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Novel Short PEG Chain-Substituted Porphyrins: Synthesis, Photochemistry, and In Vitro Photodynamic Activity against Cancer Cells.

This work presents the synthesis and characterization of metal-free, zinc (II), and cobalt (II) porphyrins substituted with short PEG chains. The synthesized compounds were characterized by UV-Vis, 1H and 13C NMR spectroscopy, and MALDI-TOF mass spectrometry. The origin of the absorption bands for tested compounds in the UV-Vis range was determined using a computational model based on the electron density functional theory (DFT) and its time-dependent variant (TD-DFT). The photosensitizing activity was evaluated by measuring the ability to generate singlet oxygen (ΦΔ), which reached values up

FDA-Approved Drugs Containing Amide Functionality in the Last Five Years (2021-2025): Pharmaceutical Use, Trends and Synthetic Approaches.

The amide functional group remains a cornerstone of medicinal chemistry, serving as an indispensable scaffold in the design of modern therapeutics. This review presents an analysis of FDA-approved drugs (small molecules and peptides with MW ®), amides form the structural backbone of peptidomimetics, enabling high-affinity binding to a viral protease. In precision oncology, as seen with adagrasib (Krazati®), the amide acts as a critical, metabolically stable linker that positions a covalent warhead for selective inhibition of a mutant kinase. This analysis underscores that amide's unique combin

Influence of the Mediterranean Diet on Healthy Aging.

The life expectancy of the global population has increased. Aging is a natural physiological process that poses major challenges in an increasingly long-lived and frail population. Several molecular mechanisms are involved in aging. Likewise, the gut microbiota, which is influenced by environmental factors such as diet, plays a crucial role in the modulation of these mechanisms. The Mediterranean diet, as well as the components present in it, offer some proof of this. Achieving healthy aging should be focused on the promotion of healthy lifestyle habits that reduce the development of pathologi

Advances in CAR-T Cell Therapy in Head and Neck Squamous Cell Carcinoma.

Surgery with the assistance of conventional radiotherapy, chemotherapy and immunotherapy is the basis for head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC) treatment. However, with these treatment modalities, the recurrence and metastasis of tumors remain at a high level. Increasingly, the evidence indicates an excellent anti-tumor effect of chimeric antigen receptor T (CAR-T) cells in hematological malignancy treatment, and this novel immunotherapy has attracted researchers' attention in HNSCC treatment. Although several clinical trials have been conducted, the weak anti-tumor effect and the side

Long Noncoding RNA 00472: A Novel Biomarker in Human Diseases.

Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs) play important roles in human diseases. They control gene expression levels and influence various biological processes through multiple mechanisms. Functional abnormalities in lncRNAs are strongly associated with occurrence and development of various diseases. LINC00472, which is located on chromosome 6q13, is involved in several human diseases, particularly cancers of the breast, lung, liver, osteosarcoma, bladder, colorectal, ovarian, pancreatic and stomach. Importantly, LINC00472 can be used as a biomarker for breast cancer cell sensitivity to chemotherapeutic

The role of lncRNA NEAT1 in human cancer chemoresistance.

Chemotherapy is currently one of the most effective methods in clinical cancer treatment. However, chemotherapy resistance is an important reason for poor chemotherapy efficacy and prognosis, which has become an urgent problem to be solved in the field of cancer chemotherapy. Therefore, it is very important to deeply study and analyze the mechanism of cancer chemotherapy resistance and its regulatory factors. Long non-coding RNA nuclear paraspeckle assembly transcript 1 (LncRNA NEAT1) has been shown to be closely associated with chemotherapy resistance in cancer. NEAT1 induces cancer cell resi

Algae-Derived Bioactive Compounds as Platforms for Translational Biotechnology and Health Applications.

