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Riding-school lung? Allergic alveolitis in an 11-year-old girl.

Farmer's lung is a rural disease, caused by inhalation of airborne moulds and actinomycetes in the environment (farms). We describe to our knowledge the first case of farmer's lung in an 11-year-old girl briefly exposed to Thermophilic actinomycetes at a riding-school.

Neutrophils trigger a NF-κB dependent polarization of tumor-supportive stromal cells in germinal center B-cell lymphomas.

OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study was to assess cancer risk among agricultural workers compared to the general population. METHODS: The study utilized data from Farmers' Health Insurance (FHI) in Taiwan, which enrolled agricultural workers (N=1 175 149). The enrolled workers were matched to a general population (N=1 175 149) of the same age, gender, township, and enrollment year. The study population was linked to the National Cancer Registry to identify new cancer cases between 2000 and 2018. The Cox proportional hazards model was used to estimate the hazard ratio and 95% confidence inter…

Occupational exposure to pesticides as a potential risk factor for epilepsy.

Epilepsy is a chronic neurological disorder in which brain activity becomes abnormal, causing seizures. In a previous study we found that environmental exposure to pesticides was associated with a greater risk of epilepsy. The present study examined possible occupational risk factors that may contribute to the occurrence of epilepsy in farmers and pesticide applicators (sprayers). A case-referent study was conducted on 19,704 individuals over a 17-year study period (2000-2016). Epilepsy cases (n = 5091) were collected from Hospital records and referents (non-epilepsy cases, n = 14.613) from th…

Assessment of antimicrobial usage and residues in commercial chicken eggs from smallholder poultry keepers in Morogoro municipality, Tanzania.

Occurrence of antimicrobial residues in commercial chicken eggs was determined in Morogoro municipality between January and February 2007. Twenty smallholder farmers were interviewed on the types of antimicrobials, reasons of use and their awareness on antimicrobial withdrawal period. Seventy egg samples were collected for qualitative antimicrobial drug residues analysis by use of agar well diffusion and Delvotest SP assays. It was found that farmers use antimicrobial drugs as prophylaxis and treatment of common chicken diseases namely fowl typhoid (85%), infectious bursa disease (Gumboro) (65…

Viral infection enhances lung response to Micropolyspora faeni.

Farmer's lung is an important form of hypersensitivity pneumonitis. It is believed to represent a delayed type allergic reaction to microorganisms found in moldy hay dust. The disease is prevalent in farmers from countries where, because of high humidity in the summer, molding of stored hay is unavoidable.

Perceptions and interventions concerning coccidiosis in Dutch sheep farms.

Coccidiosis in sheep is a protozoan disease of young lambs that is not yet fully understood, and its control still largely relies on the use of coccidiostats, despite development of resistance. It is hypothesized that in the Netherlands a proper diagnosis is not always made before treatment is initiated, possibly leading to an overuse of coccidiostats. The aims of this study are to investigate the perceptions and interventions of Dutch sheep farmers and their veterinarians regarding coccidiosis, with special attention to treatment and the use of anticoccidial drugs. An online survey was comple…

Detection of Babesia and the associated factors in cattle and humans from Magdalena Medio region, Colombia.

This study aimed to determine the frequency of Babesia spp. infection in cattle, livestock farmers, and patients with acute febrile illness (AFI) from the Magdalena Medio region in Colombia using molecular and serological methods. PCR detected Babesia in 83.9 % (161/192) of cattle and 14.8 % (21/143) of farmers tested. Molecular analysis based on eight DNA sequences from the 18S rRNA identified Babesia bovis and Babesia bigemina in cattle and Babesia bigemina in farmers. There was no molecular detection in the patients with acute febrile illness; nonetheless, the serological test in the AFI po…

Genetic characterization of glycopeptide-resistant enterococci of human and animal origin from mixed pig and poultry farms.

Glycopeptide resistant enterococci (GRE) isolated from animals and humans were characterised using both AFPL typing and genetic characterisation of the glycopeptide resistance transposon Tn1546. All isolates were collected in 1997 when the glycopeptide avoparcin was still being used as growth promoter. All investigated animal isolates were from mixed pig and poultry farms in the Netherlands and the human isolated from the farmers of these farms. A total of 24 isolates were investigated. AFLP and Tn1546 typing revealed that both pig and poultry related enterococcal and vanA transposon genotypes…

Addressing pre-harvesting sugarcane burning in Thailand: A quasi-experimental study of monetary incentive.

In Thailand, the recurring environmental issue of high PM2.5 concentrations from December to April is partly due to pre-harvest sugarcane bu … this paper aims to determine the Minimum Acceptable Price (MAP) and Willingness to Accept (WTA) for farmers to switch from selling burned to fresh sugarcane. Findings indicate that the positive incentive of THB 120 per ton for fresh sugarcane influences 88.77% of farmers to cooperate. To achieve over 90% compliance, the subsidy should increase to THB 150 …

Rhinitis associated with pesticide use among private pesticide applicators in the agricultural health study.

Farmers commonly experience rhinitis but the risk factors are not well characterized. The aim of this study was to analyze cross-sectional data on rhinitis in the past year and pesticide use from 21,958 Iowa and North Carolina farmers in the Agricultural Health Study, enrolled 1993-1997, to evaluate pesticide predictors of rhinitis. Polytomous and logistic regression models were used to assess association between pesticide use and rhinitis while controlling for demographics and farm-related exposures. Sixty-seven percent of farmers reported current rhinitis and 39% reported 3 or more rhinitis …

The relationship between agricultural environments and olfactory dysfunction.

