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Evolutionary and Genomic Insights into Clostridioides difficile Sequence Type 11: a Diverse Zoonotic and Antimicrobial-Resistant Lineage of Global One Health Importance.

Clostridioides difficile (Clostridium difficile) sequence type 11 (ST11) is well established in production animal populations worldwide and … ory genome containing a large and diverse collection of important prophages of the Siphoviridae and Myoviridae This study provides novel insights into strain relatedness and genetic variability of C. difficile ST11, a lineage of global One Health importance.IMPORTANCE Historically, Clostridioides difficile (Clostridium difficile) has been associated with lif …

Characterization and genome sequencing of a Citrobacter freundii phage CfP1 harboring a lysin active against multidrug-resistant isolates.

Citrobacter spp., although frequently ignored, is emerging as an important nosocomial bacterium able to cause various superficial and systemic life-threatening infections. Considered to be hard-to-treat bacterium due to its pattern of high antibiotic resistance, it is important to develop effective measures for early and efficient therapy. In this study, the first myovirus (vB_CfrM_CfP1) lytic for Citrobacter freundii was microbiologically and genomically characterized. Its morphology, activity spectrum, burst size, and biophysical stability spectrum were determined. CfP1 specifically infects

Genome Analysis of Clostridium difficile PCR Ribotype 014 Lineage in Australian Pigs and Humans Reveals a Diverse Genetic Repertoire and Signatures of Long-Range Interspecies Transmission.

Clostridium difficile PCR ribotype (RT) 014 is well-established in both human and porcine populations in Australia, raising the possibility … novel variant of Tn5397 (harboring tetM). Numerous clinically important prophages (Siphoviridae and Myoviridae) were identified as well as an uncommon accessory gene regulator locus (agr3). Conservation in the pathogenicity locus and S-layer correlated with ST affiliation, further extending the concept of clonal C. difficile lineages. This study provides nov …

Genomic and proteomic characterization of SuMu, a Mu-like bacteriophage infecting Haemophilus parasuis.

BACKGROUND: Haemophilus parasuis, the causative agent of Glässer's disease, is prevalent in swine herds and clinical signs associated with t … trometry. This is the first report of isolation and characterization of this bacteriophage from the Myoviridae family, a double-stranded DNA bacteriophage with a contractile tail, from a virulent field isolate of H. parasuis. The genome size of bacteriophage SuMu was 37,151 bp. DNA sequencing revealed fifty five open reading frames, including twenty five hom …

Contrasting the gut microbiome in Colombian patients with diarrhea: a comparative metagenomic study in hospitalization and emergency room services.

BACKGROUND: Diarrhea remains a major cause of morbidity worldwide, particularly in low- and middle-income countries. Hospital environments i … Klebsiella pneumoniae and Escherichia coli, together with abundant bacteriophages from the families Myoviridae, Siphoviridae, Podoviridae, and crAss-like phages. Phages predicted to infect Escherichia and Klebsiella were significantly depleted in Hosp patients (p < 0.05). Read-based functional profiling revealed the presence of virulence factors associated w …

Metagenomic community composition and resistome analysis in a full-scale cold climate wastewater treatment plant.

BACKGROUND: Wastewater treatment plants are an essential part of maintaining the health and safety of the general public. However, they are … ies within the Caudovirales order: Siphoviridae (48.69% ± 0.10%), Podoviridae (23.99% ± 0.07%), and Myoviridae (19.94% ± 0.09%) were the dominant phage observed throughout the NESTP. The most abundant bacterial genera (in terms of average percent relative abundance) in influent, returned activated sludge, final effluent, and sludge, respectively, includes My …

Isolation of bacteriophages infecting Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae and genomic characterization of novel phage vB_XooS_NR08 for biocontrol of bacterial leaf blight of rice.

Bacterial leaf blight (BLB) disease of rice caused by Xanthomonas oryzae pv. oryzae (Xoo) is one of the most destructive diseases worldwide in rice-growing regions. The Ineffectiveness of chemicals in disease management has increased the interest in phage therapy. In this study, we isolated 19 bacteriophages, infecting Xoo, from a rice field, which belonged to phage families Siphoviridae, Myoviridae, and Podoviridae on the basis of electron microscopy. Among 19 phages, Phage vB_XooS_NR08, a member of the Siphoviridae family, expressed antibacterial activity against all Xoo strains tested and d…

Dysbiosis of fecal virome in pediatric Crohn's disease and its dynamic changes during infliximab therapy.

