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Nanotechnology in Prostate Cancer: PSMA-Targeted Nanoplatforms, TME-Responsive Therapy, Immunomodulation, and Clinical Translation Challenges.

The field of nanotechnology has demonstrated considerable potential in the diagnosis and treatment of prostate cancer, particularly through the use of prostate-specific membrane antigen (PSMA)-targeted platforms and tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive systems. In the context of diagnosis, nanoparticle-based molecular imaging probes have been shown to enhance detection sensitivity and specificity. These probes include superparamagnetic iron oxide, which is utilized in magnetic resonance imaging, and near-infrared fluorescent nanomicelles. Additionally, nanostructured liquid biopsy systems h

Enhancement of pomalidomide anti-tumor response with ACY-241, a selective HDAC6 inhibitor.

Thalidomide-based Immunomodulatory Drugs (IMiDs®), including lenalidomide and pomalidomide, are effective therapeutics for multiple myeloma. These agents have been approved with, or are under clinical development with, other targeted therapies including proteasome inhibitors, αCD38 monoclonal antibodies, as well as histone deacetylase (HDAC) inhibitors for combination therapy. HDAC inhibitors broadly targeting Class I and IIb HDACs have shown potent preclinical efficacy but have frequently demonstrated an undesirable safety profile in combination therapy approaches in clinical studies. Therefo

SFRP5 inhibits melanin synthesis of melanocytes in vitiligo by suppressing the Wnt/β-catenin signaling.

Secreted frizzled-related protein 5 (SFRP5) plays a pivotal role in regulating the development of many tissues and organs, however, as an inhibitor of Wnt signaling, the role of SFRP5 in vitiligo remains unknown. Hence, we speculated that SFRP5 might be associated with melanogenesis in melanocytes by regulating Wnt signaling in vitiligo. In this study, we found that SFRP5 was overexpressed in the skin lesions of patients with vitiligo. Compared with that in normal epidermal melanocytes (PIG1), the expression of SFRP5 was increased in vitiligo melanocytes (PIG3V). To investigate the effect of S

Совпадение в полном тексте источника
… Adenoviral transfection Recombinant adenovirus SFRP5 (AdSFRP5) and recombinant adenovirus red fluorescent protein (AdRFP, as control) were kindly donated by Dr. T.C. He (Medical Center of University of Chicago, Chicago, IL, USA). …

Железо и нейродегенерация в множестве склерозов

Увеличение осаждения железа может быть связано с множественным склерозом (МС). Недавнее развитие МРТ позволило количественно определить уровни мозгового железа, что повысило интерес к изучению роли железа в MS. Данные об аномальном гомеостазе железа в MS также получены в результате анализа белков железа и железа в CSF, а также крови и послесмертных сеток мозга MS. Однако пока не ясно, связано ли накопление железа с патологией MS или просто отражает эпифеноменон. Дополнительный интерес вызвала идея хронической цереброспиновой недостаточности, которая может быть связана с накоплением мозгового ж

Multiple myeloma presenting with amyloid arthropathy as the first manifestation: Two case reports.

BACKGROUND: Multiple myeloma (MM) can be accompanied by amyloidosis, which occurs in a small number of patients and is characterized by deposition of light chains in the joints, leading to multiple myeloma-associated amyloid arthropathy (MAA). As a rare complication of MM, clinical manifestations of MAA are often similar to those of rheumatoid arthritis, and the two are easily confused. CASE SUMMARY: In recent years, our center treated two patients of MM with amyloid arthropathy as the first manifestation, both of whom presented with polyarthritis. After treatment for MM, both patients achiev

Связанный с воспалением IncRNA вызывает нейронные повреждения в результате митохондриальной дисфункции.

В качестве ключевых факторов в регулировании генов появляются некодирующие SNP, которые часто находят свое отражение в специфических для тканей регулятивных элементах. Среди этих элементов длинные некодирующие РНК (lncRNA) участвуют во многих клеточных процессах, и их характеристики делают эти молекулы привлекательными для терапевтических целей. В этом исследовании мы изучили IncRNA LOC339803 в контексте нейронных клеток, которые расположены в районе 2p15, связанном с автоиммунитетом, и недавно описываем, что они играют провоспалительную роль в кишечных расстройствах. Используя образцы мозга ч

Трансдифференциация новообразования плазменных клеток в острую миэлоидную лейкемию с моноциклическими характеристиками: сообщение о разном фенотипе с идентичным генотипом.

Myeloid malignatures после обработки опухолей плазменных клеток (PCN) встречается редко, но является серьезным осложнением, часто демонстрируя сложные кариотипы и мутации TP53. Нечасто сообщается о переходе на миелиоидную гадость с явной клональной связью. Здесь мы сообщаем об уникальном случае острой лейкемии миэлоида с моноцитической дифференциацией, которая разделяет клональные свойства с предшествующей плазменной клеточной миэломой с t (t)4;14) FGFR3:IGH. Это явление отличается от связанной с терапией миэлоидной неоплазмы, вызванной не связанным с ней клоном, и подчеркивает необходимость р

Необычный Строук-Вроде Презентации Множественного Склероза в 27-летнем человеке.

