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Detection of rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 in formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues via in situ hybridization.

Formalin-fixed, paraffin-embedded tissues from European rabbits (Oryctolagus cuniculus) that succumbed to rabbit hemorrhagic disease virus 2 (RHDV2; Lagovirus GI.2) during the 2019 outbreak in Washington, USA, were utilized for in situ hybridization via RNAscope (ACDBio). This detection method was both sensitive and specific, with no staining in tissues from RHDV- (Lagovirus GI.1) and RHDV2-negative rabbits, and only slight background staining of RHDV-positive rabbits; RHDV2-positive tissues had bright-red cytoplasmic staining. Although much of the viral mRNA detection was consistent with prev…

Prevalence, Pattern, and Factors Associated With Self-reported Disability Among the Bhutanese Population: A Secondary Data Analysis of Population and Housing Census.

We analyzed the Population and Health Census of Bhutan (PHCB) 2017 to assess the prevalence and pattern of self-reported disability among people aged ≥15 years and the associated factors. The PHCB 2017 used the Washington Group Short Set on Functioning questionnaire to assess the disability ("lot of difficulty" or "cannot do at all") in seeing, hearing, mobility, cognition, self-care, and communication. Of the 536 443 persons included in the analysis, 384 101(71.6%) were aged <45 years, 283 453(52.8%) were men, and 206 103(38.4%) were from the rural area. The prevalence of any self-reported di…

The Interaction of Race and Gender as a Significant Driver of Racial Arrest Disparities for African American Men.

The mass incarceration of African Americans is both a driver of racial health inequalities in the USA. Systemic social biases which associate African American men with criminality, violence, and as a particular threat to white women may partially explain their over-representation in the criminal justice system. We combined data from the Washington, DC Metro Police Department (MPD) and the American Community Survey to test whether neighborhood-level gender, race, and economic makeup were associated with elevated drug-related arrest disproportions for African American men. We found that African …

Antiretroviral Treatment Interruptions Among Black and Latina Transgender Women Living with HIV: Characterizing Co-occurring, Multilevel Factors Using the Gender Affirmation Framework.

Black and Latina transgender women (BLTW) are disproportionately impacted by HIV but remain underrepresented in HIV and health services research. Between March 2016 and May 2017, BLTW (N = 201) were recruited in Baltimore, Maryland and Washington, DC through convenience sampling for a survey assessing multilevel determinants of HIV risk and treatment outcomes. Interviews concluded with a rapid oral HIV test. Bivariate and multivariable logistic regression modeling was performed to identify gender affirmation-related correlates of self-reported HIV treatment interruptions (HIVTIs) among BLTW li…

2018 JOSPT Award Recipients.

During the American Physical Therapy Association's Combined Sections Meeting in Washington, DC in January 2019, JOSPT recognized the authors of the most outstanding research and clinical practice manuscripts published in JOSPT during 2018. The 2018 George J. Davies-James A. Gould Excellence in Clinical Inquiry Award was presented to Joseph R. Kardouni, PT, PhD; Tracie L. Shing, MPH; Craig J. McKinnon, MPH; Dennis E. Scofield, MAEd; and Susan P. Proctor, DSc for their July 2018 article, "Risk for Lower Extremity Injury After Concussion: A Matched Cohort Study in Soldiers." The 2018 JOSPT Excell…

Quality of life in patients with larynx cancer in Latin America: Comparison between laryngectomy and organ preservation protocols.

The effect on quality of life (QOL) of laryngectomy and organ preservation protocols is important in decision making. The aim of this cross-sectional study was to evaluate QOL outcomes of patients with advanced laryngeal tumors who were treated with laryngectomy or organ preservation protocols in Latin America. A total of 35 patients from three oncology units were enrolled. Patients with stage III/IV laryngeal cancer who were treated using organ preservation protocols or laryngectomy were assessed with the University of Washington QOL Questionnaire. The most important domains that affected QOL…

The role of angiotensin receptor-neprilysin inhibitors in cardiovascular disease-existing evidence, knowledge gaps, and future directions.

