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Methodological Insights Into the Acceleration-Speed Profile: Optimizing Data Analysis for Reliable Application in Elite Female and Male Football.

PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the reliability of the acceleration-speed profile in elite male and female football players across 3 competitive seasons. Specifically, we assessed how the number and type of microcycles influence the reliability of theoretical maximal acceleration (A0) and speed (S0). METHODS: GPS-derived acceleration and speed data were collected from 181 women's and 146 men's microcycles. Acceleration-speed profiles were constructed using overlapping windows of 1 to 5 consecutive microcycles, classified as competitive, including match day (MD) or post-MD (MD + 1) or no…

Energy expenditure and physical activity responses to football for health training in adults with metabolic syndrome: a randomized clinical trial.

This investigation determined the energy expenditure (EE), physical activity (PA), and physiological responses of football for health training (FFH). Twenty middle-aged males with metabolic syndrome (MetS) completed a 60-min FFH and a control trial using a randomized crossover design. The FFH load and EE were determined using a mobile gas analyzer, heart rate (HR) monitors, blood lactate measurements, a global positioning system, and accelerometry. Participants in FFH run a total distance of ~3.800 m (1,121 m at > 7 km/h, accelerations of 141 m, decelerations of 162 m) using a mean and maximal…

Training Impulse and Session Ratings of Perceived Exertion as Perceived by Athletes and Observed by Coaches During Preseason Football Camp.

Smith-Hale, V, Mendoza, R, Vargo, C, Schoen, M, Jimenez, L, VanSumeren, M, Sabourin, J, Rider, BC, Martin, J, Moore, W, and Hew-Butler, T. Training impulse and session ratings of perceived exertion as perceived by athletes and observed by coaches during pre-season football camp. J Strength Cond Res 39(9): 964-972, 2025-Quantification of internal training load (TL), through wearable technology, represents an emerging metric for TL management in sport. The accuracy of subjective vs. objective assessments of TL, as perceived by athletes and observed by coaches, has yet to be evaluated during long…

Effects of head trauma frequency and intensity on the neuropsychological functioning and symptoms of high school football players in different positions.

OBJECTIVE: Little is known about the effects of repetitive head trauma on football players in different positions. Linemen have the highest frequency of head impact because of their involvement in every play. In contrast, quarterbacks incur less frequent but higher intensity collisions with aggressive tackling. The goal of this study was to assess the neuropsychological functioning of high school athletes playing in football positions with head contacts varying in frequency and intensity. METHOD: Based on head impact exposure data at different positions in high school football, the study assi…

Heading Toward a Safer Future? An Exploration of Elite Male Footballers' Perceptions Toward Heading and the Heading Guidelines in England.

OBJECTIVE: To explore perceptions of professional male footballers from an English Premier League club on heading in football and the Football Association's (FA) Heading Guidelines. DESIGN: Focus group interview using a 6-stage thematic analysis approach. SETTING: A Premier League football club in England. PATIENTS OR PARTICIPANTS: Eight male professional footballers. ASSESSMENT OF RISK FACTORS: Risk factors related to heading in football were discussed, including the safety of the game and long-term implications of heading. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES: Perceptions of heading in professional ma…

A two-year examination of the relation between internal and external load and heart rate variability in Australian Rules Football.

The relationship between heart rate variability (HRV) and training load in team-sport is unknown. We therefore assessed relations between completed training-load in the previous 1-, 3- and 7-days and waking HRV in professional Australian Rules Football. Linear-mixed models analysed changes in HRV, considering training load from the previous 1-, 3- and 7-days. Total Distance (TD), distance >14.4 km ‧ h-1 (HSR) and >24.9 km ‧ h-1 (Sprint-Distance), duration >85% max heart rate and Rating of Perceived Exertion were included as independent variables. Sub-group analysis of season-phase and years of…

Football belongs to the people: A social identity perspective on attitudes toward the European Super League in the English Premier League.

