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Central inhibition of refractory overactive bladder complaints, results of an inpatient training program.

SHORT INTRODUCTION: Overactive bladder (OAB) in children has an overall reported incidence of 16.6-17.8%, with its prevalence of 0.2-9% varying largely between age and gender. OAB is the most important burden in pediatric urology because of the limited effect of treatment. OAB with imperative urge and/or urge incontinence can often be successfully treated with urotherapy and pharmacological treatment. Nevertheless, approximately 20% of patients are considered to be therapy resistant for common treatment options. For the latter group, an inpatient cognitive and biofeedback training program for

Effect of a multicomponent exercise program and cognitive stimulation (VIVIFRAIL-COGN) on falls in frail community older persons with high risk of falls: study protocol for a randomized multicenter control trial.

BACKGROUND: Falls represent important drivers of intrinsic capacity losses, functional limitations and reduced quality of life in the growing older adult's population, especially among those presenting with frailty. Despite exercise- and cognitive training-based interventions have shown effectiveness for reducing fall rates, evidence around their putative cumulative effects on falls and fall-related complications (such as fractures, reduced quality of life and functional limitations) in frail individuals remains scarce. The main aim of this study is to explore the effectiveness program combini…

Sport-Related Concussion: A Cognitive Perspective.

PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The incidence of sport-related concussion (SRC) has been increasing in different sports and its impact on long-term cogni … n SRC is needed in all clinical neurologists treating professional and amateur athletes. We propose cognitive training as a prehabilitation tool to alleviate the severity of cognitive symptoms and as a rehabilitative tool to improve cognitive recovery postinjury.

Factors related to training time and achieving proficiency with visual-assistive mobile applications in visually impaired older adults.

SIGNIFICANCE: A majority of visually impaired older adults were able to learn to proficiently use visual-assistive iPhone applications (apps) following a median 1 hour and/or multiple training sessions, which should be considered when planning vision rehabilitation service delivery, including the option for remote telerehabilitation for those who prefer that modality. PURPOSE: Older adults with low vision are increasingly using technology to improve their visual functioning. We examined whether age-related comorbidities were potential barriers to success in learning to use visual-assistive ap

Соблюдение и соблюдение требований, предъявляемых к тренировке по прогрессивному многоразовому склерозу: показатели и корреляции в ходе судебного разбирательства по делу CogEx.

СПРАВОЧНАЯ ИНФОРМАЦИЯ: Существует ограниченное понимание того, что люди, страдающие прогрессивным множественным склерозом (ПМС), должны соблюдать требования и соблюдать требования, предъявляемые к тренировкам. ЦЕЛИ: В рамках этого вторичного исследовательского анализа данных были проанализированы показатели соблюдения и соблюдения требований в отношении непрерывного обучения с умеренной интенсивностью и обучения с высокой интенсивностью (HIIT) и возможных корреляций между людьми с ПМС в ходе испытания CogEx. МЕТОДЫ: " КогЭкс " - это многообъектное, многоствольное, произвольное, двойн

The ERN as a neural index of changes in performance monitoring following attention training in pediatric obsessive-compulsive disorder.

Evidence of associations between obsessive compulsive disorder (OCD) and alterations in neural indices of performance monitoring, i.e., elevated neural activity following errors, have accelerated interest in the error-related negativity (ERN) as a biomarker for pediatric OCD. The study investigates the degree to which attention bias training is linked to changes in neural measures of performance monitoring (ERN, correct response negativity or CRN) and whether pre-to-post training changes in these neural indices are associated with symptom changes in youth with OCD. The sample included 36 youth

Circulating Mediators of Apoptosis and Inflammation in Aging; Physical Exercise Intervention.

Sarcopenia is an age-related loss of skeletal muscle mass caused by many cellular mechanisms and also by lifestyle factors such as low daily physical activity. In addition, it has been shown that sarcopenia may be associated with inflammation and cognitive impairment in old age. Regular exercise is key in reducing inflammation and preventing sarcopenia and diseases related to cognitive impairment. The study was designed to assess the impact of exercise training on circulating apoptotic and inflammatory markers of sarcopenia in older adults. Eighty older adults aged 70.5 ± 5.8 years were random

Do patients with PD benefit from music assisted therapy plus treadmill-based gait training? An exploratory study focused on behavioral outcomes.

