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Cytomegalovirus DNAemia in Hospitalized Adults With SARS-CoV-2 Infection Requiring Supplemental Oxygen: Virologic and Clinical Characteristics and Association With Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: Cytomegalovirus (CMV) reactivation occurs in the context of coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19); however, the viral kinetics, risk factors, and clinical outcomes are poorly defined. METHODS: We examined the association of CMV DNAemia with clinical outcomes among participants of a randomized trial of remdesivir with or without baricitinib (National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases [NIAID], Adaptive COVID-19 Treatment Trial 2 [ACTT-2]). Plasma CMV DNAemia from CMV-seropositive participants with COVID-19 (NIAID ordinal scale [OS] 5, 6, or 7 at entry) were assessed longitu

Longitudinal Changes in Lipid Profile After Sustained Virological Response in Patients with Chronic Hepatitis C Treated with Direct-Acting Antivirals.

Background: Direct-acting antiviral (DAA) therapy has transformed chronic hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection into a curable disease. Beyond viral eradication, increasing attention has been directed toward metabolic changes following sustained virological response (SVR), particularly alterations in lipid metabolism. This study aimed to assess the long-term evolution of lipid parameters after HCV cure in a real-world clinical cohort. Methods: We conducted a prospective, single-center observational study including 85 patients with chronic HCV infection who achieved SVR after DAA therapy. Lipid par

Changes in the Liver Fibrosis of Patients Who Develop Hepatocellular Carcinoma After a Sustained Virologic Response to Hepatitis C Virus Infection.

The risk of developing hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) persists in patients with cirrhosis and a sustained virologic response (SVR, the eradication of hepatitis C virus [HCV]), and therefore surveillance for HCC is recommended. However, patients with mild or no fibrosis are usually at low risk and HCC surveillance is not recommended in many guidelines. Nevertheless, some patients experience post-SVR HCC despite having low degree liver fibrosis. We characterized the changes in liver fibrosis in patients in whom HCC developed after SVR. We performed a nationwide multicenter study, during which HC

Virological outcomes with Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in people previously treated with darunavir-based antiretroviral therapy.

BACKGROUND: Darunavir-based antiretroviral therapy (ART) is commonly used in people with HIV who experience adherence challenges and/or have complex resistance patterns. Changes in ART commissioning have led to an increased use of Bictegravir/Emtricitabine/Tenofovir alafenamide (B/F/TAF) in these populations despite limited real-world outcome data. METHODS: Single centre, retrospective analysis of virological outcomes in individuals previously treated with Darunavir who initiated B/F/TAF before 01/01/2025. Logistic regression was used to analyse associations with sustained virological suppres

Effects of transition from paediatric to adult HIV care on virological outcomes in sub-Saharan Africa: A systematic review and meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: HIV remains a major global burden, with 2.4 million children and adolescents affected, 84% living in sub-Saharan Africa. As adolescents age, transitioning from paediatric to adult HIV care represents a critical period that may significantly affect antiretroviral therapy (ART) adherence, retention in care and virological suppression. A systematic evaluation of evidence from sub-Saharan Africa is essential to quantify the effects of healthcare transition on virological outcomes, especially viral suppression. METHODS: We systematically searched three electronic databases: PubMed, Sco

Next-generation sequencing reveals major and minority HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced individuals with virological failure.

We analyzed major and minority HIV-1 drug resistance mutations in treatment-experienced individuals with virological failure using next-generation sequencing. Conventional population-based sequencing has limited sensitivity for variants present at low intra-host frequencies, which may obscure resistant subpopulations in heavily treated patients. A total of 188 plasma samples collected between 2013 and 2015 were evaluated, of which 147 were successfully amplified and sequenced on the Illumina MiSeq platform. Minority variants were defined as resistance-associated mutations detected at frequenci

[Association between initial antiretroviral therapy regimens and virological outcomes in HIV-infected individuals in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, 2006-2025].

Objective: To analyze the association between the initial antiretroviral therapy (ART) regimens and virological outcomes among HIV-infected individuals in Taizhou, Zhejiang Province, 2006-2025. Methods: The data were collected from the China Information System for Disease Control and Prevention. The subjects were HIV-infected individuals in Taizhou from 2006 to 2025, who received ART for ≥24 weeks and underwent viral load testing ≥2 times. Cox proportional hazards regression model analysis was used to examine the association between the initial ART regimens and virological outcomes. Results: A

Machine learning quantifies immuno-virological interactions: a TRIPOD+AI compliant prediction model for HIV-1 salvage therapy outcomes.