UNLABELLED: The gut virome is an emerging but underexplored component of the human microbiota, especially in pediatric Crohn's disease (CD). … remission associated with higher abundances of Microviridae and Siphoviridae, while Anelloviridae, Myoviridae, and Podoviridae were enriched in IFX-NR at baseline. These findings suggest the virome as a potential biomarker for predicting clinical outcome in pediatric CD, offering a novel avenue for disease diagnosis and personalized treatment strategies. I …

Genomic analysis of oceanic cyanobacterial myoviruses compared with T4-like myoviruses from diverse hosts and environments.

T4-like myoviruses are ubiquitous, and their genes are among the most abundant documented in ocean systems. Here we compare 26 T4-like genomes, including 10 from non-cyanobacterial myoviruses, and 16 from marine cyanobacterial myoviruses (cyanophages) isolated on diverse Prochlorococcus or Synechococcus hosts. A core genome of 38 virion construction and DNA replication genes was observed in all 26 genomes, with 32 and 25 additional genes shared among the non-cyanophage and cyanophage subsets, respectively. These hierarchical cores are highly syntenic across the genomes, and sampled to saturati

Potential of phage EF-N13 as an alternative treatment strategy for mastitis infections caused by multidrug-resistant Enterococcus faecalis.

Bovine mastitis is the most common and costly disease affecting dairy cattle throughout the world. Enterococcus faecalis is one of the envir … t E. faecalis N13 (isolated from mastitic milk) as the host. The phage EF-N13 belongs to the family Myoviridae, which has short latent periods (5 min) and high bursts (284 pfu/cell). The genome of EF-N13 lacked bacterial virulence-, antibiotic resistance-, and lysogenesis-related genes. Furthermore, bacterial loading in the raw milk medium was significantly …

Fully Characterized Effective Bacteriophages Specific against Antibiotic-Resistant Enterococcus faecalis, the Causative Agent of Dental Abscess.

Background and Objectives: Enterococcus faecalis (E. faecalis) is a primary pathogen responsible for dental abscesses, which cause inflammat … the family Siphoviridae, while E. faecalis_phage-02 had a contractile tail, belonging to the family Myoviridae. Genetically, two phages were identified through the PCR amplification and sequencing of the RNA ligase of Enterococcus phage vB_EfaS_HEf13, through which our phages shared 97.2% similarity with Enterococcus phage vB-EfaS-HEf13 based on BLAST analys …

Isolation and characterization of bacteriophages for combating multidrug-resistant Listeria monocytogenes from dairy cattle farms in conjugation with silver nanoparticles.

BACKGROUND: This study aims to achieve biocontrol of multidrug-resistant Listeria monocytogenes in dairy cattle farms which poses a severe t … o three different families by transmission electron microscopy (TEM): Siphoviridae (LMP1 and LMP5), Myoviridae (LMP2, LMP4, and LMP6), and Podoviridae (LMP3). The host range of the isolated LMPs was determined by the spot method using 22 multidrug-resistant L. monocytogenes strains. All 22 (100%) strains were susceptible to phage infection; 50% (3 out of 6) …

A metagenomic assessment of viral contamination on fresh parsley plants irrigated with fecally tainted river water.

Microbial food-borne diseases are still frequently reported despite the implementation of microbial quality legislation to improve food safe … he plant viral families Tymoviridae (66.13%) and Virgaviridae (14.45%) and the phage viral families Myoviridae (5.70%), Siphoviridae (5.06%), and Microviridae (2.89%). Less than 1% of the viral reads were related to viral families that infect humans, including members of the Adenoviridae, Reoviridae, Picornaviridae and Astroviridae families. On the surface o …

Bacteriophage-associated genes responsible for the widely divergent phenotypes of variants of Burkholderia pseudomallei strain MSHR5848.

PURPOSE: Burkholderia pseudomallei, the tier 1 agent of melioidosis, is a saprophytic microbe that causes endemic infections in tropical regions such as South-East Asia and Northern Australia. It is globally distributed, challenging to diagnose and treat, infectious by several routes including inhalation, and has potential for adversarial use. B. pseudomallei strain MSHR5848 produces two colony variants, smooth (S) and rough (R), which exhibit a divergent range of morphological, biochemical and metabolic phenotypes, and differ in macrophage and animal infectivity. We aimed to characterize two

Insertion sequence-mediated phage resistance contributes to attenuated colonization of cytolytic Enterococcus faecalis variants in the gut.