The announcement of the European Super League (ESL) led to massive protests in England. While the ESL is officially being reshaped and may resurface, there is a dearth of empirical studies on the motives associated with attitudes toward the ESL. In this research, we explored attitudes toward the ESL among Premier League fans by conducting an online survey 36 h after the ESL announcement (N = 1,346 fans of Premier League clubs, among which 832 fans of the Big Six clubs involved in the ESL). Fans of the Big Six held more positive attitudes toward the ESL compared to fans of the Other 14 Premier

The Acute Effects of Ball Pressure on Anticipation Timing Following a Series of Purposeful Headers in Adult Football (Soccer) Players.

The purpose of this study is to investigate the acute effects of ball pressure on anticipation timing following a series of purposeful headers in adult football (soccer) players. There is evidence to suggest acute neurophysiological changes to the brain following purposeful heading; this may lead to altered anticipation timing as a result, potentially having future safety implications for players. A repeated measures crossover design was used. Seventeen participants aged between 20 and 30 years performed (i) 20 rotational headers with a lower-pressure match ball (58.6 kPa; 8.5 psi), (ii) 20 ro…

Mpox in cport: Всеобъемлющая основа для предварительного планирования и снижения риска в футболе на основе уроков COVID-19.

Объявление Всемирной организацией здравоохранения в июле 2022 года Mpox (ранее известной как < < обезьянопокс > > ) в качестве чрезвычайной ситуации в области здравоохранения, вызывающей озабоченность международного сообщества (PHEIC), а затем его возрождение в 2024 году вызвало обеспокоенность по поводу его потенциального воздействия на спорт, особенно на спорт, например футбол. Хотя Mpox не является пандемией (по состоянию на конец сентября 2024), коронавирусное заболевание 2019 года (COVID-19) дает ценные уроки для инициативного планирования в спорте. Наша концептуальная основа

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
The World Health Organization's declaration of mpox (formerly known as monkeypox) as a public health emergency of international concern (PHEIC) in July 2022, followed by its resurgence in 2024, has sparked concerns about its potential impact on sports, especially contact sports such as football. Although mpox is not a pandemic (as of late September 2024), th…

Gambling, cryptocurrency, and financial trading app marketing in English Premier League football: A frequency analysis of in-game logos.

BACKGROUND & AIMS: The gamblification of UK football has resulted in a proliferation of in-game marketing associated with gambling and gambling-like products such as cryptocurrencies and financial trading apps. The English Premier League (EPL) has in response banned gambling logos on shirt-fronts from 2026 onward. This ban does not affect other types of marketing for gambling (e.g., sleeves and pitch-side hoardings), nor gambling-like products. This study therefore aimed to assess the ban's implied overall reduction of different types of marketing exposure. METHODS: We performed a frequency a…

Concussion through my eyes: a qualitative study exploring concussion experiences and perceptions of male English blind footballers.

OBJECTIVES: Athletes with impairments play sports with a risk of sustaining head injuries and concussions. However, the scientific knowledge needed to improve care is lacking. This qualitative study explores English blind 5-a-side footballers' perceptions of concussion, concussion risks and prevention to improve para concussion care. METHODS: Nine semi-structured interviews were conducted with male English blind footballers (six current and three retired). Data were analysed by thematic analysis using a six-stage approach. RESULTS: Blind footballers were not sure about the number of concussi…

Association of Vascular Risk Factors and CSF and Imaging Biomarkers With White Matter Hyperintensities in Former American Football Players.

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Recent data link exposure to repetitive head impacts (RHIs) from American football with increased white matter hyperintensity (WMH) burden. WMH might have unique characteristics in the context of RHI beyond vascular risk and normal aging processes. We evaluated biological correlates of WMH in former American football players, including markers of amyloid, tau, inflammation, axonal injury, neurodegeneration, and vascular health. METHODS: Participants underwent clinical interviews, MRI, and lumbar puncture as part of the Diagnostics, Imaging, and Genetics Network for …

Effects of COVID-19 on Rate of Injury and Position-Specific Injury During the 2020 National Football League Season.

Costello II, JP, Wagner, JD, Dahl, VA, Cohen, JL, Reuter, AM, and Kaplan, LD. Effects of COVID-19 on rate of injury and position-specific injury during the 2020 National Football League season. J Strength Cond Res 38(1): 97-104, 2024-Because of the COVID-19 pandemic, the National Football League (NFL) made changes to its operations for the 2020 season. We hypothesize an increase in the rate of injuries during the 2020 season. Publicly available data were reviewed to identify NFL injuries from the 2015-2020 seasons. Player position, description of injury, date of injury, and injury setting were…

Epidemiology of Achilles Tendon Rupture in Italian First Division Football (Soccer) Players and Their Performance After Return to Play.