BACKGROUND: The management of multidrug-resistant HIV-1 in patients experiencing virologic failure remains a critical clinical challenge. Traditional linear scoring systems often fail to adequately capture the complex evolutionary dynamics between the virus, host immunity, and antiretroviral regimens. This study aims to construct and validate a prediction model in line with the TRIPOD+AI statement to quantify the multidimensional, nonlinear interactions among "virus-host-drug" and to guide individualized clinical salvage therapy. METHODS: This retrospective cohort study integrated de-identifi

HIV drug resistance in children and adolescents on NNRTI-based antiretroviral therapy and subsequent virologic response to dolutegravir-based regimens in Ghana.

HIV drug resistance (HIVDR) was retrospectively characterized among 20 children and adolescents with HIV with virologic failure on non-nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NNRTI)-based therapy, and virologic response in those switched to dolutegravir (DTG)-based therapy described. All participants had at least one NNRTI resistance mutation, most commonly K103N (N = 12) and 15 (75%) had nucleoside reverse transcriptase inhibitor (NRTI) resistance mutations, most commonly M184I/V (N = 15). Five (45%) of 11 participants who were switched to DTG-based regimens for a median of 50 months had

Virologic Failure and Emergent Integrase Strand Transfer Inhibitor Drug Resistance With Long-Acting Cabotegravir for HIV Treatment: A Meta-analysis.

BACKGROUND: The long-acting injectable regimen of cabotegravir plus rilpivirine (CAB/RPV) emerged as an alternative to oral standard-of-care integrase strand transfer inhibitor (INSTI)-based regimens for individuals with adherence challenges or preference for reduced dosing schedules. Although oral INSTI regimens have a high barrier to emergent resistance, less is known about the potency and durability of CAB/RPV. METHODS: We reviewed clinical trial registries, PubMed, EMBASE, and conference abstract databases to identify reports of CAB/RPV for HIV therapy. We abstracted data on virologic fai

Virological outcomes of antiretroviral therapy and its determinants among HIV patients in Ethiopia: Implications for achieving the 95-95-95 target.

BACKGROUND: Despite significant advancements in HIV treatment, virological outcomes remain a critical issue. Ethiopia did not meet the 90:90:90 targets set for 2020, which aimed for 90% of people on antiretroviral therapy to achieve viral suppression. As the country shifts its focus toward the 95:95:95 targets for 2030-seeking to achieve 95% viral suppression among those on ART-it is crucial to deepen our understanding of viral suppression and the factors that influence it. METHODS: Virological suppression was examined among 410 HIV-positive individuals on ART using the EPHIA survey. The surv

Factors Influencing Virologic Control During Analytical Treatment Interruptions in HIV Cure Trials-a Pooled Analysis of Individual-Level Data.

BACKGROUND: Achieving antiretroviral therapy (ART)-free virologic control remains a central goal in human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) cure research. To identify factors associated with time to detectable viremia and time to loss of virologic control, we conducted a pooled analysis of 6 interventional trials that included analytical ART interruption. METHODS: We determined factors influencing time to detectable viremia (plasma HIV-RNA ≥50 copies/mL) and loss of virologic control (2 consecutive measurements of plasma HIV-RNA ≥5000 copies/mL or restart of ART) using Cox proportional hazard regr

The Skills to Manage Pain Randomized Trial: Results of Antiretroviral Therapy Adherence, HIV Primary Care Retention, and Virologic Suppression Outcomes.

BACKGROUND: People with HIV commonly endorse chronic pain contributing to poor HIV outcomes. This study is a secondary analysis of a multisite randomized control trial that improved pain with a behavioral pain treatment, Skills to Manage Pain (STOMP), among People with HIV and chronic pain. We examined whether participants randomized to STOMP, as compared with enhanced usual care (EUC), evidenced improved HIV outcomes at the 12-month follow-up visit. SETTING: Participants (N = 278) were recruited from Center for AIDS Research Network of Integrated Clinical Systems clinics in Alabama and NC. E

Virological response and predictive factors for antiviral treatment in chronic HBV-related liver disease with low ALT and high HBV DNA.

OBJECTIVE: To investigate virological response and predictive factors for antiviral treatment in chronic HBV patients with low ALT and high HBV DNA. METHODS: A retrospective study grouped chronic HBV patients by baseline ALT: ALT > 80 U/L (significantly elevated group, SAG), 40-80 U/L (mildly elevated group, MAG), and ≤ 40 U/L (normal group, NG). Inverse probability treatment weighting balanced confounding factors. Complete virological response (CVR, HBV DNA < 20 IU/mL) and partial virological response (PVR, HBV DNA ≥ 20 IU/mL) were defined. NG subgroup analyses were performed using baseline

Impact of HIV infection on the dynamics of liver stiffness in patients with hepatitis C virus chronic infection after sustained virological response.

