Результаты поиска

Pathologic features of dysplasia and accompanying alterations observed in surgical specimens from patients with intractable epilepsy.

Malformations caused by abnormalities of cortical development, or cortical dysplasias, were examined in surgical specimens from 108 patients … the cortex and features indicating the occurrence in the white matter of demyelination followed by remyelination. Thus, with regard to the epileptogenic lesions, although dysplastic changes constitute the pathogenetic basis, the overlapping subsequent degenerative processes involving synapses, dendrites, and axons might contribute to the development of epilept …

Mapping of taiep rat phenotype to rat Chromosome 9.

The taiep mutant rat was first described in a colony of Sprague-Dawley rats at the University of Puebla in 1989, with an autosomal recessive … ion is of great relevance to the function of the cell in human myelin disorders and in experimental remyelination. As the taiep rat apparently has a primary disorder in the oligodendrocyte cytoskeleton, it is an ideal model in which to study this process. This information may also be a key to the complete understanding of the mechanism of microtubule assembly/d …

Neuregulin-1 isoforms are differentially expressed in the intact and regenerating adult rat nervous system.

Our knowledge on Neuregulin-1 (Nrg-1) during development of the nervous system is increasing rapidly, but little is known about Nrg-1-ErbB s … display an initial downregulation of mRNA levels, followed by an increase during the period of axon remyelination. Thus, Nrg- 1-beta2 and -beta4 might be involved in myelination.

Hypermyelinating neuropathy, mental retardation and epilepsy in a case of merosin deficiency.

Children with a deficiency of laminin alpha 2 chain generally show an involvement of skeletal muscles, cerebral white matter and peripheral … ically located at the paranodal regions. A mild loss of myelinated fibers without any demyelination-remyelination changes was found. Haplotype analysis suggested linkage to the LAMA2 locus. Our case is peculiar as the putative mutation probably affects the expression of laminin alpha 2 chain is affected in a tissue specific manner: the protein is virtually abse …

Rapid release and unusual stability of immunodominant peptide 45-89 from citrullinated myelin basic protein.

Myelin basic protein (MBP) exists in a population of isoforms and isomers. The 18.5 kDa MBP-C1, the main human adult isoform, has 170 residues and is relatively unmodified, whereas the same isoform can be citrullinated on six arginine residues to create the MBP-C8 (MBP Cit6) isomer. MBP Cit6 dominates in MS brain, accounting for 45% rather than 25% of the population of MBP isomers. In the fulminant form of MS, known as Marburg's Disease, 18 of the 19 arginines in MBP are citrullinated (MBP Cit18). Citrullination of MBP could lead to instability of myelin or limited remyelination. In this inves…

Effects of phospholipase A2 on lumbar nerve root structure and function.

STUDY DESIGN: To investigate the effects of phospholipase A2 on the neurophysiology and histology of rat lumbar spinal nerves and the corres … mately 0.1 second. Loss of myelin was seen in the nerve root cross sections in the 3-day group, and remyelination was observed in the 21-day group. No abnormality was found in the control groups. CONCLUSIONS: Based on these studies, it is hypothesized that phospholipase A2 causes demyelination that results in hypersensitive regions where ectopic discharge may …

The phenotypic manifestations of chromosome 17p11.2 duplication.

Clinical and electrophysiological investigations and nerve biopsies were carried out on 61 patients shown to have a chromosome 17p11.2 dupli … in their nerve biopsies, myelin thickness tended to be relatively reduced for axon size, indicating remyelination and/or hypomyelination; there was also regression of the onion bulbs. It is concluded that the possession of two copies of the peripheral myelin protein 22 gene within the duplicated region on chromosome 17p gives rise to a range of phenotypes and n …

Macrophage recruitment in different models of nerve injury: lysozyme as a marker for active phagocytosis.

Macrophages play critical roles in both degenerative and regenerative processes following peripheral nerve injury. These include phagocytosi … tive in phagocytosis. Tellurium intoxication, which causes synchronous demyelination and subsequent remyelination of only about 25% of myelin internodes, recruited more macrophages (and induced more lysozyme expression) than either nerve crush or cut, which cause demyelination of all internodes distal to the injury site. This suggests that Schwann cells may rec …

Spread of a neurotropic coronavirus to spinal cord white matter via neurons and astrocytes.