OBJECTIVES: To examine the olfactory ability of farmers and identify exposures in agricultural environments associated with olfactory loss. STUDY DESIGN: Cross-sectional. METHODS: 405 individuals (214 males and 191 females) completed a questionnaire assessing agricultural exposures, health status, and olfactory history. Participants then completed a scratch-and-sniff 12-item odor identification test. Data analysis was conducted using the method of least squares to fit general linear models. Equality of outcome measures (the number of correctly identified odorants) between groups was evaluate…

Consequences of respiratory exposures in the farm environment.

Depending on the type of farming practice, respiratory symptoms are common among agricultural workers. Farmers are at risk for pulmonary illnesses, including chronic bronchitis, organic dust toxic syndrome, farmer's lung diseases, allergic and nonallergic asthma, nasal irritation and polyps, and chemical pneumonitis.

Economic aspects of mastitis: new developments.

Good udder health is not only important for the dairy farmer but, because of increasing interest of consumers in the way dairy products are … es due to clinical and subclinical mastitis varied between €17 and €198 per cow per year. Moreover, farmers tended to underestimate these costs. This indicates that for a large proportion of farms there are many avoidable losses. In order to provide good support to farmers' decision-making, it is important to describe the mastitis setting not only in term …

Vittrup Man-The life-history of a genetic foreigner in Neolithic Denmark.

The lethally maltreated body of Vittrup Man was deposited in a Danish bog, probably as part of a ritualised sacrifice. It happened between c. 3300 and 3100 cal years BC, i.e., during the period of the local farming-based Funnel Beaker Culture. In terms of skull morphological features, he differs from the majority of the contemporaneous farmers found in Denmark, and associates with hunter-gatherers, who inhabited Scandinavia during the previous millennia. His skeletal remains were selected for transdisciplinary analysis to reveal his life-history in terms of a population historical perspective.…

Knowledge, practices and seroprevalence of Taenia species in smallholder farms in Gauteng, South Africa.

Porcine cysticercosis and associated human infections are endemic in Sub-Saharan Africa, Latin America, and Asia. Poor agricultural practices, sanitary practices, and lack of knowledge increase the burden of the diseases in susceptible populations. This study investigates the seroprevalence of Taenia spp. in township pigs in Gauteng, South Africa and describes knowledge and farming practices of pig farmers regarding T. solium infections. Blood samples were collected from 126 pigs in three Gauteng township areas, and analyzed for active Taenia spp. infection using the B158/B60 Ag-ELISA. Farmer …

Pesticides and adult respiratory outcomes in the agricultural health study.

In the 1700s, Bernardino Ramazzini was among the first to describe respiratory disease among agricultural workers. Since then, farmers continue to have higher rates of respiratory illnesses, even as changes occur in occupational and environmental exposures on farms. While grain and animal exposures have been well studied for their role in agricultural lung diseases, pesticide exposures have not. Using the Agricultural Health Study, a prospective cohort study of approximately 89,000 licensed pesticide applicators and their spouses in Iowa and North Carolina, we are currently assessing the assoc…

Husbandry Practices, Breeding Systems, and Reproductive Performance of Indigenous Sheep Under Smallholder Farming Systems in Loma District, Dawro Zone, Southwestern Ethiopia.

Comprehensive understanding of farmers' breeding goals and reproductive performance of sheep is a foundational prerequisite in designing successful breeding strategies for smallholder systems. This study characterized sheep husbandry, breeding management, and reproductive performance among smallholder households in Loma District, Dawro Zone. A cross-sectional survey of 138 sheep-owning households was complemented by focus group discussions, key informant interviews, and field observations. Data were analyzed using descriptive statistics, ANOVA, chi-square tests, ranking indices, and qualitativ…

Предварительные исследования по вопросу о взаимосвязи между активностью рикодов в Икодесе и трансмиссией тика среди профессиональных жителей восточной Польши.

Относительная плотность (активность) клеща " Иксодес рицинус " была определена в пяти округах Лублинской области (Восточная Польша) в результате падания растительного покрова. Значения активности были сопоставлены с значениями, определенными в ходе испытаний ELISA, в отношении распространенности вируса энцефалита (TBEV) и борелия бурдорфери у работников лесного хозяйства и фермеров из тех же районов. Значительная корреляция между активностью клещей и распространенностью серопов как у ТБЭВ, так и у Б.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Relative density (activity) of the tick Ixodes ricinus was determined in five districts of the Lublin region (eastern Poland) by vegetation flagging. Tick activity values were compared to the determined by ELISA tests seroprevalence to tick-borne encephalitis virus (TBEV) and Borrelia burgdorferi in forestry workers and farmers from the same areas. A signifi…

Biosecurity risks for African swine fever occurrence in smallholder systems in Gauteng, South Africa.

African swine fever (ASF) outbreaks in Gauteng province (2012, 2019-2022) occurred outside South Africa's (SA's) traditional control zones and highlighted biosecurity deficiencies among smallholder producers. This study aimed to assess biosecurity practices and knowledge gaps among smallholder pig farmers in Gauteng by comparing ASF-free areas with high-risk areas (HRA) that had or had not experienced ASF outbreaks. Between 2020 and 2021, structured interviews were conducted with 137 pig farmers across four municipalities: Ekurhuleni, Lesedi, Tshwane and West Rand. The questionnaire captured d…

An update on spotted fever group serology in Kerman Province, Iran.

Rickettsia conorii is the causative agent of Mediterranean spotted fever (MSF) and reports of its geographical distribution are spreading every day. Recently, some cases of the MSF have been reported from Iran. However, little information is available about the MSF epidemiology in Iran. The aim of the current study was to investigate anti-R. conorii IgG seroprevalence among farmers living in the rural regions of Kerman province (in southeastern Iran). In this study, 281 blood samples were collected from farmers in Zarand and Jiroft counties and tested for detection of anti-R. conorii IgG antib…