Although traditional renin-angiotensin system antagonists including angiotensin-converting enzyme inhibitors and angiotensin receptor blocke … entatives, and regulatory authorities at the 2016 Global CardioVascular Clinical Trialists Forum in Washington, D.C.

Jail Booking as an Occasion for HIV Care Reengagement: A Surveillance-Based Study.

OBJECTIVES: To examine population and HIV care outcomes of people living with HIV/AIDS (PLWHA) at their first incarceration of 2014 in 2 county jails in King County, Washington. METHODS: Using HIV surveillance data linked with jail booking data, we examined demographic information, viral loads, CD4 counts, and incarceration details for the period prior to jail booking, during incarceration, and year following jail release. RESULTS: In 2014, 202 PLWHA were incarcerated, 51% of whom were virally nonsuppressed at booking. This population represented approximately 3% of all HIV-diagnosed persons…

Words and Deeds: Presidential Discussion of Minority Health, Public Policies, and Minority Perceptions.

What are the different rhetorical approaches presidents used to address minority health inequality? More importantly, how have the efforts o … early 1990s, presidents have transported their discussion of minority health beyond the confines of Washington, DC, traveling to speak to local communities throughout the nation that have a disproportionate number of blacks and Latinos. Moreover, a presidential discussion of minority health leads to greater salience on this issue and thus increases public he …

Strongyloidiasis in Latin American immigrants: a pilot study.

The United States of America (USA) has the largest international population of any nation in the world. Immigrants from Latin American countries, where intestinal parasites are endemic, comprise more than half of this population. This study aims to determine the prevalence of strongyloidiasis, a potentially deadly parasitic infection, in foreign-born individuals. We conducted a cross-sectional study in Washington, DC, to determine the seroprevalence of Strongyloides stercoralis infection using an NIE-ELISA IgG antibody assay. Multi-parallel quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qPC…

Flexible Funding as a Promising Strategy to Prevent Homelessness for Survivors of Intimate Partner Violence.

The complex interrelationship between intimate partner violence (IPV) victimization and housing instability has been well established. Being … ercussions associated with homelessness. A longitudinal evaluation of a flexible funding program in Washington, D.C., found that this brief, relatively inexpensive intervention may increase housing stability-94% of clients were housed 6 months after funding was received. Implications for both research and practice are discussed.

Acute Nonoccupational Pesticide-Related Illness and Injury - United States, 2007-2011.

CDC's National Institute for Occupational Safety and Health (NIOSH) collects data on acute pesticide-related illness and injury reported by 12 states (California, Florida, Iowa, Louisiana, Michigan, North Carolina, Nebraska, New Mexico, New York, Oregon, Texas, and Washington). This report summarizes the data on illnesses and injuries arising from nonoccupational exposure to conventional pesticides that were reported during 2007-2011. Conventional pesticides include insecticides, herbicides, fungicides, and fumigants. They exclude disinfectants (e.g., chlorine and hypochlorites) and biological…

Напряжение, устойчивость и риск: взаимосвязь между психическим здоровьем и миграцией между гомосексуалистами в Северной Америке.

Созданный научно-исследовательский орган в области психологии, психиатрии и эпидемиологии увязывает общественное осуждение и стресс с плохими результатами умственного и сексуального здоровья мужчин, опознанных гомосексуалистами. В ходе меньшей работы рассматривается вопрос о том, каким образом эти связи решаются по месту, и почти ни в одном из них не учитывается роль перемещения между местами. Это качественное исследование, основанное на рассказах о миграции 48 мужчин из числа геев, проживающих в Оттаве, Онтарио, Канада, и Вашингтоне, О.К., США, позволяет более тщательно изучить вопрос о том,

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
An established body of research in psychology, psychiatry and epidemiology links social stigma and stress with poor mental and sexual health … , based on the migration narratives of 48 gay-identified men living in Ottawa, Ontario, Canada, and Washington, D.C., U.S.A. gives more careful consideration to the ways in which mental and emotional health issues (e.g., anxiety, depression, substance use) in this population both precipitate migration and stem from migration. The narratives show that decisio …

Distress, coping, and drug law enforcement in a series of patients using medical cannabis.