Mouse hepatitis virus strain JHM (MHV-JHM) causes a chronic encephalomyelitis in susceptible mice, with histological evidence of demyelinati … unction and, by extrapolation, have a major role in vivo in the processes of both demyelination and remyelination. Thus, our results not only outline the probable pathway used by MHV-JHM to infect the white matter of the spinal cord but also, with the assumption that infection of astrocytes leads to subsequent dysfunction, raise the possibility that infection o …

Hyperthermic injury versus crush injury in the rat sciatic nerve: a comparative functional, histopathological and morphometrical study.

Functional and morphological changes of the rat sciatic nerve after local hyperthermia (30 min, 45 degrees C) and crush treatment were compared. After hyperthermic injury nerve function loss developed in a time period of about 7 h. Nerve crush led to an immediate loss of nerve function. Nerve function loss was assessed by a motor and a sensory function test. Recovery from function loss took place in both treatment groups and was complete in 4-5 weeks. Early (within 8 h post-treatment) histopathological changes in the nerve after heating included edema, possible blood stasis and changes in the

Sensory action potentials and biopsy of the sural nerve in neuropathy.

In 167 consecutive patients with various types of neuropathy, the amplitude of the sensory potential and the maximum conduction velocity alo … 33 patients with normal electrophysiology in the sural nerve showed mild loss of fibres or signs of remyelination in teased fibres. The amplitude of the sensory potential was grossly related to the number of large myelinated fibres (more than 7 micrometer in diameter). Considering the 95 nerves from which teased fibres were obtained, maximum conduction velocity …

Investigation of Neuropathology after Nerve Release in Chronic Constriction Injury of Rat Sciatic Nerve.

Peripheral compressive neuropathy causes significant neuropathic pain, muscle weakness and prolong neuroinflammation. Surgical decompression remains the gold standard of treatment but the outcome is suboptimal with a high recurrence rate. From mechanical compression to chemical propagation of the local inflammatory signals, little is known about the distinct neuropathologic patterns and the genetic signatures after nerve decompression. In this study, controllable mechanical constriction forces over rat sciatic nerve induces irreversible sensorimotor dysfunction with sustained local neuroinflam

Therapeutic potential of liver X receptor agonist GW3965 in preserving myelin integrity following traumatic brain injury.

BACKGROUND: Myelin, a multilamellar sheath produced by oligodendrocytes, ensures rapid electrical impulse conduction and maintains axonal in … ation of LXRs promotes oligodendrocyte maturation, enhances myelin gene expression, and facilitates remyelination. We hypothesized that GW3965, a synthetic LXR agonist, would enhance myelination and improved cognitive outcomes after TBI. APPROACHES: C57BL/6 mice were subjected to mild TBI using a closed-head injury model and treated orally with GW3965 (10 mg·k …

Advancing Peripheral Nerve Regeneration (Nerve SPACE 2025).

UNLABELLED: Peripheral nerve injuries remain a major clinical challenge due to slow axonal regeneration, rapid Wallerian degeneration (WD), … ugmentation with 4-aminopyridine, which enhances conduction across demyelinated fibers and promotes remyelination. WHERE DO WE NEED TO GO?: Optimizing the local microenvironment through cellular and molecular adjuncts, including mesenchymal stem cells, Schwann cells, exosomes, surgical angiogenesis, and local delivery of neuroregenerative drugs such as FK506, …

Engineered CCR2 positive macrophages coordinate immunoregulation with neural regeneration and matrix remodeling after spinal cord injury.

RATIONALE: Spinal cord injury (SCI) triggers a complex secondary injury process characterized by inflammation, neuronal loss, extracellular … enuated inflammation, improved the local repair microenvironment, and promoted axonal regeneration, remyelination, and ECM remodeling, accompanied by partial recovery of electrophysiological and motor function after SCI. RNA-seq analysis further supported broad changes in pathways related to immune regulation, neural repair, myelination, and matrix remodeling. …

In Vivo Evaluation of Conductive Biopolymer-Based 3D Bioprinted Nerve Conduit in Sciatic Nerve Injury Repair.

