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[Sex, erectile dysfunction, and the heart: a growing problem].

BACKGROUND: Erectile dysfunction (ED) is defined as the inability to attain and/or maintain penile erection sufficient for satisfactory sexu … ibitors such as milrinone and enoximone or with nonspecific PDE inhibitors such as theophylline and pentoxifylline is unlikely. Sildenafil is predominantly metabolized by both the P450 2C9 pathway and the P450 3A4 pathway. Thus, potent inhibitors of the P450 3A4 pathway may increase the plasma concentrations of sildenafil, like cimetidine, erythromycin, digitoxi …

Therapeutic trials in 200 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy/ tropical spastic paraparesis.

We report here the results of therapeutic trials in 200 patients with HTLV-I-associated myelopathy (HAM)/tropical spastic paraparesis (TSP) conducted in our department between 1986 and 1993. Motor disability grades were improved by more than one grade in 69.5% (91/131) of patients by oral administration of prednisolone, 50% (3/6) by eperisone hydrochloride only, 43.8% (7/16) by blood purification (lymphocytapheresis and plasmapheresis), 40.0% (2/5) by intrathecal injection of hydrocortisone, 30.0% (3/10) by intravenous injection of high-dose methylprednisolone, 23.3% (10/43) by interferon-alph

Radiation-Induced Oral Mucositis.

Radiation-induced oral mucositis (RIOM) is a major dose-limiting toxicity in head and neck cancer patients. It is a normal tissue injury caused by radiation/radiotherapy (RT), which has marked adverse effects on patient quality of life and cancer therapy continuity. It is a challenge for radiation oncologists since it leads to cancer therapy interruption, poor local tumor control, and changes in dose fractionation. RIOM occurs in 100% of altered fractionation radiotherapy head and neck cancer patients. In the United Sates, its economic cost was estimated to reach 17,000.00 USD per patient with

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… for HNC | Level III Granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor mouthwash | Prevention of OM | Patients receiving high-dose chemotherapy, for autologous or allogeneic HSCT | Level II Misoprostol mouthwash | Prevention of OM | Patients receiving radiation therapy for HNC | Level III Systemic pentoxifylline … Pentoxifylline regulates endotoxin-induced production of TNF-α. Although the preclinical studies showed significant reduction in the severity of RIOM with pentoxifylline ( 203 ), the clinical trials show that it is not effective in reducing the antineoplastic oral toxicity ( 204 – 208 ). …

Bisphosphonate-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw and Oral Microbiome: Clinical Risk Factors, Pathophysiology and Treatment Options.

Bisphosphonate-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (BRONJ) represents a serious health condition, impacting the lives of many patients worldwide. The condition challenges clinical care due to its complex etiology and limited therapeutic options. A thorough understanding of the pathophysiological and patient-related factors that promote disease development is essential. Recently, the oral microbiome has been implicated as a potential driver and modulating factor of BRONJ by several studies. Modern genomic sequencing methods have provided a wealth of data on the microbial composition of BRONJ lesio

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… In addition, in empirical research, the effectiveness of using pentoxifylline and vitamin E together to treat BRONJ lesions has been demonstrated [ 5 , 76 ]. … The immunomodulatory effects of pentoxifylline help to reduce inflammation, while tocopherol’s antioxidant properties protect tissues from further damage. …

Bone turnover markers can predict healing time in medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

OBJECTIVES: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a severe and difficult-to-treat adverse event of bone-modifying agents. Therefore predictive strategies determining patients at risk for a prolonged healing duration are needed to optimize treatment. Thus, the present study evaluates whether or not bone turnover markers can be used to predict the healing duration in MRONJ patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: The present study is a retrospective data analysis of patients suffering from MRONJ and positive histology for Actinomyces spp., who were identified at the General Hospital Vi

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… We did not use teriparatide, pentoxifylline, tocopherol or hyperbaric oxygen therapy in this cohort. … Other investigational treatments such as pentoxifylline, tocopherol and hyperbaric oxygen were described to be beneficial, but their exact indication remains to be assessed [ 29 , 30 ]. Some may criticise our strict selection of histological evidence of Actinomyces-positive MRONJ patients. …

Pharmacological treatment for Buerger's disease.