BACKGROUND: After sustained virological response (SVR), liver stiffness (LS) usually decreases. However, information related to the impact of HIV co-infection in patients with advanced fibrosis is scarce. The aim was to analyze the impact of HIV co-infection on the LS dynamics after HCV cure. METHODS: Prospective study conducted in the GEHEP-011 multicenter cohort (initiated in October 2011-November 2023, ID NCT04460157), including patients with chronic HCV infection, with or without HIV co-infection, fulfilling: 1) SVR with direct-acting antivirals; 2) pre-treatment LS ≥ 9.5 kPa; 3) availabl

Человеческая альфа-герпесвирусная инфекция (HSV1, HSV2 и VZV), болезнь Альцгеймера и потенциальные выгоды целевого лечения или вакцинации-Вирологический взгляд.

Понимание вклада герпесвирусов человека в аэтологию нейродегенеративных заболеваний представляет интерес для всех. Наиболее исследуемым примером является связь вируса Эпштейн-Барр с множественным склерозом; однако по-прежнему отсутствуют окончательные доказательства причинно-следственной связи. Болезнь Альцгеймера (AD) является наиболее распространенной формой слабоумия и, как правило, проявляется у лиц в возрасте старше 65 лет; однако она также встречается у небольшого числа лиц в возрасте до 65 лет. Считается, что развитию АД способствует сочетание факторов окружающей среды, генетики и образ

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Understanding the contribution of human herpesviruses to the aetiology of neurodegenerative diseases is an emerging field of interest. The a … s there are currently no available cheap and effective treatments for AD. In this review, the basic virology of human alphaherpesviruses is described followed by their epidemiology and associations with AD. Finally, the prevention and treatment of human alphaherpesviruses are considered in the context of potential applications for the prevention of AD.

Switching to Dolutegravir/Lamivudine Two-Drug Regimen: Durability and Virologic Outcomes by Age, Sex, and Race in Routine US Clinical Care.

PURPOSE: Two-drug regimens (2DR) may address drug-drug interactions and toxicity concerns. Dolutegravir/lamivudine (DTG/3TC) 2DR was approved in the US for both treatment-naïve and treatment-experienced individuals with a viral load <50 copies/mL. This study describes real-world DTG/3TC 2DR treatment outcomes among treatment-experienced individuals, stratified by age, sex, and race. METHODS: From the OPERA® cohort, people with HIV with a viral load <50 copies/mL who switched from a commonly used three-drug regimen to DTG/3TC 2DR as per the label between April 8, 2019 and April 30, 2021 were i

Virologic Failure, Clinical Characteristics, and Common Viral Mutations in HIV Patients From Southwestern Colombia: A Nested Case-Control Study.

Introduction Virologic failure due to antiretroviral drug resistance is a threat to efforts to control the human immunodeficiency virus (HIV) epidemic. Understanding the factors that influence the genetic and clinical expression of drug resistance is fundamental for infection control. Methods A nested case-control study was conducted on a cohort of adult HIV patients between 2016 and 2022. The cases were defined as patients with a confirmed diagnosis of virologic failure due to drug resistance, as indicated by a viral genotype result. The control group consisted of patients who had not experie

Serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer dynamics in patients achieving sustained virologic response for hepatitis C virus.

BACKGROUND AND AIM: Understanding the dynamics of serum Mac-2 binding protein glycosylation isomer (M2BPGi) remains pivotal for hepatitis C virus (HCV) patients' post-sustained virologic response (SVR12) through direct-acting antivirals (DAAs). METHODS: We compared areas under receiver operating characteristic curves (AUROCs) of M2BPGi, FIB-4, and APRI and assess M2BPGi cutoff levels in predicting fibrosis stages of ≥F3 and F4 utilizing transient elastography in 638 patients. Variations in M2BPGi levels from pretreatment to SVR12 and their association with pretreatment alanine transaminase (A

Impact of Treatment with Direct Antivirals on Coagulation Parameters in Patients with Hepatitis C Virus-Related Liver Cirrhosis and Sustained Virological Response.

Background and Objectives: Sustained virologic responses (SVRs) lead to a decrease in portal hypertension, the regression of fibrosis, and the improvement in the hepatic synthesis of procoagulant and anticoagulant factors. We aimed to assess the influence of SVR on coagulation parameters in cirrhotic patients with HCV treated with DAAs. Methods: We performed a prospective study in the Institute of Gastroenterology and Hepatology Iasi, Romania, between January 2022 and February 2024. We included patients diagnosed with compensated and decompensated HCV-related liver cirrhosis, treated with dire