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An African tick flavivirus forming an independent clade exhibits unique exoribonuclease-resistant RNA structures in the genomic 3'-untranslated region.

Tick-borne flaviviruses (TBFVs) infect mammalian hosts through tick bites and can cause various serious illnesses, such as encephalitis and hemorrhagic fevers, both in humans and animals. Despite their importance to public health, there is limited epidemiological information on TBFV infection in Africa. Herein, we report that a novel flavivirus, Mpulungu flavivirus (MPFV), was discovered in a Rhipicephalus muhsamae tick in Zambia. MPFV was found to be genetically related to Ngoye virus detected in ticks in Senegal, and these viruses formed a unique lineage in the genus Flavivirus. Analyses of …

[Prescription And Delivery's Survey Of Benzodiazepines In The Occurrence Of Addictions At Mbour's District].

UNLABELLED: Impact of the prescription and delivery of benzodiazepines in the occurrence of addictions in the district of Mbour. INTRODUCTION: Benzodiazepines (BZD) are widely used nowadays and are at the origin of an addiction. OBJECTIVES: The objective was to evaluate the quality of benzodiazepine prescribing and delivery in the Mbour department of Senegal and subsequently to implement an addictovigilance strategy. Thus, we studied the prescribing habits, the quality of delivery and identified the consumption habits of these drugs. MATERIALS AND METHODS: It was a cross-sectional, prospect…

[Senegalese experience with acute viral conjunctivitis].

PURPOSE: To study the epidemiological and clinical aspects of acute enteroviral and adenoviral conjunctivitis. PATIENTS AND METHODS: A pros … . Adenovirus and enterovirus are the main causative agents. They are present on an endemic scale in Senegal; thus, the need for better epidemiological surveillance in order to limit spread.

[Can we overcome schistosomiasis? A Senegalese example].

The authors report the results of controlling schistosomiasis in 53 villages from Ninefecha area-(Kedougou District, East Senegal) within Schistosomiasis National Control Program partnership. The four aims were: i) praziquantel treatment of 3324 children 6-14 years old, ii) installation of a laboratory for children prevalence annual monitoring (random draw one in three), iii) health education of the concerned people ("sensitization"), iiii) construction of latrines. 900 latrines are required and 649 have been built. The initial prevalence (2006) of 44% for S. mansoni and 4% for S. haematobium …

[Cryptococcal meningitis in children: description of 3 cases].

Cryptococcal meningitis is much less common in children than adults. The purpose of this report is to describe 3 cases of cryptococcal meningitis observed in children admitted to the Neurology Department of the Fann University Hospital Center in Dakar, Senegal between July 2003 and November 2008. There were 2 girls whose ages were 8 and 15 years and one 9-year-old boy. All 3 patients presented acute or chronic meningoencephalitis. Diagnosis was based on direct microscopic examination of India ink preparations of cerebrospinal fluid (CSF) showing Cryptococcus neoformans at direct exam. Two pati…

[Unusual presentation of mycetoma caused by Actinomadurella pelletieri on the scalp].

INTRODUCTION: Mycetoma is chronic inflammatory process characterized by areas of tumefaction with draining sinus tracts. It affects the foot in 80% of cases. The purpose of this report is to describe a case that posed a diagnostic challenge due to unusual scalp location and clinical presentation. OBSERVATION: A 23-year-old woman residing in a rural zone of Senegal consulted for indolent lesions ongoing on the scalp for 2 years. Physical examination showed two soft tumid lesions measuring about 3 cm in diameter on the vertex. The surface of the lesions was crusty but showed no sign of granules…

Redescription, systematic status and molecular characterisation of Multicaecum heterotis Petter, Vassiliadès et Marchand, 1979 (Nematoda:Heterocheilidae), an intestinal parasite of Heterotis niloticus (Osteichthyes:Arapaimidae) in Africa.

Ascaridoid nematodes referable to Brevimulticaecum heterotis (Petter, Vassiliadès et Marchand, 1979) Khalil, 1984 were recorded from the intestine of the African bonytongue, Heterotis niloticus (Cuvier) (Arapaimidae, Osteoglossiformes), from the Mare Simenti in the Niokolo Koba National Park, East Senegal and from Kosti, Sudan. Their examination using light microscopy and for the first time both environmental scanning electron microscopy and scanning electron microscopy revealed some previously unreported morphological features and made possible a detailed redescription of this species. The mo…

[Respiratory manifestations of malignant lymphomas: report of 5 cases].

In this study the authors report 5 cases of malignant lymphomas consisting in a Hodgkin's disease and 4 non Hodgkinian lymphomas. Patients aged from 16 to 55 years were 4 males and 1 female, consulting in Department of respiratory disorders of the University Hospital in Dakar, Senegal, West Africa, from 1986 thru 1992. Detoriation of the general status, cough, dyspnea and cervical adenopathy were remaked in all patients. Thoracic pain and syndrom of right pleurisy were diagnosed in one case of non Hodgkinian malignantlymphoma. X Ray exploration of the chest detected 4 cases of mediastinal aden…

[Primary infection with West-Nile virus].

BACKGROUND: The recent outbreak of an epidemic of West-Nile fever in New-York revealed this virus' responsibility in some cases of fatal encephalitis. However the clinical manifestations of the infection may be mild as in the case reported herein. CASE-REPORT: A 41-year-old woman without previous medical history presented an acute febrile rash after a trip to Senegal. The course was spontaneously favorable after 5 days, with a biphasic fever at day 3. Reverse passive hemagglutination test confirmed the diagnosis of acute West-Nile fever. DISCUSSION: West-Nile virus, a mosquito-borne flavivir…

Mating interactions between Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni.

Schistosoma haematobium and S. mansoni are two medically important schistosomes, commonly occurring sympatrically in Africa and so potential … gnificance of the results is discussed in relation to the epidemiological consequences occurring in Senegal, and other areas where both species are sympatric.

[Transmission and conservation of the amaril virus in nature].

The yellow fever virus is a monkey Flavivirus transmitted by mosquitoes. The transmission cycles and vectors vary from Western to Eastern Af … in nature only in 1995. However, the isolation of the virus in male Ae. furcifer taylori in 1977 in Senegal had already suggested that this kind of transmission took place in nature. The vertical transmission of the yellow fever virus means that it can survive, from one rainy season to the next, in Aedes eggs and thus increases the number of contaminating …

[HLA and molar pregnancies (triploidies, hydatidiform moles and choriocarcinoma). Etiological and epidemiological study].

Etiological and epidemiological studies of triploid and hydatidiform molar conceptuses were done using HLA polymorphism. The segregation of HLA markers allowed to know the etiology of 25 triploidies and 19 hydatidiform moles. Five other moles and a post molar choriocarcinoma were also studied by molecular hybridization. This confirms that triploidies in about 3/4 of the cases involved two sets of paternal chromosomes mainly by di-sperm. Hydatidiform moles from Algeria, France and Senegal were all of androgenic origin excepted for one case. DNA analysis of the choriocarcinoma demonstrated the p…

Schistosomiasis in the Gorgol Valley of Mauritania.

Schistosomiasis may be increasing in West Africa due to the development of water-resource projects which were given a strong impetus by the … servoir at Foum Gleita. Prevalence rates were lowest in Kaedi near the confluence of the Gorgol and Senegal rivers. During the period between the first and second survey the incidence rate among children in M'Bout became very high (68%), probably because of increased water contact related to the rains that broke the long drought in August 1974.

Появление вирусного энцефалита Чандипуры в Индии: стратегический подход к борьбе с фатальной вирусной эпидемией.

В настоящее время широко распространенный вирусный энцефалит является серьезной проблемой здравоохранения во всем мире. Такие факторы, как изменение климата, урбанизация, быстрое землеустройство, глобализация торговли, увеличение межконтинентальных перевозок и экологические нарушения, способствуют возникновению многих вирусных заболеваний. Вирусный энцефалит чандипура (CHPVE) является одним из основных новых вирусных заболеваний, быстро становясь серьезной угрозой для здоровья. CHPVE является острой, фебрилированной вирусной болезнью с высоким коэффициентом смертности. Болезнь впервые была выя

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Vector-borne viral encephalitis is currently a significant public health concern worldwide. Factors such as climate change, urbanization, ra … initial case in Maharashtra, the disease has now been spread to other countries, including Nigeria, Senegal, West Africa, and Sri Lanka. As the name suggests, CHPVE is caused by the Chandipura virus (CHPV), belonging to the Vesiculovirus genus of the Rhabdoviridae family, responsible for the incidence of well-known neurotrophic disease, i.e., Rabies.

