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Pickpocket315 affects male mating behavior in the yellow fever mosquito Aedes aegypti.

The molecular basis of mating behavior in the important disease vector mosquito, Aedes aegypti, remains poorly characterized. We investigated the functional role of a pickpocket gene, ppk315, in male mating behavior using both RNAi-mediated knockdown and CRISPR/Cas9 approaches. Behavioral assays revealed that RNAi-treated males (dsPPK315) made fewer mating attempts, were less responsive to female acoustic cues, and were less likely to achieve copulation, though their latency to initiate contact when attempts were made was comparable to controls. Males with a CRISPR/Cas9-induced disruption to p

Designing a multi-epitope vaccine against yellow fever virus using immunoinformatics approaches.

OBJECTIVES: Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a mosquito-borne pathogen causing severe hemorrhagic fever in tropical and subtropical regions. This study aimed to design and evaluated a multi-epitope subunit vaccine against yellow fever virus using immunoinformatics and computational approaches. METHODS: The yellow fever virus envelope glycoprotein was selected as the target antigen. Antigenic, non-allergenic, and non-toxic B-cell, MHC-I, and MHC-II epitopes were predicted and assembled into a vaccine construct using linkers and β-defensin-3 as an adjuvant. Structural modeling and validation were pe…

Genome Editing in the Yellow Fever Mosquito Aedes aegypti using CRISPR-Cas9.

The emergence of the clustered, regularly interspersed, short palindromic repeats (CRISPR)-Cas9 technology has revolutionized the genetic engineering field and opened the doors for precise genome editing in multiple species, including non-model organisms. In the mosquito Aedes aegypti, loss-of-function mutations and DNA insertions have been accomplished with this technology. Here, we describe a detailed protocol for genome editing through embryonic microinjection in the mosquito A. aegypti using the CRISPR-Cas9 technology, focusing on both the generation of gene knockout and knockin lines. In

Prophylactic and therapeutic neutralizing monoclonal antibody treatment prevents lethal yellow fever infection.

Yellow fever virus (YFV) infection is fatal in 5%-10% of the 200,000 yearly cases. There is currently no available antiviral treatment. We showed previously that administration of 50 mg/kg of a YFV-specific neutralizing monoclonal antibody (nmAb) at 2 days postinfection (dpi), prior to the onset of severe disease, protected YFV-infected rhesus macaques from death. To further explore the clinical applicability of our nmAb MBL-YFV-01, we treated rhesus macaques with a lower dose (10 mg/kg) of this nmAb prophylactically or therapeutically at 3.5 dpi. We show that a single prophylactic or therapeu…

Lentiviral vector-based T-cell vaccines against Zika and yellow fever viruses.

Zika and yellow fever flaviviruses induce important human diseases, mainly in tropical regions. Zika virus is an emerging pathogen that has recently spread to new geographic areas, while yellow fever virus, effectively controlled in the past, has recently re-emerged and caused outbreaks in endemic regions. Since antibody-based vaccines could potentially increase the severity of infections by the related Zika and dengue viruses via antibody-dependent enhancement, new vaccine approaches need to be explored. Here, we described lentiviral vectors that express antigens based on T-cell epitope-conta…

Двухвалентная самовычислительная вакцина РНК против желтой лихорадки и вирусов Зика.

ВВЕДЕНИЕ: Вирусы желтой лихорадки (YFV) и Zika (ZIKV) вызывают значительную заболеваемость и смертность, несмотря на наличие утвержденной вакцины против YFV и разработку многочисленных вакцин для ZIKV на сегодняшний день. Новые технологии могут улучшить доступ к вакцинам от этих патогенов. Ранее мы описали наноструктурированную липидную платформу для самовычисления РНК (саРНА) с идеальной термостабильностью и иммуногенностью, подходящую для профилактики тропических инфекционных заболеваний.МЕТОДЫ: Конструкции антигенных экспрессионных saRNA YFV и ZIKV prM-E были созданы с использованием венесу

Совпадение в аннотации оригинала
INTRODUCTION: Yellow fever (YFV) and Zika (ZIKV) viruses cause significant morbidity and mortality, despite the existence of an approved YFV vaccine and the development of multiple ZIKV vaccine candidates to date. New technologies may improve access to vaccines against these pathogens. We previously described a nanostructured lipid carrier (NLC)-delivered se…

Combating yellow fever virus with 7-deaza-7-fluoro-2'-C-methyladenosine.

Yellow fever virus (YFV) is a deadly zoonotic flavivirus endemic in tropical/sub-tropical Africa and South America transmitted by mosquito vector (Aedes aegypti; Haemagogus leucocelaenus) to humans and non-human primates. There are no approved antiviral agents for YFV. We previously identified 7-deaza-7-fluoro-2'-C-methyladenosine (DFA) with anti-YFV activity. Interestingly, DFA exhibits pan-activity in vitro against flaviviruses, such as dengue, Japanese encephalitis, Zika, and hepatitis C. This study aimed to expand DFA's anti-flavivirus profile. DFA exhibited potent sub-micromolar anti-YFV …

Yellow Fever Emergence: Role of Heterologous Flavivirus Immunity in Preventing Urban Transmission.

UNLABELLED: During major, recent yellow fever (YF) epidemics in Brazil, human cases were attributed only to spillover infections from sylvatic transmission with no evidence of human amplification. Furthermore, the historic absence of YF in Asia, despite abundant peridomestic Aedes aegypti and naive human populations, represents a longstanding enigma. We tested the hypothesis that immunity from dengue (DENV) and Zika (ZIKV) flaviviruses limits YF virus (YFV) viremia and transmission by Ae. aegypti . Prior DENV and ZIKV immunity consistently suppressed YFV viremia in experimentally infected maca…

AI-driven convolutional neural networks for accurate identification of yellow fever vectors.

BACKGROUND: Identifying mosquito vectors is crucial for controlling diseases. Automated identification studies using the convolutional neural network (CNN) have been conducted for some urban mosquito vectors but not yet for sylvatic mosquito vectors that transmit the yellow fever. We evaluated the ability of the AlexNet CNN to identify four mosquito species: Aedes serratus, Aedes scapularis, Haemagogus leucocelaenus and Sabethes albiprivus and whether there is variation in AlexNet's ability to classify mosquitoes based on pictures of four different body regions. METHODS: The specimens were ph…

Potential autoimmune encephalitis following yellow fever vaccination: A report of three cases.

Meningoencephalitis following yellow fever vaccination is considered a viral neuroinvasive disease. We describe three patients with typical autoimmune encephalitis syndromes that developed 1-27 days following yellow fever vaccination. Anti-N-methyl-d-aspartate-r antibodies were identified in the CSF and serum of two patients and the other case was associated with anti-neurexin-3 antibodies. One case was confirmed as vaccine-associated neurotropic disease due to reactive CSF yellow fever IgM, which suggested an infectious-autoimmune overlap mechanism. Two aditional cases of Anti-N-methyl-d-aspa…