Marine macroalgae, microalgae, and associated microorganisms are increasingly recognised as valuable sources of bioactive compounds with applications across biotechnology and health. The environmental and ecological conditions they inhabit shape their metabolite diversity, leading to the production of high-value compounds such as sulphated polysaccharides, lipids, pigments, phenolics, and peptides. These compounds exhibit conserved biological activities that underpin potent antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, cytotoxic, and pro-regenerative effects with strong potential for translation. Although e

Current and emerging therapeutic options in adrenocortical cancer treatment.

Adrenocortical carcinoma (ACC) is a very rare endocrine tumour, with variable prognosis, depending on tumour stage and time of diagnosis. The overall survival is five years from detection. Radical surgery is considered the therapy of choice in the first stages of ACC. However postoperative disease-free survival at 5 years is only around 30% and recurrence rates are frequent. o,p'DDD (ortho-, para'-, dichloro-, diphenyl-, dichloroethane, or mitotane), an adrenolytic drug with significant toxicity and unpredictable therapeutic response, is used in the treatment of ACC. Unfortunately, treatment f

Targeting Oncoproteins for Molecular Cancer Therapy

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Nrf2-Независимое антивоспалительное воздействие диметилфумарата: проблемы и перспективы развития электрофильных Nrf2 активаторов нейродегенеративных заболеваний.

Связанный с NF-E2 путь 2 (Nrf2)-антиоксидантный элемент реакции (ARE) является потенциальной терапевтической целью для заболеваний центральной нервной системы. В настоящем обзоре подчеркивается роль окислительного стресса и нейронного воспаления в нейродегенеративных заболеваниях с уделением особого внимания терапевтическому потенциалу таких активаторов Nrf2, как диметилфумарат (ДМФ). ДМФ, первоначально применяемый для лечения псориаза, продемонстрировал эффективность при множественном склерозе и метаболизируется до монометила фумарата, что может оказывать значительное терапевтическое воздейст

Osteoclasts in Tumor Biology: Metastasis and Epithelial-Mesenchymal-Myeloid Transition.

Osteoclast is a specialized cell that originates from monocytic lineage, communicates closely with osteoblasts under physiological conditions, participates in bone modeling and re-modeling, contributes to calcium homeostasis and osteoimmunity. In pathological conditions, it is involved in many tumors such as giant cell bone tumor (osteoclastoma), aneurysmal bone cyst, osteosarcoma, and metastatic cancers, and it usually causes local spread and progression of the tumor, working against the host. Since osteoclasts play an active role in primary bone tumors and bone metastases, the use of anti-os

Natural biomolecules and derivatives as anticancer immunomodulatory agents.

Despite advancements in chemotherapy, the issue of resistance and non-responsiveness to many chemotherapeutic drugs that are currently in clinical use still remains. Recently, cancer immunotherapy has gathered attention as a novel treatment against select cancers. Immunomodulation is also emerging as an effective strategy to improve efficacy. Natural phytochemicals, with known anticancer properties, been reported to mediate their effects by modulating both traditional cancer pathways and immunity. The mechanism of phytochemical mediated-immunomodulatory activity may be attributed to the remode

Light Chain Amyloidosis.

Light chain (AL) amyloidosis is caused by a usually small plasma-cell clone that is able to produce the amyloidogenic light chains. They are able to misfold and aggregate, deposit in tissues in the form of amyloid fibrils and lead to irreversible organ dysfunction and eventually death if treatment is late or ineffective. Cardiac damage is the most important prognostic determinant. The risk of dialysis is predicted by the severity of renal involvement, defined by the baseline proteinuria and glomerular filtration rate, and by the response to therapy. The specific treatment is chemotherapy targe

Current Advances of Nanomedicines Delivering Arsenic Trioxide for Enhanced Tumor Therapy.

Arsenic trioxide (ATO) is one of the first-line chemotherapeutic drugs for acute promyelocytic leukemia. Its anti-cancer activities against various human neoplastic diseases have been extensively studied. However, the clinical use of ATO for solid tumors is limited, and these limitations are because of severe systemic toxicity, low bioavailability, and quick renal elimination before it reaches the target site. Although without much success, several efforts have been made to boost ATO bioavailability toward solid tumors without raising its dose. It has been found that nanomedicines have various

Frequently asked questions on surrogate endpoints in oncology-opportunities, pitfalls, and the way forward.