Трубоактивный множественный склероз (TMS) является редким подтипом множественного склероза с различными клиническими представлениями, что часто приводит к задержкам с диагностикой и началом лечения. В ходе исследования она имеет большое (>2 см) демиелинирующее массово похожее повреждение и может сопровождаться кольцевым улучшением, опасным отёком и массовым эффектом. Мы сообщаем о случае с 27-летним мужчиной, у которого была правая слабость и онемение. Год назад он выступил с аналогичной презентацией без окончательного диагноза. Вычисленная томография (CT) мозга выявила многочисленные двусторо

Polyphenolic natural products as photosensitizers for antimicrobial photodynamic therapy: recent advances and future prospects.

Antimicrobial photodynamic therapy (aPDT) has become a potent contender in the fight against microbial infections, especially in the context of the rising antibiotic resistance crisis. Recently, there has been significant interest in polyphenolic natural products as potential photosensitizers (PSs) in aPDT, given their unique chemical structures and inherent antimicrobial properties. Polyphenolic natural products, abundant and readily obtainable from natural sources, are generally regarded as safe and highly compatible with the human body. This comprehensive review focuses on the latest develo

Recent advances in the diagnosis and management of amyloid cardiomyopathy.

Amyloidosis is a disorder characterized by misfolded precursor proteins that form depositions of fibrillar aggregates with an abnormal cross-beta-sheet conformation, known as amyloid, in the extracellular space of several tissues. Although there are more than 30 known amyloidogenic proteins, both hereditary and non-hereditary, cardiac amyloidosis (CA) typically arises from either misfolded transthyretin (ATTR amyloidosis) or immunoglobulin light-chain aggregation (AL amyloidosis). Its prevalence is more common than previously thought, especially among patients with heart failure and preserved

Resveratrol downregulates interleukin-6-stimulated sonic hedgehog signaling in human acute myeloid leukemia.

IL-6 and sonic hedgehog (Shh) signaling molecules are considered to maintain the growth of cancer stem cells (CSCs). Resveratrol, an important integrant in traditional Chinese medicine, possesses certain antitumor effects. However, the mechanisms on regulating acute myeloid leukemia (AML) are unclear. This study first used human subjects to demonstrate that the plasma levels of IL-6 and IL-1 β in AML patients were higher and lower, respectively, than healthy donors. The expression of Shh preproproteins, and C- and N-terminal Shh peptides increased in bone marrow and peripheral blood mononuclea

Investigating miR-9 as a mediator in laryngeal cancer health disparities.

BackgroundFor several decades, Black patients have carried a higher burden of laryngeal cancer among all races. Even when accounting for sociodemographics, a disparity remains. Differentially expressed microRNAs have been linked to racially disparate clinical outcomes in breast and prostate cancers, yet an association in laryngeal cancer has not been addressed. In this study, we present our computational analysis of differentially expressed miRNAs in Black compared with White laryngeal cancer and further validate microRNA-9-5p (miR-9-5p) as a potential mediator of cancer phenotype and chemores

Adenosine A2A receptor-mediated interactions between Th1+ T cells and the choroid plexus epithelium via IFN-γ signalling control T-Cell infiltration in experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis.

BACKGROUND: Adenosine A2A receptor (A2AR) antagonists have been consistently demonstrated to protect against multiple sclerosis (MS) pathology, but A2AR knockout (A2AR-/-) mice exhibit exacerbated immune injury, raising concerns regarding the use of A2AR antagonists for MS treatment. Here, we revealed the critical involvement of A2AR-mediated interactions between Th1+ T cells and the choroid plexus (ChP) epithelium in the pathology of experimental autoimmune encephalomyelitis (EAE). METHODS: We assessed the effects of A2AR knockout on ChP gateway activity and the interferon gamma (IFN-γ)-secr

Anti-tumor activities of the new oral pan-RAF inhibitor, TAK-580, used as monotherapy or in combination with novel agents in multiple myeloma.

Many RAS pathway inhibitors, including pan-RAF inhibitors, have shown significant anti-tumor activities in both solid and hematological tumors. The pan-RAF inhibitor, TAK-580, is a representative of the novel RAF inhibitors that act by disrupting RAF homo- or heterodimerization. In this study, we examined the anti-tumor effects of TAK-580 used as monotherapy or in combination with bortezomib, lenalidomide, or other novel agents in multiple myeloma (MM) cells in vitro. TAK-580 monotherapy potently targeted proteins in the RAS-RAF-MEK-ERK signaling pathway and induced potent cytotoxicity and apo

GZMK-expressing CD8+ T cells promote recurrent airway inflammatory diseases.