BACKGROUND: Buerger's disease (thromboangiitis obliterans) is a non-atherosclerotic, segmental inflammatory pathology that most commonly aff … with placebo. No studies assessed other pharmacological agents such as cilostazol, clopidogrel and pentoxifylline or compared oral versus intravenous prostanoid. Compared with aspirin, intravenous prostacyclin analogue iloprost improved ulcer healing (risk ratio (RR) 2.65; 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.15 to 6.11; 98 participants; 1 study; moderate-certainty e …

Drug Repurposing Opportunities in Pancreatic Ductal Adenocarcinoma.

Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is considered one of the deadliest tumors worldwide. The diagnosis is often possible only in the latter stages of the disease, with patients already presenting an advanced or metastatic tumor. It is also one of the cancers with poorest prognosis, presenting a five-year survival rate of around 5%. Treatment of PDAC is still a major challenge, with cytotoxic chemotherapy remaining the basis of systemic therapy. However, no major advances have been made recently, and therapeutic options are limited and highly toxic. Thus, novel therapeutic options are urgen

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… Pentoxifylline and Pirfenidone Kim et al. (2017) demonstrated that the vasodilator pentoxifylline increased the efficacy of gemcitabine in vivo by improving the drug delivery, which led to a 50% decrease in tumor growth. … Xavier et al. (2021) also demonstrated that the treatment of PDAC tumor cells with pentoxifylline and pirfenidone could partially reverse the chemoresistance to gemcitabine. …

Multiple-Drugs-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw in a Patient Affected by Multiple Myeloma: A Case Report.

A 60-year-old woman suffering from multiple myeloma (MM) was treated with zoledronic acid (bisphosphonate), dexamethasone (corticosteroid), bortezomib (a chemotherapeutic agent), and lenalidomide (thalidomide analog) for about a year and with lenalidomide alone as maintenance therapy for almost two years and developed stage three medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaws (MRONJ) in the upper left dental arch approximately two weeks after tooth extraction, which was treated with a medical nonoperative conservative approach until reversion to stage one. The present case report describing the

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… Moreover, conservative treatment in some cases may also benefit from the administration of tocopherol (vitamin E) in combination with pentoxifylline, as has been proposed for osteoradionecrosis [ 19 , 20 ]. … Pentoxifylline, Tocopherol, and Clodronate for the Treatment of Mandibular Osteoradionecrosis: A Systematic Review. Oral Surg. Oral Med. Oral Pathol. Oral Radiol. 2018;125:431–439. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2018.02.004. 27. Giudice A., Antonelli A., Chiarella E., Baudi F., Barni T., Di Vito A. …

Combination of tocolytic agents for inhibiting preterm labour.

BACKGROUND: Preterm birth represents the single largest cause of mortality and morbidity for newborns and a major cause of morbidity for pre … l, 24 women); IV fenoterol plus oral naproxen versus IV fenoterol alone (one trial, 72 women); oral pentoxifylline plus IV magnesium sulphate plus IV fenoterol versus IV magnesium sulphate plus IV fenoterol (one trial, 125 women); and, IV terbutaline plus oral metoprolol versus IV terbutaline alone (one trial, 17 women). Few studies with small numbers of women w …

Molecular therapeutic strategies targeting pancreatic cancer induced cachexia.

Pancreatic cancer (PC) induced cachexia is a complex metabolic syndrome associated with significantly increased morbidity and mortality and reduced quality of life. The pathophysiology of cachexia is complex and poorly understood. Many molecular signaling pathways are involved in PC and cachexia. Though our understanding of cancer cachexia is growing, therapeutic options remain limited. Thus, further discovery and investigation of the molecular signaling pathways involved in the pathophysiology of cachexia can be applied to development of targeted therapies. This review focuses on three main p

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… One of the first clinical trials evaluated pentoxifylline which was thought to decrease TNF-α[ 56 ]. Pentoxifylline did not induce weight gain or improve appetite in cachectic patients[ 56 ]. … Pentoxifylline for treatment of cancer anorexia and cachexia? A randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial. J Clin Oncol. 1995;13:2856–2859. doi: 10.1200/JCO.1995.13.11.2856. 57. Jatoi A, Ritter HL, Dueck A, Nguyen PL, Nikcevich DA, Luyun RF, Mattar BI, Loprinzi CL. …

Radiation induced oral mucositis.