Purpose: Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common age-related neurodegenerative disorder, presenting not only with motor symptoms (resting tremor, bradykinesia, and muscular rigidity), but also with cognitive and behavioral problems that need to be addressed in a rehabilitation setting. Aim of the study was to evaluate the effects of a combined rehabilitative approach, using gait training coupled to music-based therapy, on cognitive and behavioral function in a sample of patients with PD.Materials and Methods: Forty patients, meeting the inclusion criteria, were enrolled in this stud

Improving interference control without conflict exposure: prefrontal fNIRS-decoded neurofeedback training.

SIGNIFICANCE: Traditional exposure therapy or cognitive training requires repeated presentation of unwanted stimuli, whereas localizationist neuromodulation overlooks individual variation. We propose a closed-loop neuromodulation approach termed functional near-infrared spectroscopy-decoded neurofeedback training, designed to modify prefrontal hemoglobin dynamics and neural activity patterns. AIM: We aim to enhance interference control without interfering stimuli using a data-driven, individualized, time-resolved decoded neurofeedback, potentially offering a balanced compromise and an alterna…

Preventing academic difficulties in preterm children: a randomised controlled trial of an adaptive working memory training intervention - IMPRINT study.

BACKGROUND: Very preterm children exhibit difficulties in working memory, a key cognitive ability vital to learning information and the development of academic skills. Previous research suggests that an adaptive working memory training intervention (Cogmed) may improve working memory and other cognitive and behavioural domains, although further randomised controlled trials employing long-term outcomes are needed, and with populations at risk for working memory deficits, such as children born preterm.In a cohort of extremely preterm (<28 weeks' gestation)/extremely low birthweight (<1000 g) 7-y

Interventions for developing selective and sustained attention in adolescent athletes: a scoping review.

INTRODUCTION: Selective and sustained attention are key cognitive functions associated with athletic performance and represent trainable abi … ntion group corresponded to the target adolescent population. The identified interventions included cognitive training, cognitive-motor dual-task training, mindfulness-based interventions, perceptual-cognitive training, and sport-specific approaches targeting selective and/or sustained attention. A variety of assessment instruments and measurement methods were used …

Brain mechanisms of pain anticipation in chronic low back pain: Insights into phenotypical responses to mind-body therapy.

Pain perception and emotional processing share common predictive mechanisms influenced by anticipation, expectation, and uncertainty. This study identifies distinct neural phenotypes of pain anticipation in chronic low back pain(cLBP) and examines their clinical and physiological correlates. In 43 cLBP patients, we acquired task-based functional MRI during certain(high/low) and uncertain pain anticipation, quantitative sensory testing, and validated questionnaires at baseline. A subset of patients(n=29) completed the same assessments post-treatment following an 8-week smartphone-based interoce

Sensory Health for Residents with Dementia in Care Homes in England: A Knowledge, Attitudes, and Practice Survey.

BACKGROUND: Most residents with dementia (RwD) in long-term care (LTC) facilities experience hearing and vision problems, yet these sensory deficits, which are associated with poor outcomes, are frequently under-recognized or incompletely managed. OBJECTIVE: We investigated the knowledge, attitudes, and practice (KAP) of LTC facility staff in England regarding sensory-cognitive health of RwD. DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey using self-administered online or mail-in questionnaires. SETTING AND PARTICIPANTS: The study included 117 LTC facilities throughout England, involving 887 staff of dif

Experimental visual agnosia in the pigeon.

Recent research on animal cognitive ability has clarified that cognitive ability spreads to several species besides humans. Such studies make it possible to compare brain mechanisms of animal cognition and human cognition. Experimental lesions of the ectostriatum in pigeons caused deficits in the artificial pattern recognition, arbitrary classification of natural objects, conspecific individual recognition and discrimination of two different avian species. The lesions did not result in deficits in natural concept, such as food or conspecific. These results suggest that the ectostriatal lesions

Explainable Artificial Intelligence to Predict Neurocognitive Disorder Progression in Multiple Sclerosis Using MRI and Clinical Data.

