effect on CP-induced renal toxicity. 25 Premkumar et al . have also shown that SP has a protective effect against genotoxicity and oxidative stress induced by CP and mitomycin-C. 26 Vitamin E (alpha-tocopherol …

Antioxidant Food Supplementation in Cancer: Lessons from Clinical Trials and Insights from Preclinical Studies.

Food antioxidant supplementation has been widely proposed for cancer prevention and adjuvant therapy due to the pleiotropic role of antioxidants. Herein, particular attention is given to recent clinical trials based on the use of dietary supplements in cancer patients, both as monotherapy and in combination with standard treatments, exploring both their potential benefits and risks. This review focuses on the efficacy of the most important food antioxidants, highlighting how their action may change depending on different factors such as cancer type, dose, timing of administration and antioxida

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… The Alpha-Tocopherol Beta Carotene Cancer Prevention Study Group The effect of vitamin E and beta carotene on the incidence of lung cancer and other cancers in male smokers N. Engl. J. Med. 1994 330 1029 1035 10.1056/NEJM199404143301501 8127329 13. Kordiak J. Bielec F. Jabłoński S. … Changes in serum proteomic patterns by presurgical alpha-tocopherol and L-selenomethionine supplementation in prostate cancer Cancer Epidemiol. Biomark. Prev. 2005 14 1697 1702 10.1158/1055-9965.EPI-04-0679 16030104 37. Xie J. Jia L. Xie P. Yin X. Zhu W. Zhao H. Wang X. Meng X. Xing L. Zhao H. …

Cancer Chemoprevention: A Strategic Approach Using Phytochemicals.

Cancer chemoprevention approaches are aimed at preventing, delaying, or suppressing tumor incidence using synthetic or natural bioactive agents. Mechanistically, chemopreventive agents also aid in mitigating cancer development, either by impeding DNA damage or by blocking the division of premalignant cells with DNA damage. Several pre-clinical studies have substantiated the benefits of using various dietary components as chemopreventives in cancer therapy. The incessant rise in the number of cancer cases globally is an issue of major concern. The excessive toxicity and chemoresistance associat

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… Effects of Alpha-Tocopherol and Beta-Carotene Supplements on Cancer Incidence in the Alpha-Tocopherol Beta-Carotene Cancer Prevention Study. Am. J. Clin. Nutr. 62 (6), 1427S–1430S. 10.1093/ajcn/62.6.1427S Alkhalaf M., Jaffal S. (2006). …

Vitamin C-Sources, Physiological Role, Kinetics, Deficiency, Use, Toxicity, and Determination.

Vitamin C (L-ascorbic acid) has been known as an antioxidant for most people. However, its physiological role is much larger and encompasses very different processes ranging from facilitation of iron absorption through involvement in hormones and carnitine synthesis for important roles in epigenetic processes. Contrarily, high doses act as a pro-oxidant than an anti-oxidant. This may also be the reason why plasma levels are meticulously regulated on the level of absorption and excretion in the kidney. Interestingly, most cells contain vitamin C in millimolar concentrations, which is much highe