PATIENTS RECEIVING RADIOTHERAPY OR CHEMOTHERAPY WILL RECEIVE SOME DEGREE OF ORAL MUCOSITIS THE INCIDENCE OF ORAL MUCOSITIS WAS ESPECIALLY HIGH IN PATIENTS: (i) With primary tumors in the oral cavity, oropharynx, or nasopharynx; (ii) who also received concomitant chemotherapy; (iii) who received a total dose over 5,000 cGy; and (iv) who were treated with altered fractionation radiation schedules. Radiation-induced oral mucositis affects the quality of life of the patients and the family concerned. The present day management of oral mucositis is mostly palliative and or supportive care. The newe

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… Based on the findings of different randomized controlled study, it is of the view that supplemental dietary beta-carotene lead to a mild decrease in the severity of chemotherapy and radiotherapy-induced oral mucositis.[ 37 ] IMMUNOMODULATORY DRUGS Pentoxifylline Oral pentoxiphylline reduced the frequency … A randomized controlled trial of pentoxifylline for the prevention of regimen-related toxicities in patients undergoing allogeneic marrow transplantation. Blood. 1993;82:2025–30. 40. Mose S, Adametz IA, Saran F, Thilmann C, Hayd R, Knecht R, et al. …

Treatment of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw Without and With the Use of Advanced Platelet-Rich Fibrin: A Retrospective Clinical Study.

BACKGROUND: Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is drug-induced bone destruction that is exposed for a minimum of 6 to 8 weeks in patients who have not received head and neck radiotherapy and who have not been diagnosed with facial bone metastases. MRONJ treatment outcomes are unpredictable. Therefore, alternative treatment methods are being explored, such as blood-derived platelet-rich preparations enriched with growth factors, including advanced platelet-rich fibrin (A-PRF). The presence of growth factors may enhance healing and reduce post-procedure complications. There are

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… Additional pharmacological treatments involve teriparatide, pentoxifylline, and vitamins E and D. However, alternative methods should not be used as monotherapy but rather as part of a multimodal treatment approach [ 34 , 35 , 37 , 38 , 39 , 40 , 41 , 42 , 43 , 44 ]. … An interesting solution would be a combined treatment with pentoxifylline and tocopherol, then performing a surgical procedure—bone debridement with additional bone ablation with a laser and the application of growth factors in an antibiotic cover, followed by laser biostimulation. 5. …

Nitrogen containing bisphosphonates associated osteonecrosis of the jaws: A review for past 10 year literature.

Nitrogen containing bisphosphonate (N-BP) therapy is used extensively to treat osteoporosis and osteolytic bone lesions. Recently, a special form of osteonecrosis limited to the maxillofacial skeleton has been discovered especially within those patients who are receiving either long-term N-BP therapy alone and/or associated with invasive dental procedure. Bisphosphonates accumulate almost exclusively in maxillofacial skeleton owing to high bone turn over remodeling to maintain the mechanical competence. The pathogenesis and why it commonly appears in maxillofacial skeleton and the fixed treatm

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… limited regions of exposed bone (except those lesions that are a constant source of infection) have been successfully managed with irrigations and antibiotic therapy while surgical management have not been completely effective in eradication of the BRONJ by Ruggiero et al .[ 28 ] Administration of pentoxifylline … RE Pamidronate (Aredia) and Zoledronate (Zometa) induced avascular necrosis of the jaws: A growing epidemic J Oral Maxillofac Surg 2003 61 1115 7 12966493 10.1016/s0278-2391(03)00720-1 34 Epstein MS Wicknick FW Epstein JB Berenson JR Gorsky M Management of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis: Pentoxifylline …

Drug-induced herpes zoster: a pharmacovigilance analysis of FDA adverse event reports from 2004 to 2024.