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the epidemiology, incidence rate, incidence proportion, and prevalence of Achilles tendon ruptures (ATRs) in professional footballers and their performance after the injury. DATA SOURCES: Professional male footballers participating in Serie A in 11 consecutive seasons (2008/2009-2018/2019) were screened to identify ATRs through the online football archive transfermarkt.com. Exposure in matches and training was calculated. The number of matches played in the 5 seasons before and after ATRs was obtained, when possible, together with transfers to a different team or partic…

Reliability of a Qualitative Instrument to Assess High-Risk Mechanisms during a 90° Change of Direction in Female Football Players.

Sidestep cuts between 60° and 180° and one-leg landings have been identified as the main mechanisms of ACL injuries in several sports. This study sought to determine intra- and inter-rater reliability of a qualitative tool to assess high-risk movements in a 90° change of direction when the test is applied in a real framework of sport practice. Female footballers from two teams (n = 38) participated in this study and were asked to perform 90° cutting trials to each side, which were simultaneously filmed from a frontal and a sagittal view. A total of 61 cases were selected for 2D qualitative obs…

Fewer US Adolescents Playing Football and Public Health: A Review of Measures to Improve Safety and an Analysis of Gaps in the Literature.

Physical activity during adolescence is associated with positive health outcomes, yet only 26% of US middle and high school students report daily physical activity. Moreover, the number of high school students playing a sport is declining, with the largest decline in football. One reason for this decline in playing football may be increased attention to the risk of head injury. For public health, the decline is alarming because football offers a physical activity opportunity for millions of young people every year. In response, efforts have been made to institute measures to enhance the safety…

Shedding light on incidence and burden of physeal injuries in a youth elite football academy: A 4-season prospective study.

INTRODUCTION: Physeal injuries have been overlooked in epidemiological research in youth sports. Our prospective study investigated the incidence, severity, and burden of physeal injuries in a youth elite football academy. METHODS: In total, 551 youth male football players from under-9 to under-19 were included and observed over four consecutive seasons. Injuries involving the physis were diagnosed and recorded according to type, location, and diagnosis. Injury incidence (II), severity (days lost), and injury burden (IB) were calculated per squad per season (25 players/squad). RESULTS: There…

The Effectiveness of Regulations and Behavioral Interventions on Head Impacts and Concussions in Youth, High-School, and Collegiate Football: A Systematized Review.

The purpose of this study was to assess the effectiveness of regulations and behavioral interventions on head impacts and concussions in youth, high-school, and collegiate football, using a systematic search strategy to identify relevant literature. Six databases were searched using key search terms related to three categories: football, head-injuries, and interventions. Studies that met inclusion criteria were included in the study and underwent data extraction. Twenty articles met inclusion criteria and were included in the final systematized review. Of the 20 included studies, 8 studies eva…

No association between rate of torque development and onset of muscle activity with increased risk of hamstring injury in elite football.

Hamstring injuries remain a significant burden in sports that involve high-speed running. In elite male football, hamstring injury has repeatedly been identified as the most common non-contact injury, representing 12% of all injuries. As the incidence remains high, investigations are aimed at better understanding how to improve prevention efforts. Intrinsic risk factors such as strength have been investigated extensively in a cohort of professional football players; however, other intrinsic measures of neuromuscular function have not been studied in this cohort. This study aims to investigate …

Multivariate analysis of factors related to radiographic knee osteoarthritis based on the comparison between football players and matched nonsportsmen.

PURPOSE: Knee osteoarthritis (KOA) is the most common joint pathology worldwide and a major cause of later disability. It is unknown if the bone mass density (BMD) is correlated with KOA. This study aimed to investigate the prevalence of radiographic KOA among retired professional football players by comparing with matched nonsportsmen, and assess the correlation between BMD and KOA. METHODS: A cross-sectional, descriptive study was performed on a group of retired professional football players without history of knee injury. A control group of nonsporting volunteers was matched to the footbal…