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Efficacy of liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin in a murine model of Q fever.

Encapsulation of antibiotics may improve treatment of intracellular infections by prolonging antibiotic release and improving antibiotic uptake into cells. In this study, liposome-encapsulated ciprofloxacin for inhalation (CFI) was evaluated as a postexposure therapeutic for the treatment of Coxiella burnetii, the causative agent of Q fever. Intranasal treatment of male A/Jola (A/J) mice with CFI (50 mg/kg of body weight) once daily for 7 days protected mice against weight loss and clinical signs following an aerosol challenge with C. burnetii. In comparison, mice treated twice daily with oral…

Q fever in cattle in some Egyptian Governorates: a preliminary study.

BACKGROUND: Q fever, caused by Coxiella burnetii, is a zoonosis with great public health significance and can cause financial losses to animal owners. The knowledge of the epidemiology of Q fever in Egypt is limited. Reports on this disease are scarce. In 2012 and 2013, we carried out this investigation to estimate the seroprevalence of antibodies to Coxiella burnetii in dairy cows of nine farms located in the lower Egyptian Governorates of Dakahlia, Damietta and Port Said. 1,194 blood sera were randomly collected from apparently healthy Holstein Friesian dairy cows. The collected sera were te…

Specific interferon γ detection for the diagnosis of previous Q fever.

BACKGROUND: Current practice for diagnosis of Q fever, caused by the intracellular pathogen Coxiella burnetii, relies mainly on serology and, in prevaccination assessment, on skin tests (STs), which both have drawbacks. In this study, C. burnetii-specific interferon γ (IFN-γ) production was used as a new diagnostic tool for previous Q fever, circumventing most of these drawbacks. Our aim was to compare this test to serology and ST. METHODS: One thousand five hundred twenty-five individuals from an endemic area with a risk for chronic Q fever were enrolled. IFN-γ production was measured after …

Strategies for early detection of chronic Q-fever: a systematic review.

BACKGROUND: Chronic Q-fever, a condition with high morbidity and mortality, may develop after an acute infection with Coxiella burnetii (acute Q-fever). Several strategies have been suggested for early detection of chronic Q-fever, focusing on follow-up of known acute Q-fever patients and detection of asymptomatic or unknown chronic infections. As there is no international standard or consensus, the aims of this study were to summarise the available literature and assess the evidence for different follow-up and screening strategies. DESIGN: We conducted a systematic review by searching PubMed

Coxiellosis/Q fever in cats: ABCD guidelines on prevention and management.

OVERVIEW: Q fever is a zoonotic disease caused by Coxiella burnetii. Farm animals and pets are the main reservoirs of infection. INFECTION: Cats become infected by ingestion or inhalation of organisms from contaminated carcases of farm animals, or tick bites. Infection is common, as shown by several serological studies. CLINICAL SIGNS: Experimentally, fever, anorexia and lethargy have been noted. In the field, infection usually remains subclinical. Abortion might occur. C burnetii has been isolated from the placenta of aborting cats, but also from cats experiencing normal parturition. DIAGN…

Comparison of Q fever serology methods in cattle, goats, and sheep.

Coxiella burnetii is an obligate intracellular bacterium that is responsible for the zoonotic disease Q fever. The distribution of this agent is worldwide except for New Zealand, and infection can be asymptomatic in both human beings and animals. Chronic exposures can produce abortions, stillbirths, and infertility issues in animals and endocarditis in human beings. A commercial enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) kit marketed in the European Union was purchased to compare C. burnetii antibody detection methods. The current study examined the agreement of ELISA and complement fixation re…

Chronic q Fever with no elevation of inflammatory markers: a case report.

We describe the case of a 55-year-old man with a biological prosthetic aortic valve who suffered from epigastrium and right hypochondrium pain associated with intermittent night sweats. Liver biopsy showed infectious hepatitis pattern without pathognomonic features. Coxiella burnetii serology was suggestive of chronic Q fever, and modified Duke's criteria for endocarditis were also fulfilled. The authors present a brief literature review concerning chronic Q fever, emphasizing absent previous reports of chronic Q fever with hepatitis and endocarditis and no increase in inflammatory markers.