Patients with cancer expect prolonged life (overall survival, OS) or better life (quality of life, QOL) from cancer treatments. However, majority of new cancer drugs are now being approved not based on improved OS or QOL, but based on surrogate endpoints such as tumor shrinkage or delayed tumor progression. These surrogate endpoints, including their validity as a proxy for overall survival, differ based on disease settings and lines of treatment but in general, most surrogate measures have weak correlation with outcomes that matter to patients. Nevertheless, they are being increasingly used as

Effects of pegylated G-CSF on immune cell number and function in patients with gynecological malignancies.

BackgroundPegylated granulocyte colony-stimulating factor (G-CSF; pegfilgrastim) is a longer-acting form of G-CSF, whose effects on dendritic cell (DC) and regulatory T cell (Treg) mobilization, and on the in vivo and ex vivo release of immune modulating cytokines remain unexplored.MethodsTwelve patients with gynecological cancers received carboplatin/paclitaxel chemotherapy and single-dose pegfilgrastim as prophylaxis of febrile neutropenia. Peripheral blood was collected prior to pegfilgrastim administration (day 0) and on days +7, +11 and +21, to quantify immunoregulatory cytokines and to a

Repurposing drugs for highly prevalent diseases: pentoxifylline, an old drug and a new opportunity for diabetic kidney disease.

Diabetic kidney disease is one of the most frequent complications in patients with diabetes and constitutes a major cause of end-stage kidney disease. The prevalence of diabetic kidney disease continues to increase as a result of the growing epidemic of diabetes and obesity. Therefore, there is mounting urgency to design and optimize novel strategies and drugs that delay the progression of this pathology and contain this trend. The new approaches should go beyond the current therapy focussed on the control of traditional risk factors such as hyperglycaemia and hypertension. In this scenario, d

Ось Гут-Брэйна в нейродегенерации: механистические связи между дисбиозом и нейроатологией.

& ЦЕЛЬ: Ось кишечника по сути представляет собой two- система связи, которая физически соединяет мозг с кишечным трактом. Связь поддерживается через ряд путей, включая нейронные, эндокринные и иммунные пути. Гут дисбиоз, который объясняется как дисбаланс в микробном сообществе, связан с причинно-следственной связью различных нейродегенеративных расстройств, таких, как болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона и множественный склероз. Однако патологические механизмы в мозге известны лишь частично. В настоящем обзоре описывается процесс кишечного дисбиоза и нейродегенерации с подробным описанием ф

Pharmacogenomics and Big Data in medical oncology: developments and challenges.

Medical oncology, through conventional chemotherapy as well as targeted drugs, remains an important component of cancer patient management, particularly for systemic disease. Despite advances in all areas of medical oncology, certain challenges persist in the form of drug resistance and severe normal tissue toxicity. These unwanted effects can be counteracted through a patient-tailored treatment approach, which in chemotherapy is translated as pharmacogenomics. This research field investigates the way genetic makeup influences a patient's response to various drugs with the aim to minimize tria

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… CCND, cyclin D; FGFR, fibroblast growth factor receptor; EGFR, epidermal growth factor receptor; GNA11, guanosine nucleotide-binding protein alpha-11 gene; NF1, neurofibromatosis 1. …

Tumor Biology Hides Novel Therapeutic Approaches to Diffuse Large B-Cell Lymphoma: A Narrative Review.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) is a malignancy of immense biological and clinical heterogeneity. Based on the transcriptomic or genomic approach, several different classification schemes have evolved over the years to subdivide DLBCL into clinically (prognostically) relevant subsets, but each leaves unclassified samples. Herein, we outline the DLBCL tumor biology behind the actual and potential drug targets and address the challenges and drawbacks coupled with their (potential) use. Therapeutic modalities are discussed, including small-molecule inhibitors, naked antibodies, antibody-dru