Peripheral nerve injury (PNI) is one of the most common conditions that occurs due to trauma and accidents. A successful peripheral nerve re … es at 21-day post-implantation. Histological analyses further confirmed good nerve fiber alignment, remyelination and reduced collagen percentage in the regenerated nerve. Overall, these findings establish that incorporation of rGO within Alg/MC hydrogel along with a dual crosslinking strategy provided structural and conductive cues to the nerve conduit that ac …

Modulating miRNA-367-3p Expression by Kaempferol Alleviates Experimental Autoimmune Encephalomyelitis: Targeting Fpn1-Dependent Ferroptosis and cAMP/CREB/CNTF Signaling.

Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a progressive, immune-mediated demyelinating disorder of the central nervous system (CNS). Kaempferol (KAM), a di … y attenuated proinflammatory cytokine IL-17 and chemokine CCL-19. Intriguingly, KAM promoted axonal remyelination as indicated by an observable escalation in myelin basic protein content through activating the cAMP/CREB/ciliary neurotrophic factor (CNTF) axis. Collectively, for the first time, these findings demonstrated KAM’s neuroprotective potency against EA …

Разоблачение неврологических выгод: обзор гемплического листа, цветка, экстракции семенного масла и их фитохимических свойств в неврологических расстройствах.

Неврологические расстройства, такие, как эпилепсия, болезнь Альцгеймера, болезнь Паркинсона и множественный склероз, представляют собой значительные глобальные проблемы в области здравоохранения, связанные со сложной патофизиологией и ограниченными терапевтическими возможностями, которые часто оказывают существенное побочное воздействие. Приобретенные гемпами соединения, в частности семена сативы Каннабиса, листья и цветы, привлекли внимание к их потенциальным нейрозащитным свойствам. Цель этого обзора заключается в обобщении текущих данных о терапевтических выгодах, связанных с гемповыми соед

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Neurological disorders such as epilepsy, Alzheimer's disease, Parkinson's disease, and multiple sclerosis present significant global health … s disease, alleviating neuroinflammation and oxidative stress in Alzheimer's disease, and promoting remyelination in multiple sclerosis. The entourage effect, where cannabinoids, terpenes, and flavonoids work synergistically, enhances these therapeutic effects. Innovations in extraction technologies have optimized yield and preserved bioactivity, further enhanc …

Single-cell transcriptomic landscape of sciatic nerve after transection injury.

Peripheral nerve injuries, particularly those affecting the sciatic nerve, often result in incomplete functional recovery due to the limited … erapeutic targets-such as early Mac heterogeneity, NF4-mediated matrix remodeling, and Schwann cell remyelination-for enhancing functional recovery following severe nerve injury.

Аксонное обеспечение и фокус миэлина дистрофии изменяют потенциальные возможности распространения в многокамерных нейронных моделях.

Потенциалы действий (ВП) распространяются вдоль аксонов, с тем чтобы обеспечить точную и быструю нейронную связь. Аксоны расширяют диапазон данных нейронов, распространяя сигналы на множественные цели, но также увеличивая их электрические требования. Myelication облегчает соленое проводничество, резко увеличивая скорость передачи и обеспечивая точность проведения на большие расстояния. Взаимосвязь между миелиной дистрофией и аксонной арборизацией по-прежнему в значительной степени не изучена, несмотря на их роль в повреждении АП-провода в мозговых цепях. Здесь мы использовали когорты биофизиче

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Action potentials (APs) propagate along axons to enable precise and rapid neuronal communication. Axon collaterals extend a given neuron's r … ghtened vulnerability, where even focal myelin damage markedly impaired conduction. The efficacy of remyelination to restore CV depended on the number of segments that replaced each demyelinated region. Effective length constant and focal input resistance largely predicted CV reductions caused by structural changes. In addition to demyelination, CV was highly s …