Overexpression of the Per2 gene in male patients with acute Q fever.

The prevalence of Q fever is higher in men than in women. Because the expression of circadian clock genes differs in male and female mice infected with Coxiella burnetii, we hypothesized that circadian genes are differently modulated in men and women with Q fever. The expression of the Per2 gene was significantly (P = .01) increased in males with acute Q fever compared with healthy volunteers. No significant difference was observed in females. We showed for the first time that gender altered the expression of a circadian gene, Per2, in an infectious disease.

[The content of rosette-forming neutrophils and lysozyme in patients with Q-fever].

The article deals with the results of study of 35 patients with Q-fever and 30 donors to determine the content of rosette-forming neutrophils, lysozyme activity of blood and saliva. On the second week of disease it was revealed the activation of compensative immune mechanisms and on third and fourth week inhibition of these mechanisms.

An update on a serologic survey of Q Fever in domestic animals in Iran.

The aim of this study was to investigate the presence of Coxiella burnetii antibodies among goat and dairy cattle herds in southeast Iran. A total of 169 sera (76 caprine samples from 9 goat flocks and 93 bovine samples from 12 dairy herds) were collected randomly. The CHEKIT Q fever ELISA kit was used to identify specific antibodies against C. burnetii in goats and cattle. The results showed that 35.5% (N = 60) of all sera were positive. Goats had a significantly higher average seroprevalence (65.78%) than cattle (10.75%). All of the goat herds and only two dairy cattle herds were positive. T…

[Severe cholestatic hepatitis due to Q fever: report of a case].

Severe cholestatic hepatitis due to Coxiella burnetii is a rare form of clinical presentation of acute Q fever that is only occasionally detected in association with this infectious disease. We report a case of severe cholestatic hepatitis due to acute Q fever, with clinical signs of hepatic insufficiency, marked cholestasis, and renal insufficiency. The results of the initial serologic study using a complement fixation test were negative on two occasions, and transjugular biopsy and serological analysis with indirect immunofluorescence were required to establish the diagnosis. Despite treatme…

В случае острой лихорадки q с острым острым холестатическим гепатитом.

Минимальная дисфункция печени может быть характерной для острой лихорадки Q, однако о остром остром остром холестатических гепатите сообщается редко. Мы сообщаем о 55-летнем мужчине с острой лихорадкой Q и острым острым холестатическим гепатитом. Он жаловался на лихорадку, желтуху, аскитов и беспокойство при поступлении. Биопсия печени показала наличие компактной грануломы фибрина. Serological titters for C. signetii IgM и IgG были соответственно 2048:1 и 1024:1. C. signetii ДНК была обнаружена в результате встроенной цепной реакции полимеразы на ткани печени.

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
Minimal hepatic dysfunction can be common in acute Q fever, but severe acute cholestatic hepatitis is rarely reported. We report on a 55-year-old male with acute Q fever and severe acute cholestatic hepatitis. He complained of fever, jaundice, ascites, and restlessness on admission. A liver biopsy revealed the presence of compact fibrin-ring granulomas. Sero…

A review of the efficacy of human Q fever vaccine registered in Australia.

BACKGROUND: Q fever remains an important occupational zoonosis in rural Australia. Although Q fever vaccine is recommended in high-risk occupational groups, its availability has been limited in recent years. METHOD: A literature review of the efficacy of the human Q fever vaccine registered in Australia was conducted. RESULTS: Seven relevant vaccine efficacy studies were identified but no large double-blind, randomised, placebo-controlled studies have been conducted. Vaccine efficacy has ranged from 83-100% but limitations of study designs hamper a precise estimate of vaccine efficacy. CONC…

Identification, cloning, and expression of potential diagnostic markers for Q fever.

The clinical diagnosis of Q fever is difficult. Whole cell antigens are currently used in several serological methods, but antigens are limited due to the hazardous nature of Coxiella burnetii cultivation. In this report, we described the method of detecting immunodominant antigens of C. burnetii by using proteomic techniques with patient sera, and cloning and expressing the selected antigens using a novel vector known for its ease of expression, purification, and downstream application.