BACKGROUND: Herpes zoster severely impacts patients' quality of life and therapeutic results. This research utilized data from the FDA Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) to examine the prevalence and attributes of drug-induced herpes zoster. METHODS: We analyzed FAERS reports about zoster from Q1 2004 to Q3 2024 and developed a list of possible pathogenic agents. Ranked the 30 medicines with the greatest incidence of reported herpes zoster cases. Statistical disproportionality analysis was employed to identify an elevated reporting frequency of herpes zoster linked to a particular medicat

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… efalizumab | 32 | 4.46 (3.14, 6.32) | 4.41 (3.1, 6.28) | 84.69 | No ambrosia artemisiifolia pollen | 3 | 4.36 (1.4, 13.62) | 4.32 (1.41, 13.2) | 7.68 | No alendronate sodium | 408 | 4.35 (3.95, 4.8) | 4.31 (3.91, 4.75) | 1032.71 | No rituximab | 1119 | 4.35 (4.1, 4.62) | 4.31 (4.06, 4.57) | 2787.82 | Yes pentoxifylline … Pentoxifylline, used to treat peripheral vascular diseases, may also influence susceptibility to viral infections through its immunomodulatory effects. …

Anti-Infective-Associated AKI: A Narrative Review of the Epidemiology, Mechanisms, Risk Factors, Biomarkers, Clinical Course, Monitoring, Prevention, and Therapeutic Strategies.

Acute kidney injury (AKI) occurs commonly in hospitalized patients, especially patients in intensive care units (ICUs). Medications are among the major causative factors of AKI. This narrative review addressed and updated different aspects of anti-infective-associated AKI, including amphotericin B, cidofovir, foscarnet, polymyxins, vancomycin, and aminoglycosides. There is no standard definition or operational criteria to describe anti-infective-associated AKI. Characteristically, it usually occurs during the first two weeks of treatment and is typically dose dependent. Functional resolution o

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… These include low-dose dopamine (3 μg/kg/min) [ 56 ], the combination of intravenous isotonic sodium bicarbonate (500 mL) and sodium chloride 0.9% (500 mL) [ 57 ], oral pentoxifylline (400 mg twice a day) [ 58 ], and oral n-acetyl cysteine (600 mg twice a day) [ 59 ]. … Oral pentoxifylline (400 mg twice a day) was ineffective in reducing AKI and electrolyte disorders. Oral n-acetyl cysteine (600 mg twice a day) was significantly effective in mitigating GFR drop and rate of AKI, but not tubular adverse effects (electrolyte disorders). …

[Therapeutic alternatives for drug-associated maxillary osteonecrosis (MRONJ): reports of two clinical cases and review of the literature].

INTRODUCTION: Drug-associated Maxillary Osteonecrosis is one of the most relevant adverse effects in treatment with antiresorptive drugs such as bisphosphonates and denosumab. Oncological conditions such as multiple myeloma, breast cancer, prostate, and bone-metabolic disorders such as osteoporosis lead the indications for these antiresorptive therapies. Treatment is complex because the disease is often refractory. Pharmacological, conservative and surgical treatments are described. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study is to report two clinical cases of MRONJ treated with two different therapeuti

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… Systematic review of the use of pentoxifylline and tocopherol for the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2019 Nov;128(5):491-497.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.08.004. … Systematic review of the use of pentoxifylline and tocopherol for the treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol. 2019 Nov;128(5):491–497.e2. doi: 10.1016/j.oooo.2019.08.004. 8. Ruggiero SL. …

Potential Associations between Vascular Biology and Hodgkin's Lymphoma: An Overview.