Inflammatory diseases are often chronic and recurrent, and current treatments do not typically remove underlying disease drivers1. T cells participate in a wide range of inflammatory diseases such as psoriasis2, Crohn's disease3, oesophagitis4 and multiple sclerosis5,6, and clonally expanded antigen-specific T cells may contribute to disease chronicity and recurrence, in part by forming persistent pathogenic memory. Chronic rhinosinusitis and asthma are inflammatory airway diseases that often present as comorbidities7. Chronic rhinosinusitis affects more than 10% of the general population8. Am

Long-term safety and efficacy of the fully human CAR-T therapy CT103A in relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma.

CT103A is a fully human chimeric antigen receptor T cell (CAR-T) product for targeting B cell maturation antigen. This study presents the updated safety and efficacy profiles of CT103A in patients with relapsed/refractory multiple myeloma (RRMM) after long-term follow-up. As of July 31, 2023, the median follow-up time after CAR-T cell infusion was 45.0 months (range, 0.7-58.3 months). During long-term follow-up, the incidence of adverse events gradually decreased over time. One patient had a maximum duration of response of nearly 5 years. All 18 patients (100%) achieved partial remission or be

Mcl-1 downregulation enhances BCG treatment efficacy in bladder cancer by promoting macrophage polarization.

BackgroundBacillus Calmette-Guérin (BCG) is the primary method of postoperative perfusion treatment for bladder cancer. The myeloid cell leukemia gene-1 (Mcl-1) is closely associated with the development of malignant tumors. Previous research by our group has demonstrated that downregulating Mcl-1 using shRNA can enhance the efficacy of BCG treatment in bladder cancer. This study aims to investigate the impact of Mcl-1 downregulation in combination with BCG treatment on bladder cancer, macrophage polarization, and the underlying mechanism of action, with the goal of reducing recurrence and met

Gene Expression Profiles Identify Biomarkers of Resistance to Decitabine in Myelodysplastic Syndromes.

Myelodysplastic syndrome (MDS) is a clonal hematopoietic stem cell disease characterized by inefficient hematopoiesis and the potential development of acute leukemia. Among the most notable advances in the treatment of MDS is the hypomethylating agent, decitabine (5-aza-2'deoxycytidine). Although decitabine is well known as an effective method for treating MDS patients, only a subset of patients respond and a tolerance often develops, leading to treatment failure. Moreover, decitabine treatment is costly and causes unnecessary toxicity. Therefore, clarifying the mechanism of decitabine resista

Okay, so I need to translate this medical text into Russian. Let me first read through the original sentence carefully. The sentence is: "N-Azacytidine Inhibits Myeloma Cell Growth While Preserving Multiple Myeloma Patient Derived-Bone Marrow Mesenchymal Stromal Cells Differentiation." Hmm, the key here is to translate it accurately using proper clinical and anatomical terms. Let me break it down. First, "N-Azacytidine" is a drug name. In Russian, drug names are often transliterated or use the original name with some adaptation. I think in Russian medical literature, they might use the international nonproprietary name, which is "N-азацидидин" or maybe "N-азацидид"? Wait, no, let me check. Wait, the international nonproprietary name for N-Azacytidine is "азацидидин" (azacitidine) in Russian. Wait, but the chemical name is N-Azacytidine, which is a nucleoside analog. In Russian, the term for azacitidine is "азацидидин" (azacitidine). Wait, but the original says "N-Azacytidine", so maybe it's "N-азацидидин" but I think in Russian medical terms, they might just use "азацидидин" without the

Множественная миелома (ММ) — неизлечимая гематологическая порча, вызванная аномальным распространением неизлечимо дифференцированных плазменных клеток в костном мозге. Текущие исследования показывают, что N-azacytidine как эпигенетическое лекарство и нуклеозный метаболический ингибитор могут быть эффективными при лечении MM. Вместе с тем данные о мезенхимальных стромальных клетках костного мозга (МСЦВ) в качестве критической клеточной популяции в процессах гематопоизи и реконструирования костей ограничены.МЕТОДЫ: Воздействие N-azacytidine на клеточную линию миэломы AMO-1, мезенхимальные строма

Innovative Peptide Therapeutics in the Pipeline: Transforming Cancer Detection and Treatment.

Cancer remains a leading global health burden, profoundly affecting patient survival and quality of life. Current treatments-including chemotherapy, radiotherapy, immunotherapy, and surgery-are often limited by toxicity or insufficient specificity. Conventional chemotherapy, for instance, indiscriminately attacks rapidly dividing cells, causing severe side effects. In contrast, peptide-based therapeutics offer a paradigm shift, combining high tumour-targeting precision with minimal off-target effects. Their low immunogenicity, multi-pathway modulation capabilities, and adaptability for diagnos