BACKGROUND: Cognitive impairment is common in multiple sclerosis (MS), yet the application of diagnostic frameworks of Neurocognitive Disorders (NCDs) is limited. Additionally, the integration of multimodal data for predicting cognitive outcomes using artificial intelligence (AI) remains underexplored. This study aimed to characterize NCDs in MS and predict cognitive worsening using an explainable deep learning model trained on MRI and clinical data. METHODS: Two-hundred twenty-four MS patients and 115 healthy controls (HC) underwent 3.0 T MRI and clinical assessment at baseline. MS patients

Remote Assessment of Cognitive Impairment Level Based on Serious Mobile Game Performance: An Initial Proof of Concept.

Individuals with cognitive impairments are evaluated using clinically validated cognitive assessment tools, which need to be administered by trained therapists. This serves as a major barrier for frequent and longitudinal monitoring of patients' cognitive impairment level. We introduce Neuro-World, a set of six mobile games designed to challenge visuospatial short-term memory and selective attention, which allows one to self-administer the assessment of his/her cognitive impairment level. Game performance is analyzed to estimate a widely accepted clinical measure, the mini mental state examina

The effects of juvenile stress on anxiety, cognitive bias and decision making in adulthood: a rat model.

Stress experienced in childhood is associated with an increased risk of developing psychiatric disorders in adulthood. These disorders are particularly characterized by disturbances to emotional and cognitive processes, which are not currently fully modeled in animals. Assays of cognitive bias have recently been used with animals to give an indication of their emotional/cognitive state. We used a cognitive bias test, alongside a traditional measure of anxiety (elevated plus maze), to investigate the effects of juvenile stress (JS) on adulthood behaviour using a rodent model. During the cogniti

Developing an Edema Clinician-Reported Outcome Measure for Nephrotic Syndrome.

INTRODUCTION: Edema is a common manifestation of proteinuric kidney diseases, but there is no consensus approach for reliably evaluating edema. The objective of this study was to develop an edema clinician-reported outcome measure for use in patients with nephrotic syndrome. METHODS: A literature review was conducted to assess existing clinician-rated measures of edema. Clinical experts were recruited from internal medicine, nephrology, and pediatric nephrology practices to participate in concept elicitation using semi-structured interviews and cognitive debriefing. Qualitative analysis metho

Домашние эксгумы для импровизации когнитивной функции в MUltiple Sclerosis (EXTREMUS).

КОЛИЧЕСТВО: Моторные и когнитивные дисфункции являются распространенными и деформирующими свойствами множественных склерозов (МС), которые по-прежнему трудно лечить. В этой связи мы стремились изучить воздействие экзогам в качестве самостоятельного подхода к людям с НР и ограниченной скоростью обработки. Это был трёхствольный, случайный, скрытный, поддельный суд. Люди, имеющие MS и скорость обработки, были случайно выбраны в соотношении 1:1:1 к 8-недельной учебной подготовке на дому с эксгумами (интервенция интересов), адаптивным комплектом когнитивной подготовки (COWD-TRAK) (обучение памяти в

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
BACKGROUND: Motor and cognitive dysfunctions are common and disabling features in multiple sclerosis (MS) that remain challenging to treat. … a 1:1:1 ratio to an 8-week home-based training with exergames (intervention of interest), adaptive Cognitive Training Kit (COGNI-TRAcK) (working memory training as comparator intervention) or sham intervention. A postintervention assessment was scheduled at week 16 postrandomisation. Statistical analyses were conducted to test the hypotheses that exergames were sup …

Determinants of Dual-Task Training Effect Size in Parkinson Disease: Who Will Benefit Most?

BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: Dual-task interventions show positive effects in people with Parkinson disease (PD), but it remains unclear which factors determine the size of these benefits. As a secondary analysis of the DUALITY trial, the aim of this study was to assess the determinants of the effect size after 2 types of dual-task practice. METHODS: We randomly allocated 121 participants with PD to receive either integrated or consecutive dual-task training. Dual-task walking performance was assessed during (i) a backward digit span task (digit), (ii) an auditory Stroop task (Stroop), and (iii) a