Hodgkin's lymphoma (HL) is a lymphatic neoplasm typically found in the cervical lymph nodes. The disease is multifactorial, and in recent years, the relationships between various vascular molecules have been explored in the field of vascular biology. The connection between vascular biology and HL is intricate and the roles of several pathways remain unclear. This review summarizes the cellular and molecular relationships between vascular biology and HL. Proteins associated with various functions in vascular biology, including cytokines (TNF-α, IL-1, IL-13, and IL-21), chemokines (CXCL10, CXCL1

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… Responsible/expected completion date | Phase | Drug/intervention | Country | Objectives | Registry González-Ramella, 2024 [ 157 ] | IV | Pentoxifylline | Mexico | To evaluate the potentiating effect of pentoxifylline on tumor apoptosis in combination with chemotherapy in pediatric patients and adolescents … Enhancing Effect on Tumor Apoptosis with the Use of Pentoxifylline in Patients with Hodgkin Lymphoma. [(accessed on 23 October 2023)]; Available online: https://clinicaltrials.gov/study/NCT05490953 . 158. …

Comparison of the Effectiveness of Conservative and Surgical Treatment of Medication-Related Osteonecrosis of the Jaw: a Systematic Review.

OBJECTIVES: The objective of this systematic review is to evaluate the current knowledge on the effectiveness of conservative and surgical treatment of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw. MATERIAL AND METHODS: MEDLINE (PubMed), ScienceDirect and Cochrane Library search in combination with hand-search of relevant journals was conducted including human studies published in English between January 2017 and February 2023. Studies assessing treatment strategies for medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) were included. Quality and risk-of-bias assessment were evaluated by Joan

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… Conservative treatment included 22 patients who received local and/or systemic antibiotics, pentoxifylline, hyperbaric oxygen, and teriparatide. … absence of exposed or probable bone. | Surgical: 39 healed (70%), 17 unhealed (30%) | Compared to non-surgical therapy, surgical therapy was substantially related with higher odds of resolution | Non-surgical: 5/17 | Non-surgical: 82 | Non-surgical (n = 22): local and/or systemic antimicrobial therapy, pentoxifylline …

Cancer cachexia: mechanisms and clinical implications.

Cachexia is a multifactorial process of skeletal muscle and adipose tissue atrophy resulting in progressive weight loss. It is associated with poor quality of life, poor physical function, and poor prognosis in cancer patients. It involves multiple pathways: procachectic and proinflammatory signals from tumour cells, systemic inflammation in the host, and widespread metabolic changes (increased resting energy expenditure and alterations in metabolism of protein, fat, and carbohydrate). Whether it is primarily driven by the tumour or as a result of the host response to the tumour has yet to be

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… Agents which reduced cytokine levels such as thalidomide and pentoxifylline have only shown modest or minimal activity. At RCT, thalidomide has been shown to attenuate weight loss and lead to improved physical function [ 35 ]. Pentoxifylline did not have any clinical benefit. … Experimental Medicine 1993 177 6 1675 1680 8496685 10.1084/jem.177.6.1675 PMC2191046 37 Gordon JN Goggin PM Thalidomide and its derivatives: emerging from the wilderness Postgraduate Medical Journal 2003 79 929 127 132 12697909 10.1136/pmj.79.929.127 PMC1742651 38 Goldberg RM Loprinzi CL Mailliard JA Pentoxifylline …

Chinese expert consensus on the diagnosis and clinical management of medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw.

Medication-related osteonecrosis of the jaw (MRONJ) is a side effect that occurs after treatment for systemic diseases. However, most institutions currently rely on empirical methods to make diagnosis and treatment plans, and there is a lack of consensus or guidelines for the classification, staging and treatment of MRONJ in China. To address this gap and improve prognosis, an expert panel representing 11 renowned domestic medical colleges and affiliated hospitals in China was convened. The panel made a comprehensive literature review of previous treatment experiences and research findings to

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… Pentoxifylline and vitamin E The combination of pentoxifylline (PEN) and vitamin E (tocopherol, TO) (PENTO) has been used for many years to treat osteoradionecrosis. Given its significant efficacy, some scholars have also explored its use in treating MRONJ. … Management of bisphosphonate-associated osteonecrosis: pentoxifylline and tocopherol in addition to antimicrobial therapy. An Initial Case Series Oral Surg Oral Med Oral Pathol Oral Radiol Endod 110 2010 593 596 10.1016/j.tripleo.2010.05.067 20955948 98 Magremanne M. Reychler H. …