Patients using medical cannabis in the United States inhabit a conflicting medicolegal space. This study presents data from a dispensary-based survey of patients using medical cannabis in the state of Washington regarding cannabis-specific health behaviors, levels of psychological distress, stress regarding marijuana criminality, past experiences with drug law enforcement, and coping behaviors. Thirty-seven subjects were enrolled in this study, and all but three completed survey materials. The median index of psychological distress, as measured by the Behavioral Symptom Inventory, was nearly 2…

JCL roundtable: drug treatment of severe forms of familial hypercholesterolemia.

Clinical lipidologists are often asked to manage patients with severely elevated low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C) and other apoli … tions pertinent to the prescription use of these agents. These scientists are Dr Anne Goldberg from Washington University in St. Louis and Dr Daniel Rader from the University of Pennsylvania.

Comparison of the primary stability of different tibial baseplate concepts to retain both cruciate ligaments during total knee arthroplasty.

BACKGROUND: A novel tibial baseplate design (Transversal Support Tibial Plateau) as a new treatment concept for bi-cruciate retaining total knee arthroplasty is evaluated for mechanical stability and compared to other tibial baseplate designs. This concept should provide better primary stability and thus, less subsidence, than implantation of two separate unicondylar tibial baseplates. METHODS: Different baseplates were implanted into synthetic bone specimens (Sawbones® Pacific Research Laboratories, Inc., Washington, USA), all uncemented. Using a standardized experimental setup, subsidence w…

Trends in childhood leukemia in Basrah, Iraq, 1993-2007.

OBJECTIVES: Through a sister-university relationship between the University of Basrah and the University of Washington, we analyzed Ibn Ghazwan Hospital's leukemia registry data to evaluate trends in childhood leukemia since 1993. METHODS: We documented leukemia cases among children aged 0 to 14 years for each of the last 15 years. Population data were obtained from a 1997 census and various subsequent estimates to calculate rates. RESULTS: We observed 698 cases of childhood leukemia between 1993 and 2007, ranging between 15 cases (2.6 per 100 000 annual rate) in the first year and 56 cases …

A novel molecular interaction for the adhesion of follicular CD4 T cells to follicular DC.

Nectins and Nectin-like molecules (Necl) play a critical role in cell polarity within epithelia and in the nervous and reproductive systems. Recently, immune receptors specific for Nectins/Necl have been described. Since the expression and distribution of Nectins/Necl is often subverted during tumorigenesis, it has been suggested that the immune system may use these receptors to recognize and eliminate tumors. Here we describe a novel immunoreceptor, Washington University Cell Adhesion Molecule, which is expressed on human follicular B helper T cells (TFH) and binds a Nectin/Necl family member…

Examining the impact of parental risk on family functioning among homeless and housed families.

The present study used data from 132 families that were homeless and a comparison group of 434 housed families in order to compare family functioning across the two groups. Family functioning was assessed by family support workers when the families sought help from one of seven family service agencies in Washington, DC. Multiple regression models showed that there were few differences between homeless and housed families; a difference that did emerge showed that homeless families fared better than housed families in terms of children's developmental stimulation. However, when considering the c…

Quantitative exposure-response relations between physical workload and prevalence of lateral epicondylitis in a working population.

BACKGROUND: Lateral epicondylitis is a common work-related musculoskeletal disorder. The objective of this study was to identify risk factors associated with lateral epicondylitis among active workers. METHODS: Seven-hundred thirty-three workers in 12 Washington worksites participated in structured interviews, physical examinations, and individual exposure assessments of biomechanical and psychosocial factors. Multivariable logistic modeling was used. RESULTS: Thirty-eight subjects (5.2%) had lateral epicondylitis. Age (36-50 years-old), being female, and low social support at work were sign…