UNLABELLED: Specific elimination of cytolytic Enterococcus faecalis from the intestinal microbiota by bacteriophages (phages) attenuates ethanol-induced liver disease in pre-clinical studies; however, other clinical phage therapy studies have reported the occurrence of phage-resistant variants. Here, we assessed phage resistance using a cytolytic E. faecalis clinical isolate, EF01. After infecting EF01 with ΦEf2.1 (Myoviridae) or ΦEf2.2 (Podoviridae), four host variants (R-EF01ΦEf2.1-A and R-EF01ΦEf2.1-B from infection with ΦEf2.1, and R-EF01ΦEf2.2-A and R-EF01ΦEf2.2-B from infection with ΦEf2…

Women suffering from overactive bladder syndrome exhibit a higher urethral viral abundance compared to healthy controls: a pilot study.

The interactions between the human bacterial microbiome and essential bodily functions are well established for organ systems such as the oral cavity, gut, and female reproductive tract. However, the urinary microbiome, particularly its viral component, remains largely unexplored. Emerging evidence suggests that the urinary microbiome may play a significant role in the development of overactive bladder syndrome (OAB). This study aims to fill this knowledge gap by investigating the potential link between the urethral virome and female overactive bladder syndrome, and by aligning these findings

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… Vibrio phage 1.202.O._10N.222.45.E8 BACTERIA 1 0 0 0 2,588,093 Myoviridae Pantoea phage vB_PagM_AAM37 BACTERIA 1 0 0 0 10,682 Myoviridae Enterobacteria phage P7 BACTERIA 0 1 0 0 2,733,124 Myoviridae Phapecoctavirus BACTERIA 0 0 1 0 363,555 Myoviridae Lactobacillus phage KC5a BACTERIA 0 0 1 0 2,843,161 … | Vibrio phage 1.202.O._10N.222.45.E8 | BACTERIA | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 2,588,093 | Myoviridae | Pantoea phage vB_PagM_AAM37 | BACTERIA | 1 | 0 | 0 | 0 10,682 | Myoviridae | Enterobacteria phage P7 | BACTERIA | 0 | 1 | 0 | 0 2,733,124 | Myoviridae | Phapecoctavirus | BACTERIA | 0 | 0 | 1 | 0 363,555 | Myoviridae …

[Isolation and biological characteristics of a strain of broad spectrum phage infecting Enterobacter xiangfangensis].

To isolate and investigate the biological properties and antibacterial efficacy of phages targeting carbapenem-resistant Enterobacter cloaca … results showed that a lytic phage, designated Pxf1, was isolated and identified as a member of the Myoviridae family. Host range analysis demonstrated that phage Pxf1 could lyse ECC strains of sequence types (STs), including CR-ECC strains. Phage Pxf1 exhibited tolerance to a pH range of 2 to 11 and withstood temperatures up to 60 ℃. The optimal MOI was det …

Регулирование на основе Virobiome микробиота-гут-мозговой оси сигнализирует и нейроиммунный гомеостаз.

Ось человеческого кишечника все чаще признается как сложная двунаправленная коммуникационная система, объединяющая микробные, нейронные, эндокринные и иммунные сети, формирующие неврологическое здоровье. Хотя бактериальный вклад в этот диалог получил широкую окраску, вирусный компонент кишечной экосистемы, виром, стал важным компонентом, связанным с физиологическим регулированием принимающей стороны. В этом обзоре обобщены данные, свидетельствующие о том, что бактериофаги и эукариотические вирусы могут способствовать микробному и иммунальному гомеостазу и оказывать влияние на сигнализацию вдол

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… increased Th17 polarization | Potential contribution to neuroinflammation and microglial dysfunction | Reported associations: AD, MS, MDD | Phage predation | TLR4, NLRP3 | HDAC loss, NF-κB | Reported depletion in patients with AD and ASD | [ 69 ] Tryptophan Metabolism Alteration | Phage dysbiosis | Myoviridae … In the context of ASD, multiple cohort studies have observed alterations in the gut virobiome, particularly an increase in Caudovirales phages , which include tailed dsDNA bacteriophages such as those from the families Siphoviridae , Myoviridae , and Podoviridae [ 248 ]. …

Клиническое представление лептоспироза: ретроспективное исследование 34 Пациенты поступили в одно учебное заведение во Франции.

Лептоспироз имеет весьма изменчивое клиническое представление, которое может быть связано с различными заражающими сероварами, факторами хост-компьютеров или их комбинацией. Это исследование проводилось ретроспективно 34 Число пациентов с серологическим подтвержденным лептоспирозом, принятых в течение отчетного периода 1992-2002. Наиболее частыми симптомами при поступлении в школу были лихорадка (см.100%), головная боль75%), миальгии55%), артхальгии45%) и рвотой (т.е.39%). Применяемые лабораторные исследования включали в себя лимфопенцию (см.85%), тромбоцитопенсия75%), повышенные ферменты пече