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Abdominal Pain: A Comparison between Neurogenic Bowel Dysfunction and Chronic Idiopathic Constipation.

Introduction. Most spinal-cord-injured patients have constipation. One-third develop chronic abdominal pain 10 years or more after injury. N … . Characteristics of abdominal pain were described using the Brief Danish Pain Questionnaire. Total gastrointestinal transit times (GITT) were measured by radiopaque markers. Results. Seventeen (81%) SCI and 14 (93%) CIC patients reported abdominal pain or discomfort within the last month (P = 0.38). Pain was considered more intense by CIC than by SCI patients (P < 0.05). …

[Nutrition in infants with esophagocolonoplasty for esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula].

The aim of this clinical prospective study was the follow up of a nutritional management protocol for children with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula for whom the esophageal substitution was performed with left vascularized colon. In this study entered infants aged 3 months to 18 months old with a major nutritional deficit, due to respiratory infections complications, parastomal leaks and accelerated gastrointestinal transit. All infants were underweight, with a single exception, who had no preoperative complications. The patient was enterally fed postoperatively, all the other …

In vivo inhibition of gastric acid secretion by the aqueous extract of Scoparia dulcis L. in rodents.

The freeze-dried aqueous extract (AE) from the aerial parts of Scoparia dulcis was tested for its effects on experimental gastric hypersecre … domethacin (ED(50)=313 mg/kg, p.o.) and ethanol (ED(50)=490 mg/kg, p.o.). No influence of the AE on gastrointestinal transit allowed discarding a possible CNS or a cholinergic interaction in the inhibition of gastric secretion by the AE. Collectively, the present data pharmacologically validates the popular use of Scoparia dulcis in gastric disturbances.

Dexloxiglumide Rotta Research Lab.

Dexloxiglumide, the (R)-isomer of loxiglumide, is a selective and highly potent CCK1 receptor antagonist. It is twice as potent as the racemic compound. because the anti-CCK activity is specific to the (R)-form, whereas the (S)-isomer is almost ineffective. It has been developed by Rotta Research Lab SpA for the treatment of diseases in which CCK1 receptor activity is potentially involved, including gastrointestinal motility, food intake and pancreatic disorders [218696]. Its receptor-mediated actions have been described in multiple in vitro and in vivo pharmacological systems. Results from bo

Effects of carbonated water on functional dyspepsia and constipation.

OBJECTIVE: The effects of carbonated beverages on the gastrointestinal tract have been poorly investigated. Therefore, this study aims to assess the effect of carbonated water intake in patients with functional dyspepsia and constipation. METHODS: Twenty-one patients with dyspepsia and secondary constipation were randomized into two groups in a double-blind fashion. One group (10 subjects) drank carbonated water and the other (11 subjects) tap water for almost 15 days. Patients were evaluated for dyspepsia and constipation scores, and underwent a satiety test by a liquid meal, radionuclide ga

Colonic postoperative inflammatory ileus in the rat.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate local inflammatory events within the colonic muscularis as a causative factor of postoperative ileus. SUMMARY BACKGROUND DATA: Surgically induced intestinal muscularis inflammation has been hypothesized as a mechanism for postoperative ileus. The colon is a crucial component for recovery of gastrointestinal motor function after surgery but remains unaddressed. The authors hypothesize that colonic manipulation initiates inflammatory events that directly mediate postoperative smooth muscle dysfunction. METHODS: Rats underwent colonic manipulation. In vivo transit and

Small intestinal transit does not adequately represent postoperative paralytic ileus in rats.

Small intestinal transit (SIT) has often been regarded as an index of pathophysiological state of postoperative ileus (PI) in rats. The reliability of SIT as an index of PI was examined in the present study. PI was induced via abdominal surgery (i.e., laparotomy with evisceration and manipulation) in rats. For one group of PI-induced rats, SIT of a charcoal test meal was measured. When necessary, the physical state (i.e., severity and site of distension) of the gastrointestinal (GI) tract in each rat was visually examined. For another group of PI-induced rats, abdominal X-ray radiographs were

Effect of calcium carbonate and aluminum hydroxide on human intestinal function.