Occurrence of Ten Protozoan Enteric Pathogens in Three Non-Human Primate Populations.

Non-human primate populations act as potential reservoirs for human pathogens, including viruses, bacteria and parasites, which can lead to … based on qPCR detection. The three populations studied were common chimpanzees (Pan troglodytes) in Senegal and gorillas (Gorilla gorilla) in the Republic of the Congo and in the Beauval Zoo (France). Blastocystis spp. were mainly found, with an occurrence close to 100%, followed by Balantidiumcoli (23.7%), Giardiaintestinalis (7.9%), Encephalitozoonintes …

Acquisition of virulence genes by a carrier strain gave rise to the ongoing epidemics of meningococcal disease in West Africa.

In the African meningitis belt, a region of sub-Saharan Africa comprising 22 countries from Senegal in the west to Ethiopia in the east, large epidemics of serogroup A meningococcal meningitis have occurred periodically. After gradual introduction from 2010 of mass vaccination with a monovalent meningococcal A conjugate vaccine, serogroup A epidemics have been eliminated. Starting in 2013, the northwestern part of Nigeria has been affected by yearly outbreaks of meningitis caused by a novel strain of serogroup C Neisseria meningitidis (NmC). In 2015, the strain spread to the neighboring countr…

Tuberculous Meningitis in an Immunocompetent Host: A Case Report.

BACKGROUND Tuberculous meningitis is very rare in the United States in immunocompetent hosts. Risk factors are similar to those of pulmonary tuberculosis, including poverty, malnutrition, overcrowding, a compromised immune system, and coming from an endemic area. Meningeal tuberculosis mortality and other outcomes have changed little over time despite effective therapies due to delay in diagnosis because of its rarity, variable presentation, and often indolent course. CASE REPORT We describe a case of a 57-year-old male immigrant from Senegal with no significant past medical history and no pre…

Antimalarial activity of axidjiferosides, new β-galactosylceramides from the African sponge Axinyssa djiferi.

The marine sponge, Axinyssa djiferi, collected on mangrove tree roots in Senegal, was investigated for glycolipids. A mixture containing new glycosphingolipids, named axidjiferoside-A, -B and -C, accounted for 0.07% of sponge biomass (dry weight) and for 2.16% of total lipids. It showed a significant antimalarial activity, with a 50% inhibitory concentration (IC50) of 0.53 ± 0.2 μM against a chloroquine-resistant strain of Plasmodium falciparum. They were identified as homologous β-galactopyranosylceramides composed of 2-amino-(6E)-octadec-6-en-1,3,4-triol, and the major one, axidjiferoside-A …

Usutu virus in Africa.

Usutu virus (USUV) was discovered in South Africa in 1959. Since then, it has been reported in several African countries including Senegal, Central African Republic, Nigeria, Uganda, Burkina Faso, Cote d'Ivoire, and Morocco. In 2001, USUV has been identified for the first time outside of Africa, namely in Europe, where it caused a significant mortality among blackbirds in Vienna, Austria. In 2009, the first two human cases of USUV infection in Europe have been reported in Italy, causing encephalitis in immunocompromised patients. The host range in Africa includes mainly Culex mosquitoes, birds…

Malaria co-infection in children influences antibody response to schistosome antigens and inflammatory markers associated with morbidity.

The epidemiological coexistence of schistosomiasis and malaria is frequently observed in developing countries. Co-infection with malaria in children could influence the development of acquired immunity associated with the resistance or the pathology of schistosomiasis. In the present study, performed during May to June 1996 in Senegal, the humoral immune response to Schistosoma haematobium 28 kDa glutathione S-transferase (Sh28GST) vaccinal antigen and to soluble egg antigens (SEA) has been evaluated in individuals infected by S. haematobium. Specific immunoglobulin G3 (IgG3) and IgE responses…