The effect of calcium carbonate (6 g daily) and of aluminum hydroxide (Amphojel, 7.2 g daily) on human gastrointestinal function was examined because these popular antacids have a documented effect on fecal fat, an undocumented association with constipation, and a putative ability to ameliorate cocarcinogenic effects of bile acids and fatty acids on colonic mucosa. Intake-output studies were conducted over periods of three weeks during which time dietary intake was controlled (20 g fiber daily), and the order of treatment (control, calcium carbonate, aluminum hydroxide) was randomized. Neither

Gastric antisecretory, antiulcer and cytoprotective properties of 9-hydroxy-19,20-bis-nor-prostanoic acid in experimental animals.

9-Hydroxy-19,20-bis-nor-prostanoic acid (IBI-C83) was evaluated on gastric acid secretion and gastric lesions induced in laboratory animals … isplayed in its cytoprotective activity, compound IBI-C83 does not affect cardiovascular functions, gastrointestinal transit and uterine motility.

Respiratory hydrogen secretion: a simple test of bowel adaptation in infants with short gut syndrome.

The prime goal in the management of infants with short gut syndrome is the smooth transition from total parenteral alimentation to total gastrointestinal alimentation. Such transition is dependent upon early feeding to actively promote the intestinal mucosal hyperplasia that is the key to eventual oral alimentation. A modular hyposmolar formula was previously reported to be successful in promoting the intestinal adaptation in several infants with short gut syndrome. Progression of the daily diet was dependent upon the day's clinical response, i.e., whether a change in volume or substrate compo

Differences in Perspectives and Policies Regarding End-of-Life Care Between Hematologists and Gastroenterologists.

BackgroundPatients with hematologic malignancies often receive aggressive treatment until the terminal phase and transition to end-of-life (EOL) care less frequently than those with solid tumors. A 2015 survey compared hematologists' and solid tumor-oncologists' attitudes toward EOL care, revealing differences. A decade later, no similar reports have appeared despite therapeutic advances. Therefore, we repeated the survey with additional questions to examine whether perspectives on EOL care have changed.MethodsA 50-item questionnaire was administered to hematologists and gastroenterologists. R

Efficacy of Different Nonpharmacological Interventions as Adjunctive Treatments for Postoperative Nausea and Vomiting: A Systematic Review and Bayesian Network Meta-analysis.

PURPOSE: This network meta-analysis aimed to compare the efficacy of nonpharmacological adjunctive interventions for postoperative nausea and vomiting (PONV) in patients undergoing non‑gastrointestinal surgery, with formal assessment of transitivity and consistency. DESIGN: Systematic review and NMA. METHODS: Eight electronic databases were searched up to October 2024. Pairwise and Bayesian network meta‑analyses were performed. Transitivity, consistency, and sensitivity analyses were conducted. Evidence quality was rated using the GRADE approach. FINDINGS: Fifty‑four randomized controlled t

A Case of Chronic Intestinal Pseudo-Obstruction Managed With Percutaneous Endoscopic Transgastric Jejunostomy (PEG-J).

Chronic intestinal pseudo-obstruction (CIPO) is a rare, debilitating gastrointestinal motility disorder characterized by symptoms of intestinal obstruction in the absence of a mechanical cause. Although no definitive treatment currently exists, multidisciplinary therapies such as percutaneous endoscopic transgastric jejunostomy (PEG-J) for intestinal decompression have improved symptom control, enabled the partial resumption of oral intake, and facilitated a transition to outpatient management. We report the case of a 65-year-old woman who was diagnosed with CIPO following emergency surgery fo

Regulators of commensal and pathogenic life-styles of an opportunistic fungus-Candida albicans.

The yeast Candida albicans is primarily a commensal of humans that colonizes the mucosal surfaces of the gastrointestinal and genital tracts. Yet, C. albicans can under certain circumstances undergo a shift from commensalism to pathogenicity. This transition is governed by fungal factors such as morphological transitions, environmental cues for instance relationships with gut microbiota and the host immune system. C. albicans utilizes distinct sets of regulatory programs to colonize or infect its host and to evade the host defense systems. Moreover, an orchestrated iron acquisition mechanism o

Bortezomib-induced gastrointestinal dysfunction, peripheral neuropathy and neuroimmune signalling are influenced by the gut microbiota in mice.

BACKGROUND: Peripheral neuropathy and gastrointestinal dysfunction are frequent, debilitating side effects of the neurotoxic myeloma drug bortezomib that reduce quality of life and adherence to optimal therapy. Therapeutic strategies to manage these complications are limited. Here, we have developed a mouse model of bortezomib side effects to investigate the role of the gut microbiota in their development. METHODS: C57BL/6 specific pathogen-free (SPF), germ-free (GF) and ex-GF mice (colonised with healthy gut microbiota via faecal microbiota transplantation [FMT]) were treated with bortezomib

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… H Intestinal motility, as assessed by total gastrointestinal transit time (TGITT). … H Intestinal motility, as assessed by total gastrointestinal transit time (TGITT). …

A comprehensive review of probiotics and human health-current prospective and applications.

The beneficial properties of probiotics have always been a point of interest. Probiotics play a major role in maintaining the health of Gast … l health. Encapsulation of probiotics safeguards them against risks during production, storage, and gastrointestinal transit. Heat, pressure, and oxidation eradicate probiotics and their protective qualities. Encapsulation of probiotics prolongs their viability, facilitates regulated release, reduces processing losses, and enables application in functional food products. …

Digestive parameters and gut microbiota load and composition along the in vivo piglet gastrointestinal tract.

The increased attention toward the role of the gut microbiome in health and disease for both animals and humans has fueled the demand for more relevant and accurate research models. In this study, we present an overview of biochemical and microbial parameters measured throughout the digestive tract of ten TopigsNorsvin × German Piétrain piglets to better understand the in vivo dynamics of digestive and fermentative processes in different gastrointestinal segments, as pigs are suggested to be a representative animal model for the human gastrointestinal tract. Our key findings include region-spe

Anti-Inflammatory Potential of Levilactobacillus brevis LBH1070 and Its Synbiotic in a Murine Model of Experimental Arthritis.

Arthritis is a chronic inflammatory disease characterized by progressive joint damage, in which oxidative stress and exacerbated immune responses play a critical role. Synbiotics, defined as a combination of probiotics and prebiotics, may enhance these beneficial effects; however, their efficacy depends on maintaining microbial viability throughout gastrointestinal transit. In this study, we evaluated the anti-inflammatory and antioxidant effects of Levilactobacillus brevis LBH1070. Lacticaseibacillus paracasei ATCC 334 and phenylbutazone (PBZ) were used as probiotic and allopathic drug contro…

Glucagon-like peptide agonists and use in short bowel syndrome - what about the side effects?

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: This review summarizes recent evidence on the use of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) and glucagon-like peptide-2 (GLP-2) agonists in the management of short bowel syndrome (SBS), with a focus on emerging therapies and real-world experience. It evaluates their impact on intestinal adaptation, safety, and future clinical potential. RECENT FINDINGS: GLP-2 agonists such as teduglutide continue to demonstrate improvements in intestinal absorption resulting in reductions in parenteral support (PS) requirements and improved quality of life. Clinical trials report that newer long-a

Advanced targeted curcumin delivery using biodegradable hierarchical microspheres with calcium pectinate matrix and hyaluronic acid moieties for enhancing colitis amelioration.

Oral targeted delivery systems for food bioactive compounds have attracted considerable attention for improving the efficiency of nutritional interventions. In this study, a hierarchical curcumin carrier with sequence-targeting capability was fabricated to mitigate colitis through a convenient and environmentally friendly approach. Initially, curcumin-loaded nanostructured lipid carriers (NLC) with hyaluronic acid (HA) moieties (HA-NLC) were prepared using ovalbumin-HA conjugates as emulsifiers. Subsequently, HA-NLC was immobilized within a calcium pectinate